Change in Contemporary English: A Grammatical Study
... Based on the systematic analysis of large amounts of computer-readable text, this book shows how the English language has been changing in the recent past, often in unexpected and previously undocumented ways. The study is based on a group of matching corpora, known as the ‘Brown family’ of corpora, ...
... Based on the systematic analysis of large amounts of computer-readable text, this book shows how the English language has been changing in the recent past, often in unexpected and previously undocumented ways. The study is based on a group of matching corpora, known as the ‘Brown family’ of corpora, ...
Syntactic, semantic and phonological factors determining the
... to the specifier positions of a MoodevidentialP, a ModepistemicP, and a ModspeechactP. These projections have invariant relative positions in the universal hierarchy of functional projections, from which both the relative order and the relative scope of preverbal adverbs can be derived. What this th ...
... to the specifier positions of a MoodevidentialP, a ModepistemicP, and a ModspeechactP. These projections have invariant relative positions in the universal hierarchy of functional projections, from which both the relative order and the relative scope of preverbal adverbs can be derived. What this th ...
Tense, Aspect, Aktionsart and Related Areas
... Linguists have always been keenly interested in verbal grammar because in most languages systems of tense-aspect-mood are at the very core of language competence and performance. This is certainly true for the Indo-European phylum, whose individual languages display a vast variety of disparate verba ...
... Linguists have always been keenly interested in verbal grammar because in most languages systems of tense-aspect-mood are at the very core of language competence and performance. This is certainly true for the Indo-European phylum, whose individual languages display a vast variety of disparate verba ...
Dissertation Body
... The records abound in not only chronological and dialectal variation, but also free variation within a given text. Nearly every strong verb exhibits both strong and weak past tense forms in ME, according to Welna (1996: 120). He lists all the preterites and past participles he was able to turn up. O ...
... The records abound in not only chronological and dialectal variation, but also free variation within a given text. Nearly every strong verb exhibits both strong and weak past tense forms in ME, according to Welna (1996: 120). He lists all the preterites and past participles he was able to turn up. O ...
The Personal Dative in Appalachian English as a Reflexive Pronoun
... However, (14a) does not have this interpretation, it only means that the stick went to me in the end, requiring a transfer of possession to the direct object. 14. a. I whittled myself a stick b. I whittled me a stick 15. I whittled Bob a stick Notice that the SELF anaphor, while requiring a transfe ...
... However, (14a) does not have this interpretation, it only means that the stick went to me in the end, requiring a transfer of possession to the direct object. 14. a. I whittled myself a stick b. I whittled me a stick 15. I whittled Bob a stick Notice that the SELF anaphor, while requiring a transfe ...
Journal of Memory and Language
... reading the past participle, the thematic fit between the two nouns and the past participle could be used for this assignment. In this case there might be no processing difficulty in object relatives as in (4). If, however, readers commit themselves to an analysis as subject relative clause already ...
... reading the past participle, the thematic fit between the two nouns and the past participle could be used for this assignment. In this case there might be no processing difficulty in object relatives as in (4). If, however, readers commit themselves to an analysis as subject relative clause already ...
Untitled - Shadows Government
... Over the last decade Slavic has also been arguably the most externally unstable of the Indo-European language families. The fall of Euro-Communism was marked most dramatically by the tearing down of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the subsequent dissolution of the USSR, the Warsaw Pact, COMECON and the ...
... Over the last decade Slavic has also been arguably the most externally unstable of the Indo-European language families. The fall of Euro-Communism was marked most dramatically by the tearing down of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the subsequent dissolution of the USSR, the Warsaw Pact, COMECON and the ...
AFF - MPG.PuRe
... I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my committee. Professor John WOE,my advisor, is the one who laid the groundwork for my research in Atayal. He not only taught me Indonesian, Tagalog, and Austronesian linguistics, but also writing of textbooks and foreign lang~agepedagogy. He always b ...
... I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my committee. Professor John WOE,my advisor, is the one who laid the groundwork for my research in Atayal. He not only taught me Indonesian, Tagalog, and Austronesian linguistics, but also writing of textbooks and foreign lang~agepedagogy. He always b ...
Photos The typology of clause linkage: status quo, challenges
... In this introductory chapter we summarize some major assumptions, results and challenges of (traditional and more recent) research into clause linkage, making reference to the chapters of this volume. We focus on typological work, as language typology, itself feeding on studies of individual languag ...
