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Veni vidi vici and Caesar`s triumph
Veni vidi vici and Caesar`s triumph

... Tituli seen on reliefs depicting triumphal processions almost exclusively have the form modern literature calls tabula ansata; that is a board with small handles, ansae, on the short sides. Tabula ansata is a modern and rather unfortunate term,22 as Latin authors always call the placards tituli and ...
Marcus Tullius Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero

... disliked and distrusted Pompey didn't help. Even so, he had little trouble gaining election to each political office, successfully winning the Praetorship in 67 BC. Perhaps a bit of luck, or simply being the right man at the right time played a role, but regardless, Cicero was steadily rising. Becom ...
The Fall of the Roman Republic
The Fall of the Roman Republic

... be Rome’s contribution to the development of classical city-states seemed real enough. In fact, it was the temporary product of the period when Rome was fighting first for her survival in Italy and then for supremacy over her Italian neighbours. However, security within Italy brought contacts with p ...
julius caesar`s system understanding of the gallic crisis
julius caesar`s system understanding of the gallic crisis

... (2) The customs of war of the time. When studying historical events, one should try to wear the lenses of the time under scrutiny, and refrain, as much as possible, form passing moral judgment based on the sensibilities of today on events that date back more than two thousand years. That being said, ...
appendix - Unika Repository
appendix - Unika Repository

... Act IV, Scene 1: Antony, Octavius, and Lepidus decide who must be executed to protect their new power in Rome. Antony sends Lepidus on an errand, and then belittles him as an insignificant man who is not fit to rule but who will be useful for a while. Antony and Octavius begin to plan a campaign ag ...
Sarah Cohen Ms. Schwartz 12AP English Literature 2 June 2011
Sarah Cohen Ms. Schwartz 12AP English Literature 2 June 2011

... Unlike Gerome’s Cleopatra, Shakespeare’s Cleopatra is more complex. In creating Cleopatra, Shakespeare used his power of rhetoric to create a vivid Pharaoh with a bipolar personality. For example when Antony is gay, Cleopatra is melancholy, when Antony is downcast, Cleopatra is merry. Yet Cleopatra ...
Cohen Sarah Cohen Ms. Schwartz 12AP English Literature 2 June
Cohen Sarah Cohen Ms. Schwartz 12AP English Literature 2 June

... Unlike Gerome’s Cleopatra, Shakespeare’s Cleopatra is more complex. In creating Cleopatra, Shakespeare used his power of rhetoric to create a vivid Pharaoh with a bipolar personality. For example when Antony is gay, Cleopatra is melancholy, when Antony is downcast, Cleopatra is merry. Yet Cleopatra ...
Julius Caesar Reading Guide
Julius Caesar Reading Guide

... males). The government was to be ruled by two consuls, and senators were elected from the upper class (aristocrats). These men were to be powerful advisors to the consuls. However, after his military conquests, Caesar became the only ruler of Rome. This made many senators uneasy. They feared Caesar ...
Marcus Tullius Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero

... 63 BCE. This is the same year in which he dealt with the conspiracy of Cataline. Lucius Sergius Catalina, a political who was habitually unsuccessful at attaining the consulship, gathered an army to overthrow the Roman state. Thanks to Cicero’s exposure of Cataline to the Senate, the senators enacte ...
Book I Outline
Book I Outline

... through the Helvetians; because of Roman power he was in despair not only about that, but also about the influence that he did have. 27-32. Caesar also found out in his inquiry that in an unsuccessful cavalry battle a few days earlier the initial flight from the battle had been started by Dumnorix a ...
DBG Book 1 Outline
DBG Book 1 Outline

... through the Helvetians; because of Roman power he was in despair not only about that, but also about the influence that he did have. 27-32. Caesar also found out in his inquiry that in an unsuccessful cavalry battle a few days earlier the initial flight from the battle had been started by Dumnorix a ...
Brutus, Marcus Junius (85 B.C.
Brutus, Marcus Junius (85 B.C.

... its chief organizer, Cassius; the martyrdom of Cato, whose daughter Brutus had married in 45 B.C.; consciousness of his descent from L. Junius Brutus, who slew the last king of Rome; and Stoic dogma, which declared the murder of a tyrant not only just but obligatory. At the time no one accused him o ...
Caesar: Selections from his Commentarii De Bello Gallico
Caesar: Selections from his Commentarii De Bello Gallico

... describes not as the opening battle in a campaign to conquer all Gaul, but instead merely as an intervention, a sort of police action to safeguard the integrity of the Roman province of which he was governor. Book Four (4.24–36.1) picks up four years later when Caesar appeared to have brought all Ga ...
Julius Caesar`s Invasions of Britain
Julius Caesar`s Invasions of Britain

