Scattering_pdf
... of freedom? Once these fundamental questions are answered, the macroscopic properties are in principle determined by quantum theory and statistical physics. The macroscopic response and transport properties such as thermal conductivity, elasticity, viscosity, susceptibility etc. are the quantities o ...
... of freedom? Once these fundamental questions are answered, the macroscopic properties are in principle determined by quantum theory and statistical physics. The macroscopic response and transport properties such as thermal conductivity, elasticity, viscosity, susceptibility etc. are the quantities o ...
Relativistic quantum information theory and quantum reference frames
... This thesis is a compilation of research in relativistic quantum information theory, and research in quantum reference frames. The research in the former category concerns the fundamentals of quantum information theory of localised qubits in curved spacetimes. This part of the thesis details how to ...
... This thesis is a compilation of research in relativistic quantum information theory, and research in quantum reference frames. The research in the former category concerns the fundamentals of quantum information theory of localised qubits in curved spacetimes. This part of the thesis details how to ...
The physics of the near-field
... considerable amount of new exciting developments. In this review the main physical properties of these peculiar fields are revisited. In a first stage, following a unified pedagogical model, we recall that the concept of near-field is not restricted to specific research areas, but actually covers nu ...
... considerable amount of new exciting developments. In this review the main physical properties of these peculiar fields are revisited. In a first stage, following a unified pedagogical model, we recall that the concept of near-field is not restricted to specific research areas, but actually covers nu ...
Scale Invariance: From Phase Transitions to Turbulence
... a posteriori verification. One common difficulty is to relate the properties of a system observed at a particular scale to those at a larger or smaller scale. In general, we separate the scales by averaging the values at the smaller scales and treating as constant the values varying on larger scales ...
... a posteriori verification. One common difficulty is to relate the properties of a system observed at a particular scale to those at a larger or smaller scale. In general, we separate the scales by averaging the values at the smaller scales and treating as constant the values varying on larger scales ...
Electron microscopy in molecular cell biology I
... Requires very high vacuum (10 -11 Torr) Electrons extracted from crystal by electric field applied to tip (extraction voltage) Schottky emitter: Zr plated, heated to ~ 1200 °C to assist electron emission and prevent contamination, energy spread ΔE ~0.5 eV Cold field emitter: not heated, very low ene ...
... Requires very high vacuum (10 -11 Torr) Electrons extracted from crystal by electric field applied to tip (extraction voltage) Schottky emitter: Zr plated, heated to ~ 1200 °C to assist electron emission and prevent contamination, energy spread ΔE ~0.5 eV Cold field emitter: not heated, very low ene ...
Magnetic Fields
... work–energy theorem we can also conclude that no work is done by magnetic forces. Thus far in our discussion of the magnetic force on charges we have only considered isolated charged particles. When charges flow through a conductor that is in a region where there is a magnetic field, these charges w ...
... work–energy theorem we can also conclude that no work is done by magnetic forces. Thus far in our discussion of the magnetic force on charges we have only considered isolated charged particles. When charges flow through a conductor that is in a region where there is a magnetic field, these charges w ...
Quiet-time mid-latitude trough: influence of convection, field
... One should note here that the number flux of precipitating protons is generally too low to directly carry a significant part of the R2 FAC, which one would instead expect to be carried by thermal electrons (Yamauchi et al., 1998). In the downward current region the ionosphere must supply thermal ele ...
... One should note here that the number flux of precipitating protons is generally too low to directly carry a significant part of the R2 FAC, which one would instead expect to be carried by thermal electrons (Yamauchi et al., 1998). In the downward current region the ionosphere must supply thermal ele ...
29 Electronic Response to External Perturbations
... an external scalar potential and will derive general expressions that relate the dielectric function to the density–density response function and the dynamical structure factor introduced in the previous chapter. This will then allow us to get approximate expressions for the frequency and wave numbe ...
