Describe the differences and relation between the lithosphere and asthenosphere.
... Transform Plate Boundary ...
... Transform Plate Boundary ...
Document
... Active plate tectonics and resulting changes in crustal architecture profoundly influence global climate, oceanic circulation, and the origin, distribution and sustainability of life. A key element of the 50-year-old theory of plate tectonics is the distinction between passive and active continental ...
... Active plate tectonics and resulting changes in crustal architecture profoundly influence global climate, oceanic circulation, and the origin, distribution and sustainability of life. A key element of the 50-year-old theory of plate tectonics is the distinction between passive and active continental ...
Volcanoes: lecture 1
... Increase temperature with depth Varies depending on tectonic setting Average increase is 25 degrees C/KM Yellow dotted line indicates 500 degrees centigrade ...
... Increase temperature with depth Varies depending on tectonic setting Average increase is 25 degrees C/KM Yellow dotted line indicates 500 degrees centigrade ...
Igneous intrusive rocks
... vertical tubes, are formed as magma fills cracks created by upward pressure. The igneous rocks formed as the magma cools are usually relatively resistant and, after erosion, they stand out in the landscape. Much of Hadrian’s Wall was built along part of a giant sill complex – the Great Whin Sill – t ...
... vertical tubes, are formed as magma fills cracks created by upward pressure. The igneous rocks formed as the magma cools are usually relatively resistant and, after erosion, they stand out in the landscape. Much of Hadrian’s Wall was built along part of a giant sill complex – the Great Whin Sill – t ...
Igneous Rocks
... Diorite is a plutonic rock that is something between a granite and a gabbro. It consists mostly of white plagioclase feldspar and black hornblende. Unlike granite, diorite has no or very little quartz or alkali feldspar; unlike gabbro it is fairly light colored—half black and half white—and under th ...
... Diorite is a plutonic rock that is something between a granite and a gabbro. It consists mostly of white plagioclase feldspar and black hornblende. Unlike granite, diorite has no or very little quartz or alkali feldspar; unlike gabbro it is fairly light colored—half black and half white—and under th ...
ROCKS and how to identify them
... (such as garnets, staurolite, tourmaline) to grow in the rock. Schist is added to clay mixtures as a strengthening material in vitreous pipe (red sewer) and ...
... (such as garnets, staurolite, tourmaline) to grow in the rock. Schist is added to clay mixtures as a strengthening material in vitreous pipe (red sewer) and ...
Name: Class: Date: Convergent Boundaries (All answers must be in
... after its formation 4.6 billion years ago. The Earth's unchanging size implies that the crust must be destroyed at about the same rate as it is being created, as Harry Hess surmised. Such destruction (recycling) of crust takes place along convergent boundaries where plates are moving toward each oth ...
... after its formation 4.6 billion years ago. The Earth's unchanging size implies that the crust must be destroyed at about the same rate as it is being created, as Harry Hess surmised. Such destruction (recycling) of crust takes place along convergent boundaries where plates are moving toward each oth ...
readingetal_geology_.. - Research School of Earth Sciences
... Characteristic seismic velocity structures for each terrane well covered by stations are shown in Figure 3. In this work, the seismic Moho is taken to be the base of the high-velocity gradient zone in the lower crust (i.e., deeper than 30 km). Except where noted explicitly, our results are in agreem ...
... Characteristic seismic velocity structures for each terrane well covered by stations are shown in Figure 3. In this work, the seismic Moho is taken to be the base of the high-velocity gradient zone in the lower crust (i.e., deeper than 30 km). Except where noted explicitly, our results are in agreem ...
Earthquakes in NE Kansas
... The most effective way is to establish a multistation seismic network in NE Kansas to (1). Locate small earthquakes which most likely occur along active faults (2). Image the underground structure to look for faults (3). Determine fault slip-rate and direction to determine occurrence interval ...
... The most effective way is to establish a multistation seismic network in NE Kansas to (1). Locate small earthquakes which most likely occur along active faults (2). Image the underground structure to look for faults (3). Determine fault slip-rate and direction to determine occurrence interval ...