... Roman world: they are unwilling to accept the paternalistic view that ‘the Britons did what they were told by the Romans because it represented ‘progress’.” 1 The first source which I will be considering is Collingwood’s Roman Britain and the English Settlements. Robin George Collingwood was a Briti ...
Julius Caesar Act and Scene Summaries
Julius Caesar Act and Scene Summaries

... conspiracy but that he will now be part of the new commonwealth. The plebeians cheer Brutus’s apparent kindness, declaring that Brutus should be Caesar. Antony asks the audience to listen, for he has come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. He acknowledges Brutus’s charge that Caesar was ambitious, o ...
POPULARßIDEOLOGY
POPULARßIDEOLOGY

... significance that not only the leaders of the optimates but also those of the populares were always senators, that is men who sought to realise their own aspirations in ...
Searching for Blood in the Streets: Mapping
Searching for Blood in the Streets: Mapping

... contionalis—an interest-group of plebeians who spent the majority of their time attending contiones and participating in legislative activity—has been contested by later scholars, his examination of organizational structures and the composition of the late Republic’s crowds is valuable. Like Lintott ...
Julius Caesar unit
Julius Caesar unit

... the coalition & the glue that held it together once tensions formed between Pompey and Crassus ...
PDF sample
PDF sample

... Like Tacitus, whom he may have known, he wrote his historical works rather late in life, during the period of the reigns of Trajan and Hadrian – a time when, after a long lapse, something in the nature of free speech (providing that the imperial idea was respected) was encouraged. Yet Plutarch, not ...
ancient rome from the earliest times down to
ancient rome from the earliest times down to

... So far as we know, the early inhabitants of Italy were divided into three races, the IAPYGIAN, ETRUSCAN, and ITALIAN. The IAPYGIANS were the first to settle in Italy. They probably came from the north, and were pushed south by later immigrations, until they were crowded into the southeastern corner ...
sample
sample

... ‘Avoid an unfamiliar word’, he used to say, ‘as a sailor avoids the rocks’ (Aulus Gellius Noctes Atticae 1.10.4). Of all his surviving work, which was apparently voluminous (DI 56), Caesar’s commentarii on his Gallic campaigns remain the best known and the most frequently referred to, and it is the ...
A General`s Self-Depiction: The Political
A General`s Self-Depiction: The Political

... beyond the limits of the Romans’ world.”14 Even though Britain was spectacularly far from Rome (both geographically and in the Roman imagination), it is only roughly twenty-five miles from Gaul and many of the Gallic tribes had received British auxiliaries in previous engagements against Caesar; tha ...
Was Caesar a man of the people or a power
Was Caesar a man of the people or a power

... “that nothing should be done or passed…that displeased any of them three.” The alliance became known as “The Triumvirate,” which meant a ruling group of three. 60 BC – Caesar and a man named Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus are elected as the consuls for the year. During his first session as consul, Caesar ...
History of Rome from the Earliest times down to 476 AD
History of Rome from the Earliest times down to 476 AD

... difficulties is through the Julian Alps on the east. It was over this pass that the Barbarians swept down in their invasions of the country. The Apennines, which are a continuation of the Alps, extend through the whole of the peninsula. Starting in the Maritime Alps, they extend easterly towards th ...
Cicero: Selected Letters
Cicero: Selected Letters

... republican loyalists and disgruntled place-seekers, had not planned ahead, and the Consul Mark Antony, who in Cicero’s opinion ought to have been eliminated along with his colleagu Caesar, soon made it evident that he intended to take Caesar’s place. The ‘liberators’ were driven out of Rome by mob v ...
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Comitium

The Comitium (Italian: Comizio) was the original open-air public meeting space of ancient Rome, and had major religious and prophetic significance. The name comes from the Latin word for ""assembly"". The Comitium location at the northwest corner of the Roman forum was later lost in the city's growth and development, but was rediscovered and excavated by archeologists at the turn of the twentieth century. Some of Rome's earliest monuments; including the speaking platform known as the Rostra, the Column Maenia, the Graecostasis and the Tabula valeria were part of or associated with the Comitium.The Comitium was the location for much of the political and judicial activity of Rome. It was the meeting place of the Curiate Assembly, the earliest Popular assembly of organised voting divisions of the republic. Later, during the Roman republic, the Tribal Assembly and Plebeian Assembly met there. The Comitium was in front of the meeting house of the Roman Senate - the still-existing Curia Julia and its predecessor, the Curia Hostilia. The curia is associated with the comitium by both Livy and Cicero.Most Roman cities had a similar comitium for public meetings (L. contiones) or assemblies for elections, councils and tribunals. As part of the forum, where temples, commerce, judicial, and city buildings were located, the comitium was the center of political activity. Romans tended to organize their needs into specific locations within the city. As the city grew, the larger Comitia Centuriata met on the Campus Martius, outside the city walls. The comitium remained of importance for formal elections of some magistrates; however, as their importance decayed after the end of the republic, so did the importance of the comitium.
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