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4.3 A NOTE ON SUPERCONDUCTIVITY Metals • The definitive
4.3 A NOTE ON SUPERCONDUCTIVITY Metals • The definitive

... When a phonon interacts with a member of the Cooper pair to change its momentum, an equal and opposite change occurs in the other member of the pair with the reemission of a phonon to the lattice…no net change in momentum (no resistance)! The interaction of one electron of a Cooper pair with the lat ...
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... located on the outer edges of atoms…they can be moved.  A concentration of electrons in an atom creates a net negative charge.  If electrons are stripped away, the atom becomes positively charged. ...
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... Tc--> 0 • spike in specific heat at Tc • indicates phase transition; energy gap between conducting and superconducting phases. And what the energy difference is • plasma -> gas -> liquid -> solid -> superconductor ...
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... 2. Electron motion. Important when there are many free electrons, e.g. metals 3. Radiation. When the material does not absorb the radiation. Depends on the material composition, the presence of defects, the temperature and the wavelength of the radiation. Zero for metals. Sometimes important for cer ...
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Electrical Resistance II
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... • An extremely pure crystal of copper has a very low resistance if it’s really cooled down…. • This is the clue: they are deflected by thermal vibrations of the lattice—resistance increases with temperature. • The electrons also bounce off impurities, but can pass through a pure cold lattice like li ...
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... • The drift speed is extremely low. It would take the electron 68 minutes to travel 1 meter! In comparison, the average speed of the chaotic movement is of the order of 106 m/s. • So we have currents of the order of 1012 A running in random directions and so compensating themselves and relatively a ...
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... transfer of charge from the positive terminal. – Most house circuits are grounded as a safety precaution so that any excess charge goes to the ground and not back into the circuit where it does not belong and may do damage. ...
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... 4 0 0 when forming a solid solution of two metals … i.e. one metal is the “host” (and the other the “impurity”, 3 0 0 addition of the “impurity” metal will cause an then the increase in the resistivity and make the total resistivity ...
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... Resistivity and Conductivity Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) quantifies how strongly a given material opposes the flow of electric current. Electrical conductivity or specific conductance is the reciprocal of electrical resis ...
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... 3. A flat aluminum strip has a resistivity of 3.44 × 10−8 (Ω − m), a cross-sectional area of 2 × 10−4 mm2 , and a length of 5 mm. What is the voltage drop across the strip for a current of 50 mA. 4. For the aluminum strip described above in Prob.2, what current exists if the voltage across the strip ...
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Electrical resistivity and conductivity

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