Two Summers in the UCSC Science Internship Program
... well as another high school student who was my partner. ...
... well as another high school student who was my partner. ...
12-1 MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS
... Some neutron stars called magnetars are powered by intense magnetic fields. This may explain the anomalous X-ray pulsars, which are energetic but rotate slowly. Shifts in these magnetic fields can break the rigid crust and may explain the soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGR). ...
... Some neutron stars called magnetars are powered by intense magnetic fields. This may explain the anomalous X-ray pulsars, which are energetic but rotate slowly. Shifts in these magnetic fields can break the rigid crust and may explain the soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGR). ...
Slide 1
... Type II Supernovae – 3. In the process of a supernova explosion, the temperatures are briefly so high (billions of OK) that elements heavier than iron can be produced. Remember, we can't get energy by fusing an iron nucleus with another nucleus, but who's to say we can't provide enough energy to ma ...
... Type II Supernovae – 3. In the process of a supernova explosion, the temperatures are briefly so high (billions of OK) that elements heavier than iron can be produced. Remember, we can't get energy by fusing an iron nucleus with another nucleus, but who's to say we can't provide enough energy to ma ...
bildstencifar2010
... Bright Supernovae powered by Magnetars • We don’t need extreme rotation or B to modify the core collapse event • Maximum radiated luminosity is set by rotation, and some expansion losses, to 1052 ergs. • Events as bright as 2005ap and 2008es should be <<10% of all core collapse events, as they requ ...
... Bright Supernovae powered by Magnetars • We don’t need extreme rotation or B to modify the core collapse event • Maximum radiated luminosity is set by rotation, and some expansion losses, to 1052 ergs. • Events as bright as 2005ap and 2008es should be <<10% of all core collapse events, as they requ ...
plasmas and fusion reactions
... related to the behavior of the plasma like a living cell. A plasma is known to protect itself from the environment by a double-layer or plasma sheath, in the same way that a living biological cell protects itself with a cell wall from its environment. In its most general sense, as defined by Boyd an ...
... related to the behavior of the plasma like a living cell. A plasma is known to protect itself from the environment by a double-layer or plasma sheath, in the same way that a living biological cell protects itself with a cell wall from its environment. In its most general sense, as defined by Boyd an ...
Chapter 30 Review
... pulsation, astronomers can determine its luminosity and calculate how far away a variable star must be to appear as dim or as bright as it does. ...
... pulsation, astronomers can determine its luminosity and calculate how far away a variable star must be to appear as dim or as bright as it does. ...
Into the sub-mm
... Andrew Blain (MRAO) followed with a discussion of the results of a SCUBA pilot survey for previously unknown galaxies. The results and implications of Smail, Ivison and Blain’s observations of distant lensing clusters, revealing the first sub-millimetre selected objects (including a redshift 2 galax ...
... Andrew Blain (MRAO) followed with a discussion of the results of a SCUBA pilot survey for previously unknown galaxies. The results and implications of Smail, Ivison and Blain’s observations of distant lensing clusters, revealing the first sub-millimetre selected objects (including a redshift 2 galax ...
Distances of the Stars
... The smallest parallax measurable from the ground is about 0.01-arcsec • Measure distances out to ~100 pc • Get 10% distances only to a few parsecs. • But, only a few hundred stars this close ...
... The smallest parallax measurable from the ground is about 0.01-arcsec • Measure distances out to ~100 pc • Get 10% distances only to a few parsecs. • But, only a few hundred stars this close ...
Pulsars - Chabot College
... accidentally discovered a pulsing radio source Sharp pulse every 1.3 sec. ~1000 light years away Called it a “pulsar”, but what was it? ...
... accidentally discovered a pulsing radio source Sharp pulse every 1.3 sec. ~1000 light years away Called it a “pulsar”, but what was it? ...
Comments
... We address the origin of the robust bi-modality in galaxies about a critical stellar mass ~3x10^10 Msol. Less massive galaxies tend to be ungrouped blue star-forming discs correlated along a fundamental line. More massive galaxies are typically grouped red oldstar spheroids on a fundamental plane ho ...
