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MPLS Bandwidth Assured Layer 2 Services
MPLS Bandwidth Assured Layer 2 Services

... Single-cell relay & packed-cell relay – VC & VP mode Ethernet over MPLS – Port mode Frame Relay to ATM/Ethernet/PPP/HDLC interworking Ethernet to ATM interworking Traffic engineering & fast reroute for Layer 2 Fast reroute support for AToM TE tunnel selection for AToM VCs ...
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... From a Computer Science viewpoint, the physical transmission of information through a wire is often considered as a black box that allows to transmit bits. This black box is often referred to as the physical layer service and is represented by using the DATA.request and DATA.indication primitives in ...
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... SNMP version 3 provides security features such as authentication (verifying that the request comes from a genuine source), privacy (encryption of data), authorization (verifying that the user allows the requested operation), and access control (verifying that the user has access to the objects reque ...
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... graph is a permutation graph whose node degree is (n – 1) with n! nodes. The star graph, being regular and vertex (edge) symmetric, is asymptotically superior to the HC. In spite of these improved features, the n-star has a major disadvantage, which is that it grows to its next highest level by a ve ...
Distance Vector Routing Protocols
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OS6850 AOS 6.4.3 R01 Release Notes
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... Remark: Signaling between the end-system and the ATM switch usually takes place over VPI=0 and VCI=5, although this is not always the case. If we implement a feature such as SVC tunneling, the signaling channel will often be over a VPI =/ 0. Also, some proprietary UNI and NNI protocols use VCI =/5 f ...
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... • Used to connect routers to external networks, usually over a larger geographical distance. • The Layer 2 encapsulation can be different types (PPP, Frame Relay, HDLC (High-Level Data Link Control) ). • Similar to LAN interfaces, each WAN interface has its own IP address and subnet mask, making it ...
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Piggybacking (Internet access)

Piggybacking on Internet access is the practice of establishing a wireless Internet connection by using another subscriber's wireless Internet access service without the subscriber's explicit permission or knowledge. It is a legally and ethically controversial practice, with laws that vary by jurisdiction around the world. While completely outlawed or regulated in some places, it is permitted in others.A customer of a business providing hotspot service, such as a hotel or café, is generally not considered to be piggybacking, though non-customers or those outside the premises who are simply in reach may be. Many such locations provide wireless Internet access as a free or paid-for courtesy to their patrons or simply to draw people to the area. Others near the premises may be able to gain access.Piggybacking is distinct from wardriving, which involves only the logging or mapping of the existence of access points.
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