... In this introductory chapter we summarize some major assumptions, results and challenges of (traditional and more recent) research into clause linkage, making reference to the chapters of this volume. We focus on typological work, as language typology, itself feeding on studies of individual languag ...
Noun clauses function
... § observation: The action of the infinitive to know points directly at the DEP. § DEP function: object of the infinitive to know § DEP identity: noun clause ...
... § observation: The action of the infinitive to know points directly at the DEP. § DEP function: object of the infinitive to know § DEP identity: noun clause ...
FLOATING QUANTIFIERS, PARTITIVES AND DISTRIBUTIVITY
... Commonly, the quantifier expressions of natural language are arguments of the verb, such as subjects, direct objects or objects of prepositions. In this respect, they differ crucially from the free-standing quantifier prefixes of first-order logic, as has often been observed by the proponents of gen ...
... Commonly, the quantifier expressions of natural language are arguments of the verb, such as subjects, direct objects or objects of prepositions. In this respect, they differ crucially from the free-standing quantifier prefixes of first-order logic, as has often been observed by the proponents of gen ...
- Lancaster EPrints
... 2.3. Impersonal constructions in Puxian.................................................................. 55 2.4. The distribution of pronominal impersonals in Puxian..................................... 71 2.4.1. Identifying pronominal impersonals.................................................... ...
... 2.3. Impersonal constructions in Puxian.................................................................. 55 2.4. The distribution of pronominal impersonals in Puxian..................................... 71 2.4.1. Identifying pronominal impersonals.................................................... ...
18 The Instrumental Case Feminine declension nouns Masculine
... The instrumental is one of the most complex Russian cases, but the idea behind it is fairly simple. You can think of it as an accessory for something else. Rather than serving as a source for energy (which is the primary task of NOMINATIVE: A NAME), the instrumental is a peripheral attachment for so ...
... The instrumental is one of the most complex Russian cases, but the idea behind it is fairly simple. You can think of it as an accessory for something else. Rather than serving as a source for energy (which is the primary task of NOMINATIVE: A NAME), the instrumental is a peripheral attachment for so ...
German - Wikimedia Commons
... A Textbook on Five Levels The question arose early in the development of this textbook as to precisely who would be the target audience. Although intended to be a "beginning" textbook on German, many felt that the early lessons were too difficult for younger students with very limited or no experience ...
... A Textbook on Five Levels The question arose early in the development of this textbook as to precisely who would be the target audience. Although intended to be a "beginning" textbook on German, many felt that the early lessons were too difficult for younger students with very limited or no experience ...
8 Causatives - Blackwell Publishing
... morpheme (s)ase. By its dependent nature, (s)ase attaches to the verb stem, and forms a morphologically and phonologically unitary “word.” The causative morpheme takes the shape sase if it attaches to a vowel-ending stem (tabe-sase “eat-cause”) while the initial s drops if the verb stem is consonant ...
... morpheme (s)ase. By its dependent nature, (s)ase attaches to the verb stem, and forms a morphologically and phonologically unitary “word.” The causative morpheme takes the shape sase if it attaches to a vowel-ending stem (tabe-sase “eat-cause”) while the initial s drops if the verb stem is consonant ...
A GRAMMAR OF THE HITTITE LANGUAGE Part 1
... days of the field) but also of individual copies of those texts, often written many years after the text’s composition. We have sought to give full recognition to established findings in this area, but our initial intention of assigning Old, Middle, or New Hittite status to all cited forms in the para ...
... days of the field) but also of individual copies of those texts, often written many years after the text’s composition. We have sought to give full recognition to established findings in this area, but our initial intention of assigning Old, Middle, or New Hittite status to all cited forms in the para ...
2014. The Use of Adverb in Article
... Position and order of adverb phrase based on Thewlis (2004, p.36), when there is more than one adverb phrase, the order usually follow these guidelines: Shorter adverb phrases usually come before longer adverb phrase. Since the frequency phrase is long, it is better to have it follows the time phr ...
... Position and order of adverb phrase based on Thewlis (2004, p.36), when there is more than one adverb phrase, the order usually follow these guidelines: Shorter adverb phrases usually come before longer adverb phrase. Since the frequency phrase is long, it is better to have it follows the time phr ...
Part II: A Close Look at Parts of Speech
... Phonology: Saying and spelling words correctly .......................................................10 Morphology: Word structure and variations in word forms.....................................11 Syntax: Putting words in order ..................................................................... ...
... Phonology: Saying and spelling words correctly .......................................................10 Morphology: Word structure and variations in word forms.....................................11 Syntax: Putting words in order ..................................................................... ...