... We address the origin of the robust bi-modality in galaxies about a critical stellar mass ~3x10^10 Msol. Less massive galaxies tend to be ungrouped blue star-forming discs correlated along a fundamental line. More massive galaxies are typically grouped red oldstar spheroids on a fundamental plane ho ...
Activity 1 - Galaxies
... of a balloon, all galaxies are moving apart from each other, there is no centre!). Matter was thrown out in all directions forming stars and galaxies. Both Space and time were created in the Big Bang. However the Big Bang theory had some competition… ...
... of a balloon, all galaxies are moving apart from each other, there is no centre!). Matter was thrown out in all directions forming stars and galaxies. Both Space and time were created in the Big Bang. However the Big Bang theory had some competition… ...
Lecture 2: ppt, 5 MB
... way to the moon! Chandra can observe X-rays from clouds of gas so vast that it takes light five million years to go from one side to the other! During maneuvers from one target to the next, Chandra slews more slowly than the minute hand on a clock. At 45 feet long, Chandra is the largest satel ...
... way to the moon! Chandra can observe X-rays from clouds of gas so vast that it takes light five million years to go from one side to the other! During maneuvers from one target to the next, Chandra slews more slowly than the minute hand on a clock. At 45 feet long, Chandra is the largest satel ...
astronomy
... Describe the energy balance and pressure balance in main sequence stars. Describe the origins of the different chemical elements and the importance of supernovas to new generations of stars. Explain how the process of star formation depends on stellar mass. Explain why stars evolve off the main sequ ...
... Describe the energy balance and pressure balance in main sequence stars. Describe the origins of the different chemical elements and the importance of supernovas to new generations of stars. Explain how the process of star formation depends on stellar mass. Explain why stars evolve off the main sequ ...
Probing the high- energy universe What is the Cherenkov Telescope
... Probing the highenergy universe The Universe is full of high energy particles. They come from cosmic bodies such as remnants of supernova explosions, binary stars, jets around black holes in distant galaxies, star formation regions in our own Galaxy and many other violent phenomena. Hunting for such ...
... Probing the highenergy universe The Universe is full of high energy particles. They come from cosmic bodies such as remnants of supernova explosions, binary stars, jets around black holes in distant galaxies, star formation regions in our own Galaxy and many other violent phenomena. Hunting for such ...
star-formation rate
... explosions and stellar winds. The fraction α = (1− R) of a newly-formed stellar population remains enclosed in stars, i.e., it no longer takes part in the further chemical evolution of the ISM. The value of α depends on the IMF of the stellar population and can be computed from models of population ...
... explosions and stellar winds. The fraction α = (1− R) of a newly-formed stellar population remains enclosed in stars, i.e., it no longer takes part in the further chemical evolution of the ISM. The value of α depends on the IMF of the stellar population and can be computed from models of population ...
Talk - Otterbein University
... Cepheids and RR Lyrae: Yard-Sticks • Normal stars undergoing a phase of instability • Cepheids are more massive and brighter than RR Lyrae • Note: all RR Lyrae have the same luminosity • Apparent brightness thus tells us the distance to them! – Recall: B L/d2 ...
... Cepheids and RR Lyrae: Yard-Sticks • Normal stars undergoing a phase of instability • Cepheids are more massive and brighter than RR Lyrae • Note: all RR Lyrae have the same luminosity • Apparent brightness thus tells us the distance to them! – Recall: B L/d2 ...
HESS-II, an observatory for very high energies, proves its worth
... 11000 year old Vela pulsar, with a period of 89 milliseconds, i.e. at exactly that of the sar, shows that H.E.S.S. is now able to explore the most extreme phenomena in the neighbourhood of pulsars not only within their ...
... 11000 year old Vela pulsar, with a period of 89 milliseconds, i.e. at exactly that of the sar, shows that H.E.S.S. is now able to explore the most extreme phenomena in the neighbourhood of pulsars not only within their ...
The Milky Way - Montgomery College
... Measuring the Mass of the Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way By following the orbits of individual stars near the center of the Milky Way, the mass of the central black hole could be determined to be ~ 2.6 million ...