... an external scalar potential and will derive general expressions that relate the dielectric function to the density–density response function and the dynamical structure factor introduced in the previous chapter. This will then allow us to get approximate expressions for the frequency and wave numbe ...
program book of abstracts - ecssc15
... functional materials Structural and Electronic Changes During Li Uptake and Removal of Nanosized CoFe2O4 Revealed by a Detailed in operando X-ray Scattering and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study Complex crystal structure and oxide ion conductivity in the hexagonal perovskite derivative Ba3MoNbO8.5 ...
... functional materials Structural and Electronic Changes During Li Uptake and Removal of Nanosized CoFe2O4 Revealed by a Detailed in operando X-ray Scattering and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study Complex crystal structure and oxide ion conductivity in the hexagonal perovskite derivative Ba3MoNbO8.5 ...
Document
... • Doping is the process of adding very small well controlled amounts of impurities into a semiconductor. • Doping enables the control of the resistivity and other properties over a wide range of values. ...
... • Doping is the process of adding very small well controlled amounts of impurities into a semiconductor. • Doping enables the control of the resistivity and other properties over a wide range of values. ...
Methods of thermoelectric enhancement in silicon
... through PbTe-VI nanocomposites (!), two polycrystalline bulk PbTe compounds synthesized for this report ("), single crystal bulk PbTe (") and the calculated relationship (dashed line) from ...
... through PbTe-VI nanocomposites (!), two polycrystalline bulk PbTe compounds synthesized for this report ("), single crystal bulk PbTe (") and the calculated relationship (dashed line) from ...
Condensed matter physics
Condensed matter physics is a branch of physics that deals with the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. Condensed matter physicists seek to understand the behavior of these phases by using physical laws. In particular, these include the laws of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism and statistical mechanics.The most familiar condensed phases are solids and liquids, while more exotic condensed phases include the superconducting phase exhibited by certain materials at low temperature, the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on atomic lattices, and the Bose–Einstein condensate found in cold atomic systems. The study of condensed matter physics involves measuring various material properties via experimental probes along with using techniques of theoretical physics to develop mathematical models that help in understanding physical behavior.The diversity of systems and phenomena available for study makes condensed matter physics the most active field of contemporary physics: one third of all American physicists identify themselves as condensed matter physicists, and the Division of Condensed Matter Physics is the largest division at the American Physical Society. The field overlaps with chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology, and relates closely to atomic physics and biophysics. Theoretical condensed matter physics shares important concepts and techniques with theoretical particle and nuclear physics.A variety of topics in physics such as crystallography, metallurgy, elasticity, magnetism, etc., were treated as distinct areas, until the 1940s when they were grouped together as solid state physics. Around the 1960s, the study of physical properties of liquids was added to this list, forming the basis for the new, related specialty of condensed matter physics. According to physicist Phil Anderson, the term was coined by him and Volker Heine when they changed the name of their group at the Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge from ""Solid state theory"" to ""Theory of Condensed Matter"" in 1967, as they felt it did not exclude their interests in the study of liquids, nuclear matter and so on. Although Anderson and Heine helped popularize the name ""condensed matter"", it had been present in Europe for some years, most prominently in the form of a journal published in English, French, and German by Springer-Verlag titled Physics of Condensed Matter, which was launched in 1963. The funding environment and Cold War politics of the 1960s and 1970s were also factors that lead some physicists to prefer the name ""condensed matter physics"", which emphasized the commonality of scientific problems encountered by physicists working on solids, liquids, plasmas, and other complex matter, over ""solid state physics"", which was often associated with the industrial applications of metals and semiconductors. The Bell Telephone Laboratories was one of the first institutes to conduct a research program in condensed matter physics.References to ""condensed"" state can be traced to earlier sources. For example, in the introduction to his 1947 ""Kinetic theory of liquids"" book, Yakov Frenkel proposed that ""The kinetic theory of liquids must accordingly be developed as a generalization and extension of the kinetic theory of solid bodies"". As a matter of fact, it would be more correct to unify them under the title of ""condensed bodies"".