Adjectival participles, event kind modification and
... event kind. After having outlined the general account of the composition of adjectival passives, I will discuss new facts about event-related modification in section 5. Event kinds are natural to expect if we assume that events form a subsort in our ontology of (token) individuals (Reichenbach 1947; ...
... event kind. After having outlined the general account of the composition of adjectival passives, I will discuss new facts about event-related modification in section 5. Event kinds are natural to expect if we assume that events form a subsort in our ontology of (token) individuals (Reichenbach 1947; ...
ENGLISH SYNTAX: THE coMpoSITE SENTENcE. THE Mood
... help of a connector, such as and, but, or, etc., the linking is called syndetic: The cloud parted and the increase of light made her look up. He wants her to live in the towns, but she only cares for woods. Do you want to leave now or would you rather set off later? I heard a noise so I got out of b ...
... help of a connector, such as and, but, or, etc., the linking is called syndetic: The cloud parted and the increase of light made her look up. He wants her to live in the towns, but she only cares for woods. Do you want to leave now or would you rather set off later? I heard a noise so I got out of b ...
The development of relative clauses in spontaneous child speech*
... (27) The tiger is gonna scare him. (paraphrase) Note that the propositional content of the relative is not pragmatically presupposed in these constructions; rather, it asserts new information concerning the referent established in the presentational clause (cf. Lambrecht 1988: 325; see also Fox and ...
... (27) The tiger is gonna scare him. (paraphrase) Note that the propositional content of the relative is not pragmatically presupposed in these constructions; rather, it asserts new information concerning the referent established in the presentational clause (cf. Lambrecht 1988: 325; see also Fox and ...
Reflexive Verben Theorie learning target rules
... • Ich konzentriere mich auf das Examen. (I concentrate on the exam.) "Ich" is the subject of the sentence. I'm acting. I concentrate. "konzentrieren" is the reflexive verb of the sentence. "mich" (=> ich) is the object of the sentence although I must admit that's quite difficult to understand becaus ...
... • Ich konzentriere mich auf das Examen. (I concentrate on the exam.) "Ich" is the subject of the sentence. I'm acting. I concentrate. "konzentrieren" is the reflexive verb of the sentence. "mich" (=> ich) is the object of the sentence although I must admit that's quite difficult to understand becaus ...
A grammar of Lha`alua, an Austronesian language of Taiwan
... differentiating adjectival elements from dynamic verbs and noun, ‘adjective’ is not recognisable as an independent word class. Adjectival elements are treated as stative verbs in that they exhibit the same morphosyntactic properties. The basic constituent order is VAO, if transitive, or VS(E), if in ...
... differentiating adjectival elements from dynamic verbs and noun, ‘adjective’ is not recognisable as an independent word class. Adjectival elements are treated as stative verbs in that they exhibit the same morphosyntactic properties. The basic constituent order is VAO, if transitive, or VS(E), if in ...
Ahland_oregon_0171A_10546 - Scholars` Bank
... morphosyntactic categories, in particular as relator nouns, verbal classifiers, and class morphemes, the final two of which are noun categorization devices. Many of these same body part terms can be incorporated into the verb or form part of lexicalized verb-noun compounds. Deverbal nominalizations ...
... morphosyntactic categories, in particular as relator nouns, verbal classifiers, and class morphemes, the final two of which are noun categorization devices. Many of these same body part terms can be incorporated into the verb or form part of lexicalized verb-noun compounds. Deverbal nominalizations ...
Makassarese (basa Mangkasara
... Indonesia went through four presidents and onto a fifth. The city of Makassar regained its name, and the province of South Sulawesi was split into two. And last but not least, my two children Thomas and Natalie were born. Through it all my wife Sonia has stood by me with her love and support, and ...
... Indonesia went through four presidents and onto a fifth. The city of Makassar regained its name, and the province of South Sulawesi was split into two. And last but not least, my two children Thomas and Natalie were born. Through it all my wife Sonia has stood by me with her love and support, and ...
Modern Greek grammar
The grammar of Standard Modern Greek, as spoken in present-day Greece and Cyprus, is basically that of Demotic Greek, but it has also assimilated certain elements of Katharevousa, the archaic, learned variety of Greek imitating Classical Greek forms, which used to be the official language of Greece through much of the 19th and 20th centuries. Modern Greek grammar has preserved many features of Ancient Greek, but has also undergone changes in a similar direction as many other modern Indo-European languages, from more synthetic to more analytic structures.