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Minerals and Rocks
Minerals and Rocks

... classification have limited porosity and permeability because of their potentially high clay content and small grain sizes. They have limited potential as reservoir beds. Shale consists of clay particles of less than 1/256-mm diameter. Shale is smooth and not gritty on the teeth. It has a very low p ...
RocksEarth`sMemorySticks
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... Land Sedimentary Rock: Usually erosion breaks up big rocks, rivers move them to some other place, dumps them, in a lake or shallow ocean, where they are cemented together ...
Minerals and Rocks
Minerals and Rocks

... classification have limited porosity and permeability because of their potentially high clay content and small grain sizes. They have limited potential as reservoir beds. Shale consists of clay particles of less than 1/256-mm diameter. Shale is smooth and not gritty on the teeth. It has a very low p ...
Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks

... know is, did the rock originate in a high silica, low iron and high hydrous magma that may have resulted from the subduction of certain types of crustal rock? They are less interested in the minerals that might have formed there or whether the rock is glassy or fine grained. This type of classificat ...
Minerals Give Clues To Their Environment Of Formation Also Rocks
Minerals Give Clues To Their Environment Of Formation Also Rocks

... !! Igneous rock may be intrusive (meaning it formed within the crust) or extrusive (meaning it formed on the surface). The grain sizes of igneous rocks indicate how and where the rocks formed. !! Igneous rocks rich in quartz and feldspar, such as granite, granodiorite, and rhyolite, are characterist ...
Rocks and Minerals
Rocks and Minerals

... Canyon; x 20,900. Figure 05-D, U.S. Geological Survey Professional ...
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... The India - Eurasia collision, Himalaya and the Tibetan plateau. Some important characteristics: • Very long duration of continental collision and shortening • Thickest crust and highest topography on earth ...
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igneous rocks - Te reo Māori
igneous rocks - Te reo Māori

... rocks. Many headstones are made of granite. You can't scratch granite with a nail or knife. Some broken surfaces have flat surfaces that shine in sunlight. Granite is made mostly of the minerals feldspar and quartz. (Reddish feldspars give this granite its colour and break to form flat surfaces. The ...
METAMORPHIC ROCKS THE LANGUAGE OF THE EARTH – PART III
METAMORPHIC ROCKS THE LANGUAGE OF THE EARTH – PART III

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For a PDF version of the
For a PDF version of the

... D. Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphism: change of form • alterations in any pre-existing rocks brought about by physical/chemical changes in the environment • intermediate between melting and formation of sedimentary rock (diagenesis) • recrystallization of minerals in the solid state • variations in tem ...
Metamorphic Rocks – Practice Questions and Answers
Metamorphic Rocks – Practice Questions and Answers

... 20. In general, metamorphic grade is dependent upon the (a) geobarometer (b) isotherm (c) geotherm (d) lithobar (e) none of the above 21. Given a specific geotherm, low metamorphic grade rocks occur in the ___________________ part of the crust while higher grade rocks will occur at _________ levels ...
NWGS Priest River
NWGS Priest River

... feldspar. Thick, concordant, sill-like masses of garnet amphibolite are also widespread. The protolith for the Hauser Lake Gneiss was a sedimentary sequence of pyritic feldspathic sandstones, siltstones, and argillites with intercalated mafic igneous bodies. Numerous workers have suggest that it is P ...
Field Report - Indus Experiences
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... adapt in extraordinary ways to the constraints imposed by cold, drought and intense solar radiation. We will look at how plants are used by the people of Kashmir and Ladakh, both for food and shelter, and will see evidence of the threats to traditional ways of life posed by global warming. The Himal ...
Characterization of crustal-scale structures interpreted from
Characterization of crustal-scale structures interpreted from

... seismic sections show that Achaean crust extends beneath allochthonous terranes at least as far as the Labelle deformation zone marking the eastern boundary of the Central Metasedimentary Belt (Fig. 1). The crust in this location is 44 km thick on average. Gravity lineaments in the southwestern Gren ...
Env. Geol Entrance Exam Part 1 – Multiple Choice / True
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... a. protons and neutrons. b. protons and electrons. c. neutrons and electrons. d. protons, neutrons, and electrons. 2. The most common rock-forming minerals in the crust are a. carbonates. b. silicates. c. sulfates. d. sulfides. 3. With increasing distance from an oceanic ridge, a. the rocks become o ...
ALPS
ALPS

... Adriatic plate undergoes 30 deg. counterclockwise rotation (paleomagnetic data) Cause dextral shear within/along boundary w/Europe Mid-Cretaceous (90 Ma) subduction of European plate to SE beneath Adriatic crust. Mid-Tertiary: collision of plates Austro-Alpine nappes emplaced to north Pennine nappes ...
Geology
Geology

... pressures and temperatures deep within the Earth. This alters the structure of the existing rock. ...
tectonics2a
tectonics2a

... easily. While the edge of a plate can be dragged under by the weight of attached oceanic crust, it does not go far. ...
The Rock Cycle - PAMS
The Rock Cycle - PAMS

... The rocks are under tons of pressure, which fosters heat build up, and this causes them to change. Formed from older "parent" rock (either igneous or sedimentary) under intense heat and/or pressure at considerable depths beneath the earth's surface. Types of Metamorphism ...
Cracking Up
Cracking Up

... b. Teacher says: “The passage states that the cracking of the African plate triggered, or caused, a volcanic eruption in Ethiopia. If you have asthma, dust can trigger, or cause, a coughing fit.” c. Teacher says: “What is the word?” [All students reply together out loud: “trigger.”] Step 3: Practice ...
File
File

... lighter and thicker continental crust. This forms what is called a subduction zone. As the oceanic crust sinks, a deep oceanic _____trench___, or valley, is formed at the edge of the continent. The crust continues to be forced deeper into the earth, where high heat and pressure cause trapped water a ...
Continental Margins and Ocean Basins
Continental Margins and Ocean Basins

...  Thick sediment accumulation covers oceanic crust ...
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Great Lakes tectonic zone



The Great Lakes tectonic zone is bounded by South Dakota at its tip and heads northeast to south of Duluth, Minnesota, then heads east through northern Wisconsin, Marquette, Michigan, and then trends more