Introduction to Petrology
... 3) Understanding major phenomena such as volcanism, hydrothermal activity, ... etc. which influence our every day life and environment 4) Understanding magmatic processes and their relationship to formation and concentration of ore minerals which in turn will help us prospect for them. Composition o ...
... 3) Understanding major phenomena such as volcanism, hydrothermal activity, ... etc. which influence our every day life and environment 4) Understanding magmatic processes and their relationship to formation and concentration of ore minerals which in turn will help us prospect for them. Composition o ...
Continental crust - British Academy Wiki
... The crust is 5 to 100 km thick, and is the thinnest layer of the Earth. ...
... The crust is 5 to 100 km thick, and is the thinnest layer of the Earth. ...
theory of plate tectonics text
... How fast do tectonic plates move? The answer to this question depends on many factors, such as the type and shape of the tectonic plate and the way that the tectonic plate interacts with the tectonic plates that surround it. Tectonic plate movements are so slow and gradual that you can’t see or feel ...
... How fast do tectonic plates move? The answer to this question depends on many factors, such as the type and shape of the tectonic plate and the way that the tectonic plate interacts with the tectonic plates that surround it. Tectonic plate movements are so slow and gradual that you can’t see or feel ...
PDF format
... B. an S-wave shadow zone is created beyond 105° of arc away from an earthquake focus C. a P-wave shadow zone is created from 105-140° of arc away from an earthquake focus D. seismographs in the P-wave shadow zone do not record the earthquake E. all of the above 42. The Earth has a magnetic field bec ...
... B. an S-wave shadow zone is created beyond 105° of arc away from an earthquake focus C. a P-wave shadow zone is created from 105-140° of arc away from an earthquake focus D. seismographs in the P-wave shadow zone do not record the earthquake E. all of the above 42. The Earth has a magnetic field bec ...
Basement Lithologic Framework and Structural Features of the
... A supracrustal package that included migmatitic to diatexitic psammopelite to pelite, quartzite, garnet-rich silicate facies iron formation and mafic granulite was observed in diamond drill-hole CAR-60, located about 2 km to the north of Carswell Lake (Card, 2001). These rock types are similar to th ...
... A supracrustal package that included migmatitic to diatexitic psammopelite to pelite, quartzite, garnet-rich silicate facies iron formation and mafic granulite was observed in diamond drill-hole CAR-60, located about 2 km to the north of Carswell Lake (Card, 2001). These rock types are similar to th ...
File
... Subsidence of Cooler Rocks ●Rocks that are hot take up more space than cooler rocks. ● The lithosphere is relatively hot at mid-ocean ...
... Subsidence of Cooler Rocks ●Rocks that are hot take up more space than cooler rocks. ● The lithosphere is relatively hot at mid-ocean ...
Lecture D
... the Skiddaw Aureole, UK • The aureole around the Skiddaw granite was sub-divided into three zones, principally on the basis of textures: ...
... the Skiddaw Aureole, UK • The aureole around the Skiddaw granite was sub-divided into three zones, principally on the basis of textures: ...
Ccu{>ilation Bedrock Geology: Stony Rapids Area (NTS 74P) by c. F
... gneissic foliation , occurs in a zone up to about 8 km wide. The main shear zone ranges in width fran 100 to 500 m; in the south , along the northwest shore of Black Lake , flinty myl onitic rocks (Unit S) crop out in the proximity of a steep scarp. The shear zone here i s a high- angle reverse faul ...
... gneissic foliation , occurs in a zone up to about 8 km wide. The main shear zone ranges in width fran 100 to 500 m; in the south , along the northwest shore of Black Lake , flinty myl onitic rocks (Unit S) crop out in the proximity of a steep scarp. The shear zone here i s a high- angle reverse faul ...
CHAPTER 7 - SYNTHESIS
... activity interrupted by periods of tectonic quiescence. In general, the Iberian Peninsula is going through a tectonically very active period since opening of the Mid-Atlantic Ocean started. After a long period in the Mesozoic, during which extension was the dominant mode of deformation, the Early Te ...
... activity interrupted by periods of tectonic quiescence. In general, the Iberian Peninsula is going through a tectonically very active period since opening of the Mid-Atlantic Ocean started. After a long period in the Mesozoic, during which extension was the dominant mode of deformation, the Early Te ...
