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chapter #5 notes final
chapter #5 notes final

... Make clear that you know they want to end their pain- but suicide is not the answer. Ask if they have a specific plan and means to follow through with it. Suggest they talk to a trusted adult. ...
Mod 65: Introduction to Psychological Disorders
Mod 65: Introduction to Psychological Disorders

... See text in regards to autism & Aspergers as well as other types of disorders When Myers discusses “disruptive mood dysregulation disorder”, the disorder was actually developed to decrease the amount of children being diagnosed as bipolar Besides “labeling” people, DSM is not exact--question validit ...
Psy 3604
Psy 3604

... 6. Be able to describe the role of stressful life events in mood disorders. 7. Be able to recognize and describe the features of Beck’s cognitive triad for depression. 8. Be able to compare and contrast Seligman’s learned helplessness theory of depression and Beck’s cognitive triad theory. 9. Be abl ...
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Overheads – Abnormal Psychology
Overheads – Abnormal Psychology

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Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders Tip Sheet
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Combination Atypical Antipsychotics in Adolescents or
Combination Atypical Antipsychotics in Adolescents or

... mania can also lead to immediate hospitalization or involuntary committal under the Mental Health Act. Symptoms associated with depression can lead to increased rates of suicide and suicide ideation.1 Bipolar disorder with psychotic features refers to manic or depressive episodes including psychotic ...
Bipolar Disorders
Bipolar Disorders

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Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Depression and Anxiety

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Bipolar Disorder: A Review - International Journal of Research in
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... this age and improperly labeled as a behavioral problem. Bipolar disorder may not be properly diagnosed until the sufferer is 25-40 years old, at which time the pattern of symptoms may become clearer. Bipolar disorder occurs in both men and women. Because of the extreme and risky behavior that goes ...
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Section III - American Psychiatric Association
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bipolar disorder - Mood Disorders Association of Manitoba
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Bipolar disorder



Bipolar disorder, also known as bipolar affective disorder and manic-depressive illness, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of elevated mood and periods of depression. The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania depending on the severity or whether there is psychosis. During mania an individual feels or acts abnormally happy, energetic, or irritable. They often make poorly thought out decisions with little regard to the consequences. The need for sleep is usually reduced. During periods of depression there may be crying, poor eye contact with others, and a negative outlook on life. The risk of suicide among those with the disorder is high at greater than 6% over 20 years, while self harm occurs in 30–40%. Other mental health issues such as anxiety disorder and substance use disorder are commonly associated.The cause is not clearly understood, but both genetic and environmental factors play a role. Many genes of small effect contribute to risk. Environmental factors include long term stress and a history of childhood abuse. It is divided into bipolar I disorder if there is at least one manic episode and bipolar II disorder if there are at least one hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode. In those with less severe symptoms of a prolonged duration the condition cyclothymic disorder may be present. If due to drugs or medical problems it is classified separately. Other conditions that may present in a similar manner include substance use disorder, personality disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia as well as a number of medical conditions.Treatment commonly includes psychotherapy and medications such as mood stabilizers or antipsychotics. Examples of mood stabilizers that are commonly used include lithium and anticonvulsants. Treatment in hospital against a person's wishes may be required at times as people may be a risk to themselves or others yet refuse treatment. Severe behavioural problems may be managed with short term benzodiazepines or antipsychotics. In periods of mania it is recommended that antidepressants be stopped. If antidepressants are used for periods of depression they should be used with a mood stabilizer. Electroconvulsive therapy may be helpful in those who do not respond to other treatments. If treatments are stopped it is recommended that this be done slowly. Many people have social, financial, or work-related problems due to the disorder. These difficulties occur a quarter to a third of the time on average. The risk of death from natural causes such as heart disease is twice that of the general population. This is due to poor lifestyle choices and the side effects from medications.About 3% of people in the United States have bipolar disorder at some point in their life. Lower rates of around 1% are found in other countries. The most common age at which symptoms begin is 25. Rates appear to be similar in males as females. The economic costs of the disorder has been estimated at $45 billion for the United States in 1991. A large proportion of this was related to a higher number of missed work days, estimated at 50 per year. People with bipolar disorder often face problems with social stigma.
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