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1 - U-System
1 - U-System

... 32. A. This clinical presentation is an example of factitious disorder. In contrast to patients with somatoform disorders such as conversion, somatization, and hypochondriasis who really believe that they are ill, patients with factitious disorder are conscious of the fact that they are faking their ...
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disorder - Cloudfront.net

... Mood Disorders: Not just feeling “down;” not just sad about something  Major Depressive Disorder: Stuck in dark withdrawal  Bipolar Disorder: sometimes fleeing depression into mania  Prevalence and Course of depression: Common, but ...
PSychiatric NurSing - Think Link
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Chapter_15 - Blackwell Publishing
Chapter_15 - Blackwell Publishing

... Are the most common and straightforward of the anxiety disorders. B. Tend to be less impairing than social phobia. C. May result in impairment in only a very specific domain. D. Usually affect other areas of the sufferer’s life. ...
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... Deficit in development of peer relationships appropriate to developmental level. Lack of spontaneous sharing of things or activities with others. Lack of social or emotional reciprocity. B. Impairment in communication as manifest by at least one of the following: Delay in or total lack of spoken lan ...
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Module 69 - Personality Disorders
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... • In this study, case histories were more likely to be diagnosed as antisocial personality if they described a fictitious male patient and as histrionic personality if they described a fictitious female patient, regardless of which disorder the case history was designed to ...
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Dissociative, Personality, and Somatoform Disorders
Dissociative, Personality, and Somatoform Disorders

... 50-3. Contrast the three clusters of personality disorders. Personality disorders are psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning. One cluster expresses anxiety (e.g., avoidant), a second cluster expresses eccentric behaviors (e.g ...
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REVIEW: BIPOLAR DISORDER AND POETIC GENIUS

... understanding about the nature of manic-depressive illness. Psychoanalyst Albert Rothenberg, for example, has been critical of studies whose findings purport to show a relationship between psychopathology and artistic creativity. This is a view at odds with most of the available historical, biograph ...
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Psychological Disorders

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... mental disorder. He refuses to have any blood drawn or other other diagnostic procedures. He states he feels his doctors are conspiring to kill him and inject him with the AIDS virus. A surgeon recommends ...
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... • diagnosis peaks middle age and declines the later years of life • Median age at onset: 30 • More in developed countries • More frequently in females • Early onset = more comorbidity • Comorbidities: other anxiety disorders , depression , substance use disorders • 110 million disability days per ye ...
Somatoform Disorder
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... health. The symptoms are usually stress related or psychological. It is important to be educated about Somatoform disorder, because they could really hurt their selves by, overdosing on pain killers, and many more. ...
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... (headaches, stomach aches, etc.), social withdrawal and decline in school performance are common. Among adolescents, depression is often associated with substance abuse, impulsive or reckless behavior, hypersomnia and increased irritability. In older adults, depression may manifest as cognitive impa ...
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The CBQ and the Core Phenotype - Juvenile Bipolar Research

... goofy giddy, elated, euphoric, overly-optimistic, self-aggrandizing, grandiose); depressed (withdrawn, bored/anhedonic, irritable, sad, dysphoric, or overly pessimistic, self-critical). Episodes are defined by DSM-IV symptom criteria but not by DSM-IV duration criteria; manic/hypomanic or mixed epis ...
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Abnormal Psychology
Abnormal Psychology

... be afraid. However, if you get anxious if a dog appears on the TV you’re watching, that’s a disorder. If a student gets up to give a speech in class and finds that his hands are trembling and his throat is dry, that’s normal anxiety. If a student runs out of the room crying when called on to speak o ...
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Bipolar disorder



Bipolar disorder, also known as bipolar affective disorder and manic-depressive illness, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of elevated mood and periods of depression. The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania or hypomania depending on the severity or whether there is psychosis. During mania an individual feels or acts abnormally happy, energetic, or irritable. They often make poorly thought out decisions with little regard to the consequences. The need for sleep is usually reduced. During periods of depression there may be crying, poor eye contact with others, and a negative outlook on life. The risk of suicide among those with the disorder is high at greater than 6% over 20 years, while self harm occurs in 30–40%. Other mental health issues such as anxiety disorder and substance use disorder are commonly associated.The cause is not clearly understood, but both genetic and environmental factors play a role. Many genes of small effect contribute to risk. Environmental factors include long term stress and a history of childhood abuse. It is divided into bipolar I disorder if there is at least one manic episode and bipolar II disorder if there are at least one hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode. In those with less severe symptoms of a prolonged duration the condition cyclothymic disorder may be present. If due to drugs or medical problems it is classified separately. Other conditions that may present in a similar manner include substance use disorder, personality disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia as well as a number of medical conditions.Treatment commonly includes psychotherapy and medications such as mood stabilizers or antipsychotics. Examples of mood stabilizers that are commonly used include lithium and anticonvulsants. Treatment in hospital against a person's wishes may be required at times as people may be a risk to themselves or others yet refuse treatment. Severe behavioural problems may be managed with short term benzodiazepines or antipsychotics. In periods of mania it is recommended that antidepressants be stopped. If antidepressants are used for periods of depression they should be used with a mood stabilizer. Electroconvulsive therapy may be helpful in those who do not respond to other treatments. If treatments are stopped it is recommended that this be done slowly. Many people have social, financial, or work-related problems due to the disorder. These difficulties occur a quarter to a third of the time on average. The risk of death from natural causes such as heart disease is twice that of the general population. This is due to poor lifestyle choices and the side effects from medications.About 3% of people in the United States have bipolar disorder at some point in their life. Lower rates of around 1% are found in other countries. The most common age at which symptoms begin is 25. Rates appear to be similar in males as females. The economic costs of the disorder has been estimated at $45 billion for the United States in 1991. A large proportion of this was related to a higher number of missed work days, estimated at 50 per year. People with bipolar disorder often face problems with social stigma.
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