... Measuring the Mass of the Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way By following the orbits of individual stars near the center of the Milky Way, the mass of the central black hole could be determined to be ~ 2.6 million ...
The resolved stellar populations of M32 Monachesi, Antonela
... morphology into two main groups: spirals and ellipticals (see Fig. 1). Spiral galaxies have bright and dusty spiral arms winding toward a bright bulge at their center. Our own Milky Way is an example of a typical spiral galaxy. Elliptical galaxies, on the other hand, have an ellipsoidal shape and ap ...
... morphology into two main groups: spirals and ellipticals (see Fig. 1). Spiral galaxies have bright and dusty spiral arms winding toward a bright bulge at their center. Our own Milky Way is an example of a typical spiral galaxy. Elliptical galaxies, on the other hand, have an ellipsoidal shape and ap ...
HST Key Project to Measure the Hubble Constant from
... Should have same luminosity because come from stars of same mass that explode in same way Determine true luminosity by using CVs to measure distance to galaxies Confirm L of all WD SNs are about the same BRIGHT: 10 bill solar luminosities at peak, detect ~ 10 bill lt-yrs away But, occur only once ev ...
... Should have same luminosity because come from stars of same mass that explode in same way Determine true luminosity by using CVs to measure distance to galaxies Confirm L of all WD SNs are about the same BRIGHT: 10 bill solar luminosities at peak, detect ~ 10 bill lt-yrs away But, occur only once ev ...
Galaxies and the Universe bb
... • Outermost stars move the slowest • Sun rotates around the galactic nucleus once about every 200 million years ...
... • Outermost stars move the slowest • Sun rotates around the galactic nucleus once about every 200 million years ...
Stars and Galaxies
... • Prominences – solar storm, seen as huge bright arches/loops of gas • Solar Flares – solar storm, bright bursts of light on sun’s surface – Lasts less than 1 hour ...
... • Prominences – solar storm, seen as huge bright arches/loops of gas • Solar Flares – solar storm, bright bursts of light on sun’s surface – Lasts less than 1 hour ...
Gamma-ray burst
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are flashes of gamma rays associated with extremely energetic explosions that have been observed in distant galaxies. They are the brightest electromagnetic events known to occur in the universe. Bursts can last from ten milliseconds to several hours. The initial burst is usually followed by a longer-lived ""afterglow"" emitted at longer wavelengths (X-ray, ultraviolet, optical, infrared, microwave and radio).Most observed GRBs are believed to consist of a narrow beam of intense radiation released during a supernova or hypernova as a rapidly rotating, high-mass star collapses to form a neutron star, quark star, or black hole. A subclass of GRBs (the ""short"" bursts) appear to originate from a different process – this may be due to the merger of binary neutron stars. The cause of the precursor burst observed in some of these short events may be due to the development of a resonance between the crust and core of such stars as a result of the massive tidal forces experienced in the seconds leading up to their collision, causing the entire crust of the star to shatter.The sources of most GRBs are billions of light years away from Earth, implying that the explosions are both extremely energetic (a typical burst releases as much energy in a few seconds as the Sun will in its entire 10-billion-year lifetime) and extremely rare (a few per galaxy per million years). All observed GRBs have originated from outside the Milky Way galaxy, although a related class of phenomena, soft gamma repeater flares, are associated with magnetars within the Milky Way. It has been hypothesized that a gamma-ray burst in the Milky Way, pointing directly towards the Earth, could cause a mass extinction event.GRBs were first detected in 1967 by the Vela satellites, a series of satellites designed to detect covert nuclear weapons tests. Hundreds of theoretical models were proposed to explain these bursts in the years following their discovery, such as collisions between comets and neutron stars. Little information was available to verify these models until the 1997 detection of the first X-ray and optical afterglows and direct measurement of their redshifts using optical spectroscopy, and thus their distances and energy outputs. These discoveries, and subsequent studies of the galaxies and supernovae associated with the bursts, clarified the distance and luminosity of GRBs. These facts definitively placed them in distant galaxies and also connected long GRBs with the explosion of massive stars, the only possible source for the energy outputs observed.