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Multiprocessing and Distributed Systems
Multiprocessing and Distributed Systems

... Multiprocessing  Distributed Computing (a spectrum) • Many independent problems at same time • Similar — e.g., banking & credit card; airline reservations • Different — e.g., university computer center; your own PC ...
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... 5. Standardize on compact, binary addresses that make computations (e.g., selection of a route) efficient 6. Name should be case-insensitive ASCII ...
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... heterogeneous radio systems, such as public cellular networks (e.g., GPRS, cdma2000, WCDMA networks), public wire-line networks, enterprise (private) wireless local area networks (LANs) and public wireless LAN hotspot networks that may use IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, or other short-range radio technolog ...
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... File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digitally stored information, such as computer programs, multimedia (audio, images and video), documents or electronic books. It may be implemented through a variety of ways. Either by using client server or by peer to peer methodol ...
Implementing L2 at the Data Center Access Layer
Implementing L2 at the Data Center Access Layer

... imposed in this design, as Juniper Networks systems use a fully non-blocking architecture. In conjunction with Juniper Networks overall data center solution, and as described in the Enterprise Data Center Network Reference Architecture, we identify the benefits of collapsing the data center tiers fr ...
DICOM Digital Imaging COmmunications in Medicine
DICOM Digital Imaging COmmunications in Medicine

... Ethernet, FDDI, ISDN, etc. ...
IP Multicast and Multicast Reliability
IP Multicast and Multicast Reliability

... • Ack-implosion if all destinations ack at once • Nak-implosion if a all destinations ack at once ...
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... • sendPdu request sent by the application module, command generator, is associated with the receiving module, dispatcher • After the message is transmitted over the network, dispatcher sends a handle to the command generator for tracking the response • sendPdu is the IN parameter • sendPduHandle is ...
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)
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... Most of the current key exchange protocols are reliant upon a central trust authority for initial authentication. All nodes, before entering a network, procure a one-time public and private key pair from the CA along with the CA‟s public key. After this, the nodes can negotiate session keys among ea ...
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Presentation Title Size 30PT

... © 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
IP Multicast
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... 1. Link-layer (Ethernet) broadcast •IP multicast packet is encapsulated in an Ethernet broadcast frame and transmitted on the bus. •Every host picks up the Ethernet frame and does filtering at the IP layer to decide whether to keep or discard the frame. 2. Link-layer (Ethernet) multicast •Requires a ...
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... • Remember, the goal is to have the shorter latency and the fewer breaks! Network Lab - Technion ...
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IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
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... Abstract: The Universal Mobile Telecommunication systems are one of the very important cellular phone technologies which are known as the 3G systems. It support the high speed data transfer, speech, web browsing, email, video telephony, multimedia and the audio streaming. The expected growth in real ...
Distributed Computation of Reduced Multicast Trees
Distributed Computation of Reduced Multicast Trees

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... The challenge to building such a network using simple single-frequency radios is that there is only one available channel. In existing infrastructure networks, radios can usually transmit in distinct channels. Neighboring cells do not transmit on the same channel thus, keeping interference between t ...
Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) RFC 3168
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... for a congestion loss in non-ECN-capable TCP Sender TCP SHOULD NOT react more than once every RTT to the ECE ACK packet Why? – We saw that receiver keeps sending ECE set ACKs until Receiver gets a TCP-PDU ...
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... The purpose of the CONEX working group is to develop a mechanism to allow senders to inform the network of the level of congestion they expect their packets to encounter. This information is currently only visible at the transport layer. With the output of CONEX, it will be possible to provide suffi ...
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... link layers of the OSI reference model. Frame Relay originally was designed for use across Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) interfaces. Today, it is used over a variety of other network interfaces as well. Frame Relay is a simplified form of Packet Switching, similar in principle to X.25, ...
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An Incentive Driven Lookup Protocol For Chord-Based Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Networks
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... with others before they themselves can obtain services from a network. Also, most of these solutions rely on self-less participation of groups of trusted nodes to monitor/police the activities of individual nodes and ensure that everyone contributes to the system. To the best of our knowledge, none ...
NIRA: A New Internet Routing Architecture Xiaowei Yang  ABSTRACT
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... refers to an abstract entity. It is not necessarily a human user. It could be a piece of software running in a human user’s computer, making route selections according to user configured preferences. We view it as a rather separate component, and will not discuss the design of it in this paper. Many ...
on TCP/IP
on TCP/IP

... IPv6 raises the size of the Internet address field from 32 bits to 128 bits. ◦ We are running out of IP V4 addresses. ◦ V6 will solve the problem. ◦ But current work-arounds are delaying the need for IPv6 addresses—mostly Network Address Translation. ...
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Recursive InterNetwork Architecture (RINA)



The Recursive InterNetwork Architecture (RINA) is a computer network architecture that unifies distributed computing and telecommunications. RINA's fundamental principle is that computer networking is just Inter-Process Communication or IPC. RINA reconstructs the overall structure of the Internet, forming a model that comprises a single repeating layer, the DIF (Distributed IPC Facility), which is the minimal set of components required to allow distributed IPC between application processes. RINA inherently supports mobility, multi-homing and Quality of Service without the need for extra mechanisms, provides a secure and programmable environment, motivates for a more competitive marketplace, and allows for a seamless adoption.
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