mcb101 praxexam 3 F`10
... The oxidation of ammonia to nitrate is called denitrification. Some strains of Pseudomonas bacteria can reduce nitrates to nitrogen gas. The enzyme urease breaks down urea to ammonia and CO2. The breakdown of amino acids and other nitrogen-containing organic compounds to release ammonia is called mi ...
... The oxidation of ammonia to nitrate is called denitrification. Some strains of Pseudomonas bacteria can reduce nitrates to nitrogen gas. The enzyme urease breaks down urea to ammonia and CO2. The breakdown of amino acids and other nitrogen-containing organic compounds to release ammonia is called mi ...
Study the Genetic Basis of Some Morphological Characters for
... (9 isolates). The resistance of bacterial isolates were tested to 10 different antibiotics, 4 heavy metals and swarming phenomenon. The results showed that there are variation in their antibiotic resistance with range ratio (60-70)%, to heavy metals (70-80)% and all isolated display swarming phenome ...
... (9 isolates). The resistance of bacterial isolates were tested to 10 different antibiotics, 4 heavy metals and swarming phenomenon. The results showed that there are variation in their antibiotic resistance with range ratio (60-70)%, to heavy metals (70-80)% and all isolated display swarming phenome ...
Chapter 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
... Single circular chromosome (most bacteria)– genetic information is DNA Coiled around basic proteins, Not enclosed within a nuclear membrane Loosely attached to plasma membrane Plasmids – small circular pieces of dsDNA found in the cytoplasm o Independent of chromosomal DNA o About 5-100 ge ...
... Single circular chromosome (most bacteria)– genetic information is DNA Coiled around basic proteins, Not enclosed within a nuclear membrane Loosely attached to plasma membrane Plasmids – small circular pieces of dsDNA found in the cytoplasm o Independent of chromosomal DNA o About 5-100 ge ...
Bio 230 - Microbiology
... The enzymes this organism uses for aerobic respiration are similar to the enzymes found in other aerobic bacteria (Deckert et al. 1998). A. aeolicus requires oxygen from the air as an electron acceptor to oxidize hydrogen gas: 2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O ...
... The enzymes this organism uses for aerobic respiration are similar to the enzymes found in other aerobic bacteria (Deckert et al. 1998). A. aeolicus requires oxygen from the air as an electron acceptor to oxidize hydrogen gas: 2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O ...
Chapter 23
... botulism also used in botox injections Lactobacilli: sours milk; used in yogurt Bacillus anthracis: causes anthrax Actinomycetes: soil bacteria used to make many antibiotics ...
... botulism also used in botox injections Lactobacilli: sours milk; used in yogurt Bacillus anthracis: causes anthrax Actinomycetes: soil bacteria used to make many antibiotics ...
Bacteria and Archaea
... • Most prokaryotes are microscopic, but what they lack in size they make up for in numbers • There are more in a handful of fertile soil than the number of people who have ever lived • Prokaryotes are divided into two domains: bacteria and archaea ...
... • Most prokaryotes are microscopic, but what they lack in size they make up for in numbers • There are more in a handful of fertile soil than the number of people who have ever lived • Prokaryotes are divided into two domains: bacteria and archaea ...
Horseshoe crabs LAL
... As water enters the cells, the cells expand and eventually rupture, or lyse. As the cell bursts, the clotting granules or coagulogens contained within the blood cell are released into the solution. Coagulogens are then isolated from the solution and freeze-dried to an easily-packaged powder. This po ...
... As water enters the cells, the cells expand and eventually rupture, or lyse. As the cell bursts, the clotting granules or coagulogens contained within the blood cell are released into the solution. Coagulogens are then isolated from the solution and freeze-dried to an easily-packaged powder. This po ...
A1989R337900002
... are known. Most of them are found among Gram-positive bacteria. In order to establish the value of the peptidoglycan structure as a taxonomic criterion, it was necessary to demonstrate its phenotypic stability and to determine whether structural changes, dependent on the growth phase or environmenta ...
... are known. Most of them are found among Gram-positive bacteria. In order to establish the value of the peptidoglycan structure as a taxonomic criterion, it was necessary to demonstrate its phenotypic stability and to determine whether structural changes, dependent on the growth phase or environmenta ...
What Are the Effects of Ultraviolet Light on Bacteria Mortality?
... medium. The samples were plated. Half of each disk was exposed to ultraviolet light and half of each plate was shielded, so that each plate would serve as its own control. The experiment was repeated using only the Serratia marcescens strain and shorter lengths of exposure times (15 seconds, 30 seco ...
... medium. The samples were plated. Half of each disk was exposed to ultraviolet light and half of each plate was shielded, so that each plate would serve as its own control. The experiment was repeated using only the Serratia marcescens strain and shorter lengths of exposure times (15 seconds, 30 seco ...