No plume, no extension in the WARS
... Moreover, magma production rates are low, and hot mantle beneath the Antarctic rift is not documented as deep as expected for mantle plumes, with a regional shape of thermal anomaly which is linear instead of circular. Conversely, the evidence for a tight link between regional tectonics and igneous ...
... Moreover, magma production rates are low, and hot mantle beneath the Antarctic rift is not documented as deep as expected for mantle plumes, with a regional shape of thermal anomaly which is linear instead of circular. Conversely, the evidence for a tight link between regional tectonics and igneous ...
Is this rock
... Are traces or remains of prehistoric life Are the most important inclusions Help determine past environments Are used to determine age of sedimentary rocks Are used for rock correlation ...
... Are traces or remains of prehistoric life Are the most important inclusions Help determine past environments Are used to determine age of sedimentary rocks Are used for rock correlation ...
Chapter_3-Rocks
... Are traces or remains of prehistoric life Are the most important inclusions Help determine past environments Are used to determine age of sedimentary rocks Are used for rock correlation ...
... Are traces or remains of prehistoric life Are the most important inclusions Help determine past environments Are used to determine age of sedimentary rocks Are used for rock correlation ...
... to fine grained and lineated quartzite float. Rock is composed chiefly of quartz, feldspar, and white mica. Compositional layering consists of quartz layers and fine white mica domains, less than 1 cm. Scattered pieces of dark-greenish-gray phyllonite are probably interlayered. Correlative with phyl ...
Geology (Chernicoff) - GEO
... Chapter 13 Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earth's Continents 1) In geology, the term "stress" refers to: A) stretching of a rock unit. B) compression of a rock unit. C) any deformation of a rock unit. D) forces that might cause deformation of a rock unit. 2) Rocks in which elastic de ...
... Chapter 13 Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earth's Continents 1) In geology, the term "stress" refers to: A) stretching of a rock unit. B) compression of a rock unit. C) any deformation of a rock unit. D) forces that might cause deformation of a rock unit. 2) Rocks in which elastic de ...
Crustal Deformation
... centimeters), foliation forms by a variety of mechanisms, but always at right angles to the direction of greatest compression • On a large scale (centimeters to kilometers), rocks fold. The axial plane of the fold is also at right angles to the direction of greatest compression ...
... centimeters), foliation forms by a variety of mechanisms, but always at right angles to the direction of greatest compression • On a large scale (centimeters to kilometers), rocks fold. The axial plane of the fold is also at right angles to the direction of greatest compression ...
Oceanic Crust
... • The oceanic crust is the part of Earth's lithosphere which underlies the ocean basins. It is thinner (generally less than 10 km thick) but more dense than continental crust, about 3.3 g/cc (grams per cubic centimeter). ...
... • The oceanic crust is the part of Earth's lithosphere which underlies the ocean basins. It is thinner (generally less than 10 km thick) but more dense than continental crust, about 3.3 g/cc (grams per cubic centimeter). ...
PDF
... the types formed at the margins of crustal blocks. The Ariab series (in the Ariab Belt; Fig. 1) (Aye et al., 1985; Bakheit, 1991; Schandelmeier et al., 1994) includes tholeiitic to calc-alkaline basalt to rhyolite that resemble present-day intraoceanic island arcs. The Mahd group (-810-770 Ma; Calve ...
... the types formed at the margins of crustal blocks. The Ariab series (in the Ariab Belt; Fig. 1) (Aye et al., 1985; Bakheit, 1991; Schandelmeier et al., 1994) includes tholeiitic to calc-alkaline basalt to rhyolite that resemble present-day intraoceanic island arcs. The Mahd group (-810-770 Ma; Calve ...
chapter 2 - earthjay science
... stress environment that caused rifting with associated normal faulting and basaltic volcanism. The rifts filled with alluvial and lacustrine sediments shed from adjacent fault-block mountains. The normal faults originated from gravity effects after crustal stretching and fracturing. Reverse faults w ...
... stress environment that caused rifting with associated normal faulting and basaltic volcanism. The rifts filled with alluvial and lacustrine sediments shed from adjacent fault-block mountains. The normal faults originated from gravity effects after crustal stretching and fracturing. Reverse faults w ...
Unit 5.4 PowerPoint File
... Explain the difference between regional and contact metamorphism. Distinguish between foliated and nonfoliated metamorphic rocks, and give an example of each. ...
... Explain the difference between regional and contact metamorphism. Distinguish between foliated and nonfoliated metamorphic rocks, and give an example of each. ...