GEOS3101/3801 Earth`s Structure and Evolution: unit outline
... GEOS3101/3801 Earth’s Structure and Evolution: unit outline Semester 1, 2009 6 credit points Aims: The Earth’s crust and upper mantle, or lithosphere, are a consequence of dynamic and thermal processes operating since the beginning of the Archaean. This unit focuses on information and techniques t ...
... GEOS3101/3801 Earth’s Structure and Evolution: unit outline Semester 1, 2009 6 credit points Aims: The Earth’s crust and upper mantle, or lithosphere, are a consequence of dynamic and thermal processes operating since the beginning of the Archaean. This unit focuses on information and techniques t ...
Sedimentary Rocks
... binds grains of a sediment together. • After the cements solidify, compaction drives out the excess water. • Important part of Lithification ...
... binds grains of a sediment together. • After the cements solidify, compaction drives out the excess water. • Important part of Lithification ...
Sedimentary Rocks
... binds grains of a sediment together. • After the cements solidify, compaction drives out the excess water. • Important part of Lithification ...
... binds grains of a sediment together. • After the cements solidify, compaction drives out the excess water. • Important part of Lithification ...
Review questions exam I
... 6. Describe the rock cycle and explain the basis for the different major rock families (a diagram would be very useful). 7. Describe the relationship between magma type, plate tectonic setting and mode of emplacement of igneous rocks. 8. Compare and contrast metamorphism and weathering; how are they ...
... 6. Describe the rock cycle and explain the basis for the different major rock families (a diagram would be very useful). 7. Describe the relationship between magma type, plate tectonic setting and mode of emplacement of igneous rocks. 8. Compare and contrast metamorphism and weathering; how are they ...
Rocks and Minerals (rocksandminerals)
... 6. When limestone is exposed to enough heat and pressure, it goes through physical changes. These changes can turn limestone into a different kind of rock called marble. Which of these BEST describes marble? A. It is an igneous rock. B. It is a synthetic rock. C. It is a sedimentary rock. D. It is a ...
... 6. When limestone is exposed to enough heat and pressure, it goes through physical changes. These changes can turn limestone into a different kind of rock called marble. Which of these BEST describes marble? A. It is an igneous rock. B. It is a synthetic rock. C. It is a sedimentary rock. D. It is a ...
How much do we make
... which is made up of rocks that are less dense than those of oceanic crust. Plate boundaries occur where the edges of plates meet. You have learned about the three types of boundaries – convergent, divergent and transform. But different landforms happen if the boundaries are oceanic or continental. L ...
... which is made up of rocks that are less dense than those of oceanic crust. Plate boundaries occur where the edges of plates meet. You have learned about the three types of boundaries – convergent, divergent and transform. But different landforms happen if the boundaries are oceanic or continental. L ...
File
... Later evidence revealed Wegener was correct – he just didn’t have the technology to prove how the continents had moved ...
... Later evidence revealed Wegener was correct – he just didn’t have the technology to prove how the continents had moved ...
Chapter 2. Composition of the continental crust
... 1. Total mass = 0.6% silicate earth 2. Main reservoir for K-U-Th (heat) and mineral resources 3. Primary archive of the earth history ...
... 1. Total mass = 0.6% silicate earth 2. Main reservoir for K-U-Th (heat) and mineral resources 3. Primary archive of the earth history ...
- cK-12
... 7) Earth has continents and oceans because a) Continental crust sinks below oceanic crust. b) Oceanic crust sinks below continental crust. c) Oceanic crust rises above continental crust. d) None of these. ...
... 7) Earth has continents and oceans because a) Continental crust sinks below oceanic crust. b) Oceanic crust sinks below continental crust. c) Oceanic crust rises above continental crust. d) None of these. ...
Word format
... Brittle structures are fractures, such as joints and faults, which are produced because of tectonic stresses. The intrusion of magma into rocks can also create brittle fractures such as dikes and sills. ...
... Brittle structures are fractures, such as joints and faults, which are produced because of tectonic stresses. The intrusion of magma into rocks can also create brittle fractures such as dikes and sills. ...
Tectonic hazards human impacts - School
... energy that generate seismic waves • Most occur along faults (cracks in the earth’s crust) which become ‘locked’ • Opposing tectonic forces push against the locked fault, building up strain, which eventually gives way releasing stored energy • This energy spreads out rapidly from the earthquake orig ...
