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Comorbidity: A network perspective
Comorbidity: A network perspective

... that underlie psychology’s main class of measurement models (latent variable models; e.g., Borsboom 2005; 2008; Borsboom et al. 2003). In fact, a network approach nullifies the need to invoke latent variables as an explanation of the covariance between symptoms. In a network approach, the relation b ...
Comorbidity: A network perspective
Comorbidity: A network perspective

... that underlie psychology’s main class of measurement models (latent variable models; e.g., Borsboom 2005; 2008; Borsboom et al. 2003). In fact, a network approach nullifies the need to invoke latent variables as an explanation of the covariance between symptoms. In a network approach, the relation b ...
Full Issue - The Professional Counselor
Full Issue - The Professional Counselor

... Consider to what extent signs and symptoms are related to another medical condition. Clients present with signs and symptoms that may be caused by or coincident with another medical condition in a variety of ways. Nussbaum (2013) defined possible manifestations including (a) medical conditions that ...
Mindfulness and experiential avoidance as predictors of
Mindfulness and experiential avoidance as predictors of

... As mindfulness-based treatments have proliferated, researchers have attempted to operationally define mindfulness. Definitions tend to include an awareness component and attitudinal component (e.g., Bishop et al., 2004; Kabat-Zinn, 1990). Most recently, Cardaciotto et al. (2008) have conceptualized mi ...
File - changes free download..
File - changes free download..

... While she previously slept in her own bed, after her parents' divorce, a 5-year-old girl begs to be allowed to sleep in her mother's bed every night. She says that a "robber" is under her bed. She continues to do well in kindergarten and to play with her friends. The best description of this girl's ...
net.nl nijmegen
net.nl nijmegen

... psychotic features, the ‘PTSD-SP-group’, was defined as patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of PTSD and psychotic symptoms, in whom the onset of PTSD preceded the onset of psychosis. Patients with sub-threshold or no PTSD were excluded from this group as well as patients who suffered from PTSD without ...
Invited paper to: Advances in Eating Disorders: Theory, Research
Invited paper to: Advances in Eating Disorders: Theory, Research

... diagnostic categories. This understanding departs from the DSM in reducing rather than increasing the number of diagnostic categories. However, both approaches to case definitions rely on observed (behavioral) as well as latent criteria (i.e., weight phobia and unjust evaluations of self and one’s b ...
TRUE FALSE
TRUE FALSE

... THE BRAIN OF A PERSON WITH ADHD WORKS DIFFERENTLY. TRUE Research has increased our understanding of how the ADHD brain works.9,10 There are no medical imaging tests to establish a clinical diagnosis. Neuroimaging studies have revealed a slight decrease in the volume and metabolism of some areas of t ...
If Your Adolescent Has Depression or Bipolar Disorder An Essential
If Your Adolescent Has Depression or Bipolar Disorder An Essential

... of a professional Commission on Adolescent Depression and Bipolar Disorder, part of the Adolescent Mental Health Initiative spearheaded by the Annenberg Foundation Trust at Sunnylands; it is from the report of that commission that this book draws much of its scientific information. And in 2005, he b ...
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

... objective definition of "thought disorder," and because in a clinical setting inferences about thought are based primarily on the individual's speech, the concept of disorganized speech (Criterion A3) has been emphasized in the definition for Schizophrenia used in this manual. The speech of individu ...
A Study Of Childhood Anxiety Disorders And Their Impact On The
A Study Of Childhood Anxiety Disorders And Their Impact On The

... which no physical basis can be established, 6) marked self-consciousness or susceptibility to embarrassment or humiliation, 7) marked feelings of tension or inability to relax. These symptoms must have persisted for at least six months” (p. 130). The DSM-IV defines twelve types of anxiety disorders ...
Prevalence, Clinical Correlates, and Longitudinal Course of Severe
Prevalence, Clinical Correlates, and Longitudinal Course of Severe

... 3-month period. Intensity refers to the strength or force of a symptom/behavior and the extent to which it was intrusive, interfering, and generalized across a range of activities. A rating of “2” or higher indicates that the symptom was present at a threshold level of intensity. Frequency items ref ...
Consensus paper on bipolar depression
Consensus paper on bipolar depression

... Bipolar Disorders (ISBD). Anxiety is commonly present, often at syndromal levels, in bipolar populations. Thus, RCT inclusion criteria for trials not targeting anxiety, should accept co-morbid anxiety disorders as part of the history and even current anxiety symptoms, where these are not dominating ...
Using the Five-Factor Model to Represent the DSM-IV
Using the Five-Factor Model to Represent the DSM-IV

... provided (e.g., Block, 1995; Westen, 1995), but there does appear to be sufficient empirical support for the "basicness" of the FFM ...
Predictive factors for somatization in a trauma sample
Predictive factors for somatization in a trauma sample

... dissociation of distressing material from conscious awareness caused by traumatic experiences in childhood [18]. More recently it has been suggested that physical symptoms in patients with PTSD may be a form of somatoform dissociation defined as the partial or complete loss of normal integration of ...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

... B. Some hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment were present before age 7 years. C. Some impairment from the symptoms is present in two or more settings (e.g., at school [or work] and at home). D. There must be clear evidence of clinically significant impairment in socia ...
Threshold and subthreshold Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD
Threshold and subthreshold Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD

... categorical and dimensional approaches to disorder measurement may best be used.19 Various studies have shown that subthreshold levels of GAD are as or more prevalent than the full disorder and are clinically relevant because they are associated with substantial impairment, comorbidity, and service ...
NIH Public Access
NIH Public Access

... lives in a manner that results in limited interaction with others, generally selecting occupations that require little social connectedness even if such positions fall below their level of ability (Beck and Freeman 1990). Thinking of themselves as observers rather than as participants in the world a ...
Somatoform Disorders
Somatoform Disorders

... complaints cannot be fully explained by any known general medical condition or the direct effects of a substance. If they occur in the presence of a general medical condition, the physical complaints or resulting social or occupational impairment are in excess of what would be expected from the his ...
New York Times
New York Times

... and collected them in a single volume, you might be thinking that I’m not being entirely fair here, that even if the Civil War hadn’t come along ten years later and rendered Cartwright’s outrageous invention moot, doctors would have quickly consigned drapetomania to the dustbin of medical history. Y ...
The Prevalence and Effects of Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity
The Prevalence and Effects of Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity

... description of MI is presented elsewhere.12 Because a strong monotonic relationship was found between clinical reappraisal sampling strata and blind clinical diagnoses of adult ADHD in the weighted clinical reappraisal subsample, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... Impulsivity/Hyperactivity Six or more of the following – manifested often ...
Dental Implications of the ADHD Patient
Dental Implications of the ADHD Patient

... care physician should initiate evaluation for ADHD for any child ages 4 through 18 if the patient presents with inattention, hyperactivity or impulsivity.1 DSM-5 was published on May 27, 2013. Updates to ADHD diagnosis in the fifth edition more accurately characterize the experiences of affected adu ...
SYMPTOM INVENTORIES 1 THE SYMPTOM INVENTORIES: AN
SYMPTOM INVENTORIES 1 THE SYMPTOM INVENTORIES: AN

... disorder, the HIV+ group did not evidence higher rates or severity of psychopathology than peers, although rates for both groups were higher than the general population. Nevertheless, self-awareness of HIV infection in younger children was associated with more severe symptomatology, and youths with ...
the effect of habituation and changes in cognition on anxious
the effect of habituation and changes in cognition on anxious

... and Taylor (2013) found that individuals with high scores on harm avoidance performed better on academic achievement tests. It is possible that harm avoidance serves as a protective factor for academic achievement by maintaining attention in anxious populations (Grills-Taquachel et ...
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Depersonalization disorder

Depersonalization disorder (DPD) is a mental disorder in which the sufferer has persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization. In the DSM-5 it was combined with Derealization Disorder and renamed to Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder (DDPD). In the DSM-5 it remains classified as a dissociative disorder, while in the ICD-10 it is called depersonalization-derealization syndrome and classified as a neurotic disorder.Symptoms can be classified as either depersonalization or derealization. Depersonalization is described as feeling disconnected or estranged from one's body, thoughts, or emotions. Individuals experiencing depersonalization may report feeling as if they are in a dream or are watching themselves in a movie. They may feel like an outside observer of their own thoughts or body, and often report feeling a loss of control over their thoughts or actions. In some cases, individuals may be unable to accept their reflection as their own, or they may have out-of-body experiences. While depersonalization is a sense of detachment from one's self, derealization is described as detachment from one's surroundings. Individuals experiencing derealization may report perceiving the world around them as foggy, dreamlike/surreal, or visually distorted.In addition to these depersonalization-derealization disorder symptoms, the inner turmoil created by the disorder can result in depression, self-harm, low self-esteem, anxiety attacks, panic attacks, phobias, etc. It can also cause a variety of physical symptoms, including chest pain, blurry vision, nausea, and the sensation of pins and needles in one's arms or legs.Diagnostic criteria for depersonalization-derealization disorder includes, among other symptoms, persistent or recurrent feelings of detachment from one's mental or bodily processes or from one's surroundings. A diagnosis is made when the dissociation is persistent and interferes with the social and/or occupational functions of daily life. However, accurate descriptions of the symptoms are hard to provide due to the subjective nature of depersonalization/derealization and sufferers' ambiguous use of language when describing these episodes.Depersonalization-derealization disorder is thought to be caused largely by severe traumatic lifetime events, including childhood abuse, accidents, natural disasters, war, torture, and bad drug experiences. It is unclear whether genetics play a role; however, there are many neurochemical and hormonal changes in individuals suffering with depersonalization disorder. The disorder is typically associated with cognitive disruptions in early perceptual and attentional processes.Although the disorder is an alteration in the subjective experience of reality, it is not a form of psychosis, as sufferers maintain the ability to distinguish between their own internal experiences and the objective reality of the outside world. During episodic and continuous depersonalization, sufferers can distinguish between reality and fantasy. In other words, their grasp on reality remains stable at all times.While depersonalization-derealization disorder was once considered rare, lifetime experiences with the disorder occur in approximately 1%–2% of the general population. The chronic form of this disorder has a reported prevalence of 0.1 to 1.9% While these numbers may seem small, depersonalization/derealization experiences have been reported by a majority of the general population, with varying degrees of intensity. While brief episodes of depersonalization or derealization can be common in the general population, the disorder is only diagnosed when these symptoms cause significant distress or impair social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
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