Bio426Lecture26Apr5
... Assimilation of mineral nutrients (Chapter 12) Incorporation of inorganic forms of essential elements into organic compounds necessary for growth and development. Nitrogen assimilation is quantitatively the most important and is energetically expensive. Two main ways that plants get reduced N 1. Ass ...
... Assimilation of mineral nutrients (Chapter 12) Incorporation of inorganic forms of essential elements into organic compounds necessary for growth and development. Nitrogen assimilation is quantitatively the most important and is energetically expensive. Two main ways that plants get reduced N 1. Ass ...
Unit 1 - The Microbial World: Surprising and Stunning
... shape of bacterial cells, or how a particular virus is shaped. We can tell if the organism has spores, or flagella, or other body parts that are distinguishing. 2. Differential Staining – organisms can be stained with a stain that places it, depending on how it stains, in one group or another. And o ...
... shape of bacterial cells, or how a particular virus is shaped. We can tell if the organism has spores, or flagella, or other body parts that are distinguishing. 2. Differential Staining – organisms can be stained with a stain that places it, depending on how it stains, in one group or another. And o ...
Funky Fomites and Aseptic Microbiology
... bacteria have a cell wall made primarily of lipopolysaccharide. The gram-negative cell wall is similar to a cytoplasmic membrane, typically only a few layers thick and generally much thinner than gram-positive types. Many species of gram-negative bacteria are pathogenic. This pathogenic capability i ...
... bacteria have a cell wall made primarily of lipopolysaccharide. The gram-negative cell wall is similar to a cytoplasmic membrane, typically only a few layers thick and generally much thinner than gram-positive types. Many species of gram-negative bacteria are pathogenic. This pathogenic capability i ...
Using serial dilutions and plating to establish viable bacterial cell
... Scientists use a number of different methods to determine the number of microorganisms that are present in a given population. This can be accomplished by using the spectrophotometer to measure the optical density of the population, by directly counting the microorganisms using a haemocytometer, or ...
... Scientists use a number of different methods to determine the number of microorganisms that are present in a given population. This can be accomplished by using the spectrophotometer to measure the optical density of the population, by directly counting the microorganisms using a haemocytometer, or ...
In India, the production of penicillin is carried out by Hindustan
... Sulpha drugs are synthetic antibiotics whose general formula is as follows. ...
... Sulpha drugs are synthetic antibiotics whose general formula is as follows. ...
Prokaryotic Organisms
... A) Aerobic Chemolithoautotrophs – obtain energy by oxidizing reduced inorganic chemicals and require oxygen as the final acceptor; usually Archaea 1) Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria – found in sewage polluted waters and have been identified as being a major cause of bioleaching after strip mining activiti ...
... A) Aerobic Chemolithoautotrophs – obtain energy by oxidizing reduced inorganic chemicals and require oxygen as the final acceptor; usually Archaea 1) Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria – found in sewage polluted waters and have been identified as being a major cause of bioleaching after strip mining activiti ...
Practice Exam 3 - life.illinois.edu
... The oxidation of ammonia to nitrate is called denitrification. Some strains of Pseudomonas bacteria can reduce nitrates to nitrogen gas. The enzyme urease breaks down urea to ammonia and CO2. The breakdown of amino acids and other nitrogen-containing organic compounds to release ammonia is called mi ...
... The oxidation of ammonia to nitrate is called denitrification. Some strains of Pseudomonas bacteria can reduce nitrates to nitrogen gas. The enzyme urease breaks down urea to ammonia and CO2. The breakdown of amino acids and other nitrogen-containing organic compounds to release ammonia is called mi ...
Burn Injuries - TOP Recommended Websites
... • Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) which is selective for Gram (+) bacteria and differential for mannitol ...
... • Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) which is selective for Gram (+) bacteria and differential for mannitol ...
ANTIMICROBIALS 1
... Antimicrobials usually attack a microorganism at these sites: cell wall, cell membrane, ribosomes, critical enzymes/metabolites, nucleic acids ◦ Interfere with the ability to form its cell wall during cellular division. ◦ Damage the cell membrane during or after cell division. ◦ Interfere with prot ...
... Antimicrobials usually attack a microorganism at these sites: cell wall, cell membrane, ribosomes, critical enzymes/metabolites, nucleic acids ◦ Interfere with the ability to form its cell wall during cellular division. ◦ Damage the cell membrane during or after cell division. ◦ Interfere with prot ...
prokaryotic cells
... F. In acid-fast bacteria, the cell wall consists mainly of lipids, some of which are true waxes, and some of which are glycolipids. G. Some bacteria have no cell walls. One species is Mycoplasma and shows various shapes and forms. H. Cell walls are controlled by Penicillin (blocks formation of cell ...