... energy that generate seismic waves • Most occur along faults (cracks in the earth’s crust) which become ‘locked’ • Opposing tectonic forces push against the locked fault, building up strain, which eventually gives way releasing stored energy • This energy spreads out rapidly from the earthquake orig ...
Supercycles in subduction zones
... resulted in the death of more than 15,000 people, the partial or total destruction of nearly 400,000 buildings, and major damage to the Fukushima nuclear power plant. This "superquake" may have been the largest in a series of earthquakes, thus marking the end of what's known as a supercycle: a seque ...
... resulted in the death of more than 15,000 people, the partial or total destruction of nearly 400,000 buildings, and major damage to the Fukushima nuclear power plant. This "superquake" may have been the largest in a series of earthquakes, thus marking the end of what's known as a supercycle: a seque ...
Reading
... continental crust forming a deep ocean trench. As the trench is formed, the oceanic crust is forced back into the mantle. As the rock material in the ocean crust begins to melt in the mantle, some of the molten rock is forced upward producing volcanoes. Subduction zones are common in an area known a ...
... continental crust forming a deep ocean trench. As the trench is formed, the oceanic crust is forced back into the mantle. As the rock material in the ocean crust begins to melt in the mantle, some of the molten rock is forced upward producing volcanoes. Subduction zones are common in an area known a ...
paleolatitudes and vertical-axis rotation in azuero peninsula, panama
... The study of Isthmus of Panama is important to understand the tectonic evolution of the north of South America and the global biotic and environmental repercussions of the closure of the Central American seaway. Some geologic models of Panama used paleomagnetic studies in order to understand the evo ...
... The study of Isthmus of Panama is important to understand the tectonic evolution of the north of South America and the global biotic and environmental repercussions of the closure of the Central American seaway. Some geologic models of Panama used paleomagnetic studies in order to understand the evo ...
Introduction to Petrology
... 3) Understanding major phenomena such as volcanism, hydrothermal activity, ... etc. which influence our every day life and environment 4) Understanding magmatic processes and their relationship to formation and concentration of ore minerals which in turn will help us prospect for them. Composition o ...
... 3) Understanding major phenomena such as volcanism, hydrothermal activity, ... etc. which influence our every day life and environment 4) Understanding magmatic processes and their relationship to formation and concentration of ore minerals which in turn will help us prospect for them. Composition o ...
Great Lakes tectonic zone
The Great Lakes tectonic zone is bounded by South Dakota at its tip and heads northeast to south of Duluth, Minnesota, then heads east through northern Wisconsin, Marquette, Michigan, and then trends more northeasterly to skim the northern-most shores of lakes Michigan and Huron before ending in the Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, area.During the Late Archean Era the Algoman orogeny added landmass to the Superior province by volcanic activity and continental collision along a boundary that stretches from present-day South Dakota, U.S., into the Lake Huron region near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.This crustal boundary is the Great Lakes tectonic zone. It is 1,400 km (870 mi) long, and separates the older Archean gneissic terrane to the south from younger Late Archean greenstone-granite terrane to the north.The zone is characterized by active compression during the Algoman orogeny (about 2,700 million years ago), a pulling-apart (extensional) tectonics (2,450 to 2,100 million years ago), a second compression during the Penokean orogeny (1,900 to 1,850 million years ago), a second extension during Middle Proterozoic time (1,600 million years ago) and minor reactivation during Phanerozoic time (the past 500 million years).Collision began along the Great Lakes tectonic zone (GLTZ) with the Algoman mountain-building event and continued for tens of millions of years. During the formation of the GLTZ, the gneissic Minnesota River Valley subprovince was thrust up onto the Superior province's edge as it consumed the Superior province's oceanic crust. Fragmentation of the Kenorland supercontinent began 2,450 million years ago and was completed by 2,100 million years ago. The Wyoming province is the continental landmass that is hypothesized to have rifted away from the southern Superior province portion of Kenorland, before moving rapidly west and docking with the Laurentia supercontinent 1,850 to 1,715 million years ago. Sedimentation from the GLTZ-rifting environment continued into the Penokean orogeny, which is the next major tectonic event in the Great Lakes region. Several earthquakes have been documented in Minnesota, Michigan's Upper Peninsula and Sudbury in the last 120 years along the GLTZ.