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Network Layer
Network Layer

... . . . remote clients/servers will respond using (NAT IP address, new port #) as destination addr. - remember (in NAT translation table) every (source IP address, port #) to (NAT IP address, new port #) translation pair - incoming datagrams: replace (NAT IP address, new port #) in dest fields of ever ...
3214W17Ch4
3214W17Ch4

... Flow Label: identify datagrams in same “flow.” (concept of“flow” not well defined). Next header: identify upper layer protocol for data ...
Cisco PIX 515E Security Appliance
Cisco PIX 515E Security Appliance

... take advantage of the many benefits that converged data, voice, and video networks deliver. By combining VPN with the rich stateful inspection firewall services that Cisco ...
A, I, H, K, and the new routing table
A, I, H, K, and the new routing table

... The packet buffer for router B in previous slide Routing table calculations are done using Dijkestra’s algorithm Computer Networks, Fifth Edition by Andrew Tanenbaum and David Wetherall, © Pearson Education-Prentice Hall, 2011 ...
Part2.3Internetworki..
Part2.3Internetworki..

... Transport from an application on one computer to application on another ...
Notes
Notes

...  seldom used on low bit-error link (fiber, some twisted pair)  wireless links: high error rates • Q: why both link-level and end-end reliability? 5: DataLink Layer ...
PPT Version
PPT Version

... – Provides options for ACKs, sessions & transactions ...
5 – Network Layer
5 – Network Layer

... NAT (Network Address Translation) box maps one external IP address to many internal IP addresses • Uses TCP/UDP port to tell connections apart • Violates layering; very common in homes, etc. ...
Towards truly open and commoditized Sdn in openstack
Towards truly open and commoditized Sdn in openstack

... OK, Questions We Got! Q: What is a truly scalable SDN solution now? ...
Module 2 - OoCities
Module 2 - OoCities

... at MIT in 1957.(Answer: John McCarthy). Q15: ARPA’s networking project Managed by ______________ from MIT. (Answer: Lawrence Robert). Q16: Nodes with large time-sharing computers at the connected sites are called _____________. (Answer: hosts). Q17: What’s the different between Circuit-switching vs. ...
TKN Performance Evaluation of a QoS-Aware Handover Mechanism S. Sroka and H. Karl
TKN Performance Evaluation of a QoS-Aware Handover Mechanism S. Sroka and H. Karl

... special-purpose hard- and software in their fixed communication network. With growing cost pressure, a tendency to replace custom-made systems with standard, off-the-shelf equipment is attractive. This tendency resulted in the concept of “all IP” mobile communication systems: IP protocols and hardwa ...
MPLS QoS - Lyle School of Engineering
MPLS QoS - Lyle School of Engineering

... Note: Internal routers in CSE ...
Network Primer - CS 4474
Network Primer - CS 4474

... DISADVANTAGE FOR SOME VES When a socket is receiving data on a UDP port, it will receive packets sent to it by any host, whether it is participating in the application or not This possibility can represent a security problem for some applications that do not robustly distinguish between expected and ...
The TCP Segment Header - CIS @ Temple University
The TCP Segment Header - CIS @ Temple University

... Sender stop sending. Receiver send segment with new window size. This segment is lost. Sender will keep waiting forever. After getting a window of 0 the sender uses a persistent timer periodically to probe the receiver to send window advertisements. Once it gets a non-zero window the timer is stoppe ...
Service-Built Edge & CPE Initiative: M7i & M10i Overview
Service-Built Edge & CPE Initiative: M7i & M10i Overview

...  A private Ethernet network constructed over a ‘shared’ infrastructure ...
Performance Analysis of RIP and OSPF in Network Using
Performance Analysis of RIP and OSPF in Network Using

... meanings but according to the network convergence, means that in an internet work all routers have same topological information about their network. When routers start convergence they collect topological information for other routers through implemented routing protocol. One important thing is that ...
pptx - Cornell Computer Science
pptx - Cornell Computer Science

... • Next Monday, Review chapter 4 from the book, Network Layer – We will also briefly discuss data center topologies ...
HAT: Heterogeneous Adaptive Throttling for On-Chip Networks
HAT: Heterogeneous Adaptive Throttling for On-Chip Networks

... the network load (the fraction of occupied links or buffers) becomes too high. When this congestion occurs, packets contend for shared network resources frequently, and this can reduce overall system throughput. Congestion in onand off-chip interconnects is a well-known problem that has been describ ...
"Resilient Overlay Networks"
"Resilient Overlay Networks"

... fault-tolerance needs, do not often require such a large address block, and cannot effectively multi-home. One alternative may be “provider-based addressing,” where an organization gets addresses from multiple providers, but this requires handling two distinct sets of addresses on its hosts. It is u ...
第6章作业应用
第6章作业应用

... There are a lot of players to announce to provide SIP solution, e.g., capital telecom company. It is reasonable to say that the largest telecom companies provide the SIP solutions in two years, such as Zhongxing, Huawei . (this was really true when the PPT was written in 1999) Today, there are more ...
switch
switch

... multiple access protocol  distributed algorithm that determines how nodes share channel, i.e., determine when node can transmit  communication about channel sharing must use channel itself! • no out-of-band channel for coordination! ...
IP address
IP address

...  This range contains 65536 addresses because the third and the fourth bytes can have values of 0 to 255 and 256*256 is 65536.  The first address,181.74.0.0 is a reserved address and represents the entire network( organization); the last address 181.74.255.255 is also a reserved address and represe ...
pdf
pdf

... approach: sender increases transmission rate (window size), probing for usable bandwidth, until loss occurs  additive increase: increase cwnd by 1 MSS every RTT until loss detected  multiplicative decrease: cut cwnd in half after loss ...
performance-definitions
performance-definitions

... Created by an application, handed over to the OS, passed to a network card (NIC), encoded, transmitted over a physical medium (copper, fibre, air), received by an intermediate device (switch, router), analyzed, retransmitted over another ...
Toward an IPv6 world in mobile networks – mechanisms
Toward an IPv6 world in mobile networks – mechanisms

... bugs have been removed. The native dual-stack model is shown in Figure 1. Here the entire network – from the UE to the servers running the services – supports both IPv4 and IPv6. Services can be accessed using either protocol, depending on which one is supported by the particular service. If NAT44 i ...
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Deep packet inspection

Deep Packet Inspection (DPI, also called complete packet inspection and Information eXtraction or IX) is a form of computer network packet filtering that examines the data part (and possibly also the header) of a packet as it passes an inspection point, searching for protocol non-compliance, viruses, spam, intrusions, or defined criteria to decide whether the packet may pass or if it needs to be routed to a different destination, or, for the purpose of collecting statistical information. There are multiple headers for IP packets; network equipment only needs to use the first of these (the IP header) for normal operation, but use of the second header (TCP, UDP etc.) is normally considered to be shallow packet inspection (usually called Stateful Packet Inspection) despite this definition.There are multiple ways to acquire packets for deep packet inspection. Using port mirroring (sometimes called Span Port) is a very common way, as well as an optical splitter.Deep Packet Inspection (and filtering) enables advanced network management, user service, and security functions as well as internet data mining, eavesdropping, and internet censorship. Although DPI technology has been used for Internet management for many years, some advocates of net neutrality fear that the technology may be used anticompetitively or to reduce the openness of the Internet.DPI is used in a wide range of applications, at the so-called ""enterprise"" level (corporations and larger institutions), in telecommunications service providers, and in governments.
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