Downloadable self-guided walking route for Bloody
... crystals to grow bigger. These crystals can be seen in flat polished slabs at the riverside. There are 3 main minerals in this granite: feldspar (milky white), quartz (clear and glassy) and biotite (black). Continue uphill for ~2 km to explore a large disused quarry where the granite was extracted f ...
... crystals to grow bigger. These crystals can be seen in flat polished slabs at the riverside. There are 3 main minerals in this granite: feldspar (milky white), quartz (clear and glassy) and biotite (black). Continue uphill for ~2 km to explore a large disused quarry where the granite was extracted f ...
1 Evolution of continental crust through two Wilson
... the rift where it cannot be restored by conventional methods. Along-strike variations in rift expression between lower-plate and upper-plate configurations of basement faults are partitioned by transform faults, some of which offset the trace of the rift. Facies and thickness of synrift and passive- ...
... the rift where it cannot be restored by conventional methods. Along-strike variations in rift expression between lower-plate and upper-plate configurations of basement faults are partitioned by transform faults, some of which offset the trace of the rift. Facies and thickness of synrift and passive- ...
Brief History of the White Tank Mountains and the Western Phoenix
... Note: All are mountain ranges that have been eroded. All were originally blocks uplifted by tensional or pull-apart resulting in the black lines on the flanks of the mountains that represent normal faults. All of these mountains are Proterozoic Gneiss and Schist with some volcanic materials. The upl ...
... Note: All are mountain ranges that have been eroded. All were originally blocks uplifted by tensional or pull-apart resulting in the black lines on the flanks of the mountains that represent normal faults. All of these mountains are Proterozoic Gneiss and Schist with some volcanic materials. The upl ...
Topic 13: Interpreting Geologic History
... An inclusion is a body of older rock within igneous rock. ...
... An inclusion is a body of older rock within igneous rock. ...
Rock cycle and Igneous rocks
... Obsidian is usually black in color though it can also be red or have a greenish tint. It is a dense volcanic glass, usually composed of rhyolite, rich in iron and magnesium. Obsidian is formed when the lava cools so quickly that crystals do not have time to grow. Obsidian fractures with very sharp e ...
... Obsidian is usually black in color though it can also be red or have a greenish tint. It is a dense volcanic glass, usually composed of rhyolite, rich in iron and magnesium. Obsidian is formed when the lava cools so quickly that crystals do not have time to grow. Obsidian fractures with very sharp e ...
Great Lakes tectonic zone
The Great Lakes tectonic zone is bounded by South Dakota at its tip and heads northeast to south of Duluth, Minnesota, then heads east through northern Wisconsin, Marquette, Michigan, and then trends more northeasterly to skim the northern-most shores of lakes Michigan and Huron before ending in the Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, area.During the Late Archean Era the Algoman orogeny added landmass to the Superior province by volcanic activity and continental collision along a boundary that stretches from present-day South Dakota, U.S., into the Lake Huron region near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.This crustal boundary is the Great Lakes tectonic zone. It is 1,400 km (870 mi) long, and separates the older Archean gneissic terrane to the south from younger Late Archean greenstone-granite terrane to the north.The zone is characterized by active compression during the Algoman orogeny (about 2,700 million years ago), a pulling-apart (extensional) tectonics (2,450 to 2,100 million years ago), a second compression during the Penokean orogeny (1,900 to 1,850 million years ago), a second extension during Middle Proterozoic time (1,600 million years ago) and minor reactivation during Phanerozoic time (the past 500 million years).Collision began along the Great Lakes tectonic zone (GLTZ) with the Algoman mountain-building event and continued for tens of millions of years. During the formation of the GLTZ, the gneissic Minnesota River Valley subprovince was thrust up onto the Superior province's edge as it consumed the Superior province's oceanic crust. Fragmentation of the Kenorland supercontinent began 2,450 million years ago and was completed by 2,100 million years ago. The Wyoming province is the continental landmass that is hypothesized to have rifted away from the southern Superior province portion of Kenorland, before moving rapidly west and docking with the Laurentia supercontinent 1,850 to 1,715 million years ago. Sedimentation from the GLTZ-rifting environment continued into the Penokean orogeny, which is the next major tectonic event in the Great Lakes region. Several earthquakes have been documented in Minnesota, Michigan's Upper Peninsula and Sudbury in the last 120 years along the GLTZ.