... F. In acid-fast bacteria, the cell wall consists mainly of lipids, some of which are true waxes, and some of which are glycolipids. G. Some bacteria have no cell walls. One species is Mycoplasma and shows various shapes and forms. H. Cell walls are controlled by Penicillin (blocks formation of cell ...
Test eng
... 1. Each of the following statements concerning the surface structures of bacteria is correct EXCEPT: A. Pili mediate the interaction of bacteria with mucosal epithelium B. Polysaccharide capsules retard phagocytosis C. Both gram-negative rods and cocci have lipopolysaccharide ("endotoxin") in their ...
... 1. Each of the following statements concerning the surface structures of bacteria is correct EXCEPT: A. Pili mediate the interaction of bacteria with mucosal epithelium B. Polysaccharide capsules retard phagocytosis C. Both gram-negative rods and cocci have lipopolysaccharide ("endotoxin") in their ...
Antibacterials
... Overprescription can also have these results. Helpful bacteria in the alimentary canal can be wiped out by antibiotics and can be replaced by more harmful strains of the same bacteria. When antibiotics are used extensively, the few bacteria that survive pass on their resistance when they reprodu ...
... Overprescription can also have these results. Helpful bacteria in the alimentary canal can be wiped out by antibiotics and can be replaced by more harmful strains of the same bacteria. When antibiotics are used extensively, the few bacteria that survive pass on their resistance when they reprodu ...
Medical Bacteriology ( 460 MIC) lecture 1 Bacterial
... •Hyaluronidase. produced by streptococci. staphylococci, and clostridia. The enzyme attacks the ground substance of connective tissue by depolymerizing hyaluronic acid. •Collagenase. Produced by Clostridium perfringens. It breaks down collagen, the framework of muscles, which facilitates gas gangren ...
... •Hyaluronidase. produced by streptococci. staphylococci, and clostridia. The enzyme attacks the ground substance of connective tissue by depolymerizing hyaluronic acid. •Collagenase. Produced by Clostridium perfringens. It breaks down collagen, the framework of muscles, which facilitates gas gangren ...
Slides
... random and not iden/cal among the experiments (Ø bead displacement over 6 s was 92±35 µm) • Possible reasons: random run and tumble behavior since the beads were pipehed onto the swarm plate, the quan/ty, orienta/on, and spacing of the adhered bacteria were not controlled ...
... random and not iden/cal among the experiments (Ø bead displacement over 6 s was 92±35 µm) • Possible reasons: random run and tumble behavior since the beads were pipehed onto the swarm plate, the quan/ty, orienta/on, and spacing of the adhered bacteria were not controlled ...
Bacteria
Bacteria (/bækˈtɪəriə/; singular: bacterium) constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep portions of Earth's crust. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationships with plants and animals. They are also known to have flourished in manned spacecraft.There are typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil and a million bacterial cells in a millilitre of fresh water. There are approximately 5×1030 bacteria on Earth, forming a biomass which exceeds that of all plants and animals. Bacteria are vital in recycling nutrients, with many of the stages in nutrient cycles dependent on these organisms, such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere and putrefaction. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. On 17 March 2013, researchers reported data that suggested bacterial life forms thrive in the Mariana Trench, which with a depth of up to 11 kilometres is the deepest part of the Earth's oceans. Other researchers reported related studies that microbes thrive inside rocks up to 580 metres below the sea floor under 2.6 kilometres of ocean off the coast of the northwestern United States. According to one of the researchers, ""You can find microbes everywhere — they're extremely adaptable to conditions, and survive wherever they are.""Most bacteria have not been characterized, and only about half of the phyla of bacteria have species that can be grown in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a branch of microbiology.There are approximately ten times as many bacterial cells in the human flora as there are human cells in the body, with the largest number of the human flora being in the gut flora, and a large number on the skin. The vast majority of the bacteria in the body are rendered harmless by the protective effects of the immune system, and some are beneficial. However, several species of bacteria are pathogenic and cause infectious diseases, including cholera, syphilis, anthrax, leprosy, and bubonic plague. The most common fatal bacterial diseases are respiratory infections, with tuberculosis alone killing about 2 million people per year, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. In developed countries, antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and are also used in farming, making antibiotic resistance a growing problem. In industry, bacteria are important in sewage treatment and the breakdown of oil spills, the production of cheese and yogurt through fermentation, and the recovery of gold, palladium, copper and other metals in the mining sector, as well as in biotechnology, and the manufacture of antibiotics and other chemicals.Once regarded as plants constituting the class Schizomycetes, bacteria are now classified as prokaryotes. Unlike cells of animals and other eukaryotes, bacterial cells do not contain a nucleus and rarely harbour membrane-bound organelles. Although the term bacteria traditionally included all prokaryotes, the scientific classification changed after the discovery in the 1990s that prokaryotes consist of two very different groups of organisms that evolved from an ancient common ancestor. These evolutionary domains are called Bacteria and Archaea.