OldExam 1
... A. They enhance binding to negatively charged cell constituents such as nucleic acids and cell surfaces B. They enhance binding to positively charged cell constituents such as nucleic acids and cell surfaces C. They cause them to be repelled by negatively charged cell constituents such as nucleic ac ...
... A. They enhance binding to negatively charged cell constituents such as nucleic acids and cell surfaces B. They enhance binding to positively charged cell constituents such as nucleic acids and cell surfaces C. They cause them to be repelled by negatively charged cell constituents such as nucleic ac ...
Shapes of Bacteria
... 1a. without a heavy cover (capsule) – Diplococcus meningitidis (spinal meningitis) 1b. with a heavy cover (capsule)—Diplococcus pneumoniae (pneumonia) 2a. large in size—Streptococcus pyogenes (tonsillitis) 2b. small in size—Streptococcus lactis (buttermilk) 3. Staphylococcus aureus (boils) Section I ...
... 1a. without a heavy cover (capsule) – Diplococcus meningitidis (spinal meningitis) 1b. with a heavy cover (capsule)—Diplococcus pneumoniae (pneumonia) 2a. large in size—Streptococcus pyogenes (tonsillitis) 2b. small in size—Streptococcus lactis (buttermilk) 3. Staphylococcus aureus (boils) Section I ...
L4 - Microbial Growth v4
... • What are the factors that influence bacteria growth? • Oxygen requirements • Nutrient requirements – Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorous ...
... • What are the factors that influence bacteria growth? • Oxygen requirements • Nutrient requirements – Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorous ...
L4 - Microbial Growth v3
... • What are the factors that influence bacteria growth? • Oxygen requirements • Nutrient requirements – Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorous ...
... • What are the factors that influence bacteria growth? • Oxygen requirements • Nutrient requirements – Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorous ...
The Structure within Cytoplasm
... the bacteria that are capable of motility. The bacterial flagellum can rotate both counterclockwise and clockwise. A protein switch in the molecular motor of the basal body controls rotation. Clockwise rotation results in a tumbling motion and changes the direction of bacterial movement. On the othe ...
... the bacteria that are capable of motility. The bacterial flagellum can rotate both counterclockwise and clockwise. A protein switch in the molecular motor of the basal body controls rotation. Clockwise rotation results in a tumbling motion and changes the direction of bacterial movement. On the othe ...
Pathogenic_Microorgansims_6
... • Obligate intracellular parasites – Must reproduce or replicate within cells – Lack metabolic enzymes; rely on host’s metabolic processes for survival – Do not have nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, and lysosomes; cannot synthesize proteins or generate energy – Do not multiply by binary fission or ...
... • Obligate intracellular parasites – Must reproduce or replicate within cells – Lack metabolic enzymes; rely on host’s metabolic processes for survival – Do not have nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, and lysosomes; cannot synthesize proteins or generate energy – Do not multiply by binary fission or ...
Chapter 1 Introduction to Microbiology
... Selective medium – contains additives that inhibit the growth of some bacteria while allowing others to grow Differential medium – contains additives that allow visualization of metabolic differences in bacteria ...
... Selective medium – contains additives that inhibit the growth of some bacteria while allowing others to grow Differential medium – contains additives that allow visualization of metabolic differences in bacteria ...
Ch 16 Powerpt - Plain Local Schools
... II. How Did Life Begin? A. The early Earth was able to produce organic molecules that are essential to life and this was duplicated by Stanley Miller B. Miller’s experiment was able to produce ...
... II. How Did Life Begin? A. The early Earth was able to produce organic molecules that are essential to life and this was duplicated by Stanley Miller B. Miller’s experiment was able to produce ...
Classification of Microorganisms:
... Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms that multiply by binary fission. Bacteria can be classified according to morphology, arrangement, and staining reaction into the following groups: 1- Filamentous bacteria: Streptomyces: antibiotic producers. 2- True bacteria: Cocci: Gram positive: ...
... Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms that multiply by binary fission. Bacteria can be classified according to morphology, arrangement, and staining reaction into the following groups: 1- Filamentous bacteria: Streptomyces: antibiotic producers. 2- True bacteria: Cocci: Gram positive: ...
The 6 Kingdoms of Life
... • Bacteria can cause ___________, while others are __________ by humans to process ____________. • Bacteria are used to _____________ agricultural __________, to produce various ___________, and perform _______________ engineering. • Some Bacteria obtain ____________ from inorganic compounds such as ...
... • Bacteria can cause ___________, while others are __________ by humans to process ____________. • Bacteria are used to _____________ agricultural __________, to produce various ___________, and perform _______________ engineering. • Some Bacteria obtain ____________ from inorganic compounds such as ...
Lecture 3.Prokaryotes
... They vary in how their cell membrane is protected – some species have specialized surface structures that protect them from their environment or that enable them to move Prokaryotes also show great diversity in the ways they obtain energy and in their metabolic activities Prokaryotic cells are bound ...
... They vary in how their cell membrane is protected – some species have specialized surface structures that protect them from their environment or that enable them to move Prokaryotes also show great diversity in the ways they obtain energy and in their metabolic activities Prokaryotic cells are bound ...
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
... Mutations can cause some bacteria to lose the ability to synthesize the cell wall and are called L forms. ...
... Mutations can cause some bacteria to lose the ability to synthesize the cell wall and are called L forms. ...
CLASSIFICATION,IDENTIFICATION OF MICRO
... The higher fungi of the class Basidomycetes (mushrooms),which produce fruiting structure of spores are not infectious for human or animals, although some species are poisonous. Pathogenic fungi can cause diseases ranging from skin infectious(superficial mycoses) to serious systemic infections(deep ...
... The higher fungi of the class Basidomycetes (mushrooms),which produce fruiting structure of spores are not infectious for human or animals, although some species are poisonous. Pathogenic fungi can cause diseases ranging from skin infectious(superficial mycoses) to serious systemic infections(deep ...
Evolution Notes #1
... life-giving property called active principle that enabled it to produce living things all the time ...
... life-giving property called active principle that enabled it to produce living things all the time ...
Honors Biology - WordPress.com
... entire colony then feeds on the nutrients. They can be found in soil, are thin rod shaped, gram-negative cells that exhibit self-organizing behavior as a response to environmental cues. The swarm, which has been compared to a "wolfpack," modifies its environment through stigmergy. This behavior faci ...
... entire colony then feeds on the nutrients. They can be found in soil, are thin rod shaped, gram-negative cells that exhibit self-organizing behavior as a response to environmental cues. The swarm, which has been compared to a "wolfpack," modifies its environment through stigmergy. This behavior faci ...
Bacteria and ArchaeBacteria
... • If the presence of oxygen kills these organisms, they are called obligate anaerobes. • A third group of bacteria can survive with or without oxygen and they are called facultative anaerobes. ...
... • If the presence of oxygen kills these organisms, they are called obligate anaerobes. • A third group of bacteria can survive with or without oxygen and they are called facultative anaerobes. ...
Cells/Organelles Case - Project
... Half a million people in American hospitals contract Staph infections each year. ...
... Half a million people in American hospitals contract Staph infections each year. ...
Viruses and Bacteria - Welcome to Mrs. Palmiter's World of
... Bacteriophages – Viruses that infect bacterial cells Portions of capsid adhere to specific receptor on the host cell Viral nucleic acid enters the cell Once inside, the virus takes over metabolic machinery of the host cell ...
... Bacteriophages – Viruses that infect bacterial cells Portions of capsid adhere to specific receptor on the host cell Viral nucleic acid enters the cell Once inside, the virus takes over metabolic machinery of the host cell ...
3 - Prokaryotes - Bacteria and Archaea - kyoussef-mci
... vs. a Gram-negative bacterium. What is the difference between a Gram-positive bacterium and a Gram-negative bacterium? What colour do each appear when stained? 5. Most pathogenic bacteria (disease-causing) are Gram-negative because of the different amino acids and sugars that are on their cell walls ...
... vs. a Gram-negative bacterium. What is the difference between a Gram-positive bacterium and a Gram-negative bacterium? What colour do each appear when stained? 5. Most pathogenic bacteria (disease-causing) are Gram-negative because of the different amino acids and sugars that are on their cell walls ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... 6. Viruses are considered as prokaryotes because they exhibit prokaryotic characteristics. 7. Bacterial ribosomes belong to 80s type. 8. Sex pili seldom involve in bacterial conjugation. 9. Dikaryotization in Puccinia graminis takes place during pycnidial stage. 10.Vaccines are used to prevent disea ...
... 6. Viruses are considered as prokaryotes because they exhibit prokaryotic characteristics. 7. Bacterial ribosomes belong to 80s type. 8. Sex pili seldom involve in bacterial conjugation. 9. Dikaryotization in Puccinia graminis takes place during pycnidial stage. 10.Vaccines are used to prevent disea ...
Chapter 12 Section 12_1 DNA
... R-strain bacteria. • Surprisingly, the injected mice developed pneumonia and many died • The lungs of these mice were filled with the disease-causing bacteria ...
... R-strain bacteria. • Surprisingly, the injected mice developed pneumonia and many died • The lungs of these mice were filled with the disease-causing bacteria ...
Bacteria
Bacteria (/bækˈtɪəriə/; singular: bacterium) constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep portions of Earth's crust. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationships with plants and animals. They are also known to have flourished in manned spacecraft.There are typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil and a million bacterial cells in a millilitre of fresh water. There are approximately 5×1030 bacteria on Earth, forming a biomass which exceeds that of all plants and animals. Bacteria are vital in recycling nutrients, with many of the stages in nutrient cycles dependent on these organisms, such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere and putrefaction. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. On 17 March 2013, researchers reported data that suggested bacterial life forms thrive in the Mariana Trench, which with a depth of up to 11 kilometres is the deepest part of the Earth's oceans. Other researchers reported related studies that microbes thrive inside rocks up to 580 metres below the sea floor under 2.6 kilometres of ocean off the coast of the northwestern United States. According to one of the researchers, ""You can find microbes everywhere — they're extremely adaptable to conditions, and survive wherever they are.""Most bacteria have not been characterized, and only about half of the phyla of bacteria have species that can be grown in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a branch of microbiology.There are approximately ten times as many bacterial cells in the human flora as there are human cells in the body, with the largest number of the human flora being in the gut flora, and a large number on the skin. The vast majority of the bacteria in the body are rendered harmless by the protective effects of the immune system, and some are beneficial. However, several species of bacteria are pathogenic and cause infectious diseases, including cholera, syphilis, anthrax, leprosy, and bubonic plague. The most common fatal bacterial diseases are respiratory infections, with tuberculosis alone killing about 2 million people per year, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. In developed countries, antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and are also used in farming, making antibiotic resistance a growing problem. In industry, bacteria are important in sewage treatment and the breakdown of oil spills, the production of cheese and yogurt through fermentation, and the recovery of gold, palladium, copper and other metals in the mining sector, as well as in biotechnology, and the manufacture of antibiotics and other chemicals.Once regarded as plants constituting the class Schizomycetes, bacteria are now classified as prokaryotes. Unlike cells of animals and other eukaryotes, bacterial cells do not contain a nucleus and rarely harbour membrane-bound organelles. Although the term bacteria traditionally included all prokaryotes, the scientific classification changed after the discovery in the 1990s that prokaryotes consist of two very different groups of organisms that evolved from an ancient common ancestor. These evolutionary domains are called Bacteria and Archaea.