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Irritable mood and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Irritable mood and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental

... Background: The terms 'irritable mood' and 'irritability' have been applied to describe and define a variety of different categories in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). More precise diagnostic terms and concepts are needed. Methods: A concise critical historical revie ...
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... One complexity is related to timing is the age at which the symptoms began. Kids are more likely to feel irritable and angry than sad or euphoric. Kids are not as able as adults to verbalize feeling states. They know that they feel bad, but they may not be able to be more specific. Children do not h ...
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4468 ANXIETY DISORDERS - PANIC DISORDER

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... A. Disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality states, which may be described in some cultures as an experience of possession. The disruption in identity involves marked discontinuity in sense of self and sense of agency, accompanied by related alterations in affect, beh ...
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If you have a ct seeking services that has a chief complaint of anger

... People with BIPOLAR D/O or CYCLOTHYMIA can quickly get angry during a manic or hypomanic phase when their wishes are thwarted. Such anger is usually out of character for them when they are not manic. People with ADHD-hyperactive/impulsivity type have a low frustration tolerance which results in freq ...
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No Slide Title

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... causes strange thinking, abnormal feelings, and unusual behavior. It is uncommon in children and hard to recognize in its early stages. Adult behavior often differs from that of teens and children. ...
V. 기분장애(Mood Disorders)
V. 기분장애(Mood Disorders)

... - An occurrence of just one isolated depressive episode in a lifetime is rare major depressive disorder, recurrent - If two or more major depressive episodes were occurred and were separated by at least two months during which the individual was not depressed - repeats recovering and relapse lifelon ...
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... Depression is the “common cold” of psychological disorders. It is the leading cause of disability worldwide affecting 5.8% of men and 9.5% of women report depression in a given year (WHO, 2002). To feel bad as a reaction to sad events is a normal response. But prolonged, this can become maladaptive. ...
What is Panic Disorder? - School Based Behavioral Health
What is Panic Disorder? - School Based Behavioral Health

... unrelenting fear of having another attack,  worry over the attacks’ consequences, or  considerable behavior changes to minimize future attacks. ...
Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety Disorders

... • Often they last only 10 –15 minutes? • Are they associated with anything or do they come out of the blue? • Do you get anxious when you anticipate the possibility of a panic attack? ...
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Bipolar disorder



Bipolar disorder, also known as bipolar affective disorder and manic-depressive illness, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of elevated mood and periods of depression. The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania depending on the severity or whether there is psychosis. During mania an individual feels or acts abnormally happy, energetic, or irritable. They often make poorly thought out decisions with little regard to the consequences. The need for sleep is usually reduced. During periods of depression there may be crying, poor eye contact with others, and a negative outlook on life. The risk of suicide among those with the disorder is high at greater than 6% over 20 years, while self harm occurs in 30–40%. Other mental health issues such as anxiety disorder and substance use disorder are commonly associated.The cause is not clearly understood, but both genetic and environmental factors play a role. Many genes of small effect contribute to risk. Environmental factors include long term stress and a history of childhood abuse. It is divided into bipolar I disorder if there is at least one manic episode and bipolar II disorder if there are at least one hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode. In those with less severe symptoms of a prolonged duration the condition cyclothymic disorder may be present. If due to drugs or medical problems it is classified separately. Other conditions that may present in a similar manner include substance use disorder, personality disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia as well as a number of medical conditions.Treatment commonly includes psychotherapy and medications such as mood stabilizers or antipsychotics. Examples of mood stabilizers that are commonly used include lithium and anticonvulsants. Treatment in hospital against a person's wishes may be required at times as people may be a risk to themselves or others yet refuse treatment. Severe behavioural problems may be managed with short term benzodiazepines or antipsychotics. In periods of mania it is recommended that antidepressants be stopped. If antidepressants are used for periods of depression they should be used with a mood stabilizer. Electroconvulsive therapy may be helpful in those who do not respond to other treatments. If treatments are stopped it is recommended that this be done slowly. Many people have social, financial, or work-related problems due to the disorder. These difficulties occur a quarter to a third of the time on average. The risk of death from natural causes such as heart disease is twice that of the general population. This is due to poor lifestyle choices and the side effects from medications.About 3% of people in the United States have bipolar disorder at some point in their life. Lower rates of around 1% are found in other countries. The most common age at which symptoms begin is 25. Rates appear to be similar in males as females. The economic costs of the disorder has been estimated at $45 billion for the United States in 1991. A large proportion of this was related to a higher number of missed work days, estimated at 50 per year. People with bipolar disorder often face problems with social stigma.
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