• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Equity Risk, Credit Risk, Default Correlation, and Corporate Sustainability
Equity Risk, Credit Risk, Default Correlation, and Corporate Sustainability

...  Defaults are usually rare events so it’s impossible to directly observe default correlations over time  The book value of firm assets is a very incomplete measure of firm assets, so observing asset volatility and asset correlations across firms are very weak estimates  Equity return volatility a ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Research Volume Title:  Asset Prices and Monetary Policy
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Research Volume Title: Asset Prices and Monetary Policy

... other instruments to use to address such bubbles. In reaching this conclusion, I would emphasize that the need for new tools has increased. As the role of depository institutions has diminished in the financial system relative to the capital markets, the tools of prudential supervision and regulatio ...
Is there a Rational Evidence for an Infinite Variance Asset Pricing
Is there a Rational Evidence for an Infinite Variance Asset Pricing

Returns, Absolute Returns and Risk
Returns, Absolute Returns and Risk

Risk Premium
Risk Premium

Our Investment Process - Horbury Financial Services
Our Investment Process - Horbury Financial Services

... ‘cautious’, ‘balanced’ or ‘aggressive’ can mean different things to different people. That is why we aim to make our assessment of your attitude to risk as objective as possible. The next stage of the process is a discussion about what your risk profile score means. Your resulting risk profile score ...
Combining Risk-Neutral and Real-World Default Probabilities S
Combining Risk-Neutral and Real-World Default Probabilities S

the optimal portfolio - Vista Capital Partners
the optimal portfolio - Vista Capital Partners

... In contrast, passive management is a buy-andhold approach that makes no attempt to pick “attractive” over “unattractive” securities or time the market. Passive management, commonly referred to as “indexing”, is based on the belief that markets are reasonably efficient. That is, prices reflect a secu ...
A Modern, Behavior-Aware Approach to Asset Allocation and
A Modern, Behavior-Aware Approach to Asset Allocation and

... years as evidenced by timeless proverbs like “don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” The magic behind diversification – and one of the reasons it is considered the only “free lunch” available in investing – is that a portfolio of assets will always have a risk level less-than-or-equal-to the riskie ...
New risks. New insights.
New risks. New insights.

... Holdings-based analysis, a pillar of BlackRock’s risk-first approach, helps us better understand the real-time risk profile of the portfolio — based on current holdings instead of past returns. This technique is designed to complement other returns-based methodologies and help advisors in two keys w ...
Chapter 1 Introduction to Portfolio Theory
Chapter 1 Introduction to Portfolio Theory

Steady as she goes?
Steady as she goes?

... The S&P 500 Index consists of 500 stocks chosen for market size, liquidity, and industry group representation. It is a market-value-weighted index, with each stock’s weight in the index proportionate to its market value. The S&P MidCap 400 Index measures the performance of the mid-size company segme ...
Two Ways to Calculate the Rate of Return on a Portfolio
Two Ways to Calculate the Rate of Return on a Portfolio

What Australian Investors Need to Know to Diversify
What Australian Investors Need to Know to Diversify

Large Cap Research Equity
Large Cap Research Equity

... This document does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to purchase shares or other securities. The Portfolio is available exclusively to, and the information provided above is designed for, certain qualified retirement plans and their participants and beneficiaries as des ...
View PDF - RiskLab Toronto
View PDF - RiskLab Toronto

Ch10std
Ch10std

the stability of large external imbalances
the stability of large external imbalances

Analysis of application-specific requirements for estimation of risk
Analysis of application-specific requirements for estimation of risk

... • For risk-management, portfolio sensitivity to interest rate shocks is more valuable than prices of individual instruments. • Basel II proposes a quick and dirty approach to interest rate risk: gap-analysis. – OIS+swaps are used for discounting. ...
Managing interest rate risk
Managing interest rate risk

The value of illiquidity
The value of illiquidity

... prohibited. Any statements made regarding investment performance objectives, risk and/or return targets shall not constitute a representation or warranty that such objectives or expectations will be achieved or risks are fully disclosed. The information and opinions contained in this document is bas ...
A quantitative take on recent market volatility
A quantitative take on recent market volatility

... in these commentaries at the time of publication; however, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Market conditions may change and the manager accepts no responsibility for individual investment decisions arising from the use of or reliance on the information contained herein. Commissions, trailing commissi ...
Combining active and passive managements in a portfolio
Combining active and passive managements in a portfolio

... of this boom for indexing and passive solutions—yet investor inflows into alternatives have been very strong. Another study, conducted by Cliffwater and Lyxor, found that the weighting of alternatives in U.S. state pension funds has more than doubled recently, from 10% in 2006 to 24% in 20132. Despi ...
Performance Evaluation
Performance Evaluation

... 1) Performance of a fund should be measured by computing the actual rates of return on a fund’s assets 2) These rates of return should be based on the market value of the fund’s assets ...
Performance Evaluation
Performance Evaluation

< 1 ... 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 ... 62 >

Modern portfolio theory

Modern portfolio theory (MPT) is a theory of finance that attempts to maximize portfolio expected return for a given amount of portfolio risk, or equivalently minimize risk for a given level of expected return, by carefully choosing the proportions of various assets. Although MPT is widely used in practice in the financial industry and several of its creators won a Nobel memorial prize for the theory, in recent years the basic assumptions of MPT have been widely challenged by fields such as behavioral economics.MPT is a mathematical formulation of the concept of diversification in investing, with the aim of selecting a collection of investment assets that has lower overall risk than any other combination of assets with the same expected return. This is possible, intuitively speaking, because different types of assets sometimes change in value in opposite directions. For example, to the extent prices in the stock market move differently from prices in the bond market, a combination of both types of assets can in theory generate lower overall risk than either individually. Diversification can lower risk even if assets' returns are positively correlated.More technically, MPT models an asset's return as a normally or elliptically distributed random variable, defines risk as the standard deviation of return, and models a portfolio as a weighted combination of assets, so that the return of a portfolio is the weighted combination of the assets' returns. By combining different assets whose returns are not perfectly positively correlated, MPT seeks to reduce the total variance of the portfolio return. MPT also assumes that investors are rational and markets are efficient.MPT was developed in the 1950s through the early 1970s and was considered an important advance in the mathematical modeling of finance. Since then, some theoretical and practical criticisms have been leveled against it. These include evidence that financial returns do not follow a normal distribution or indeed any symmetric distribution, and that correlations between asset classes are not fixed but can vary depending on external events (especially in crises). Further, there remains evidence that investors are not rational and markets may not be efficient. Finally, the low volatility anomaly conflicts with CAPM's trade-off assumption of higher risk for higher return. It states that a portfolio consisting of low volatility equities (like blue chip stocks) reaps higher risk-adjusted returns than a portfolio with high volatility equities (like illiquid penny stocks). A study conducted by Myron Scholes, Michael Jensen, and Fischer Black in 1972 suggests that the relationship between return and beta might be flat or even negatively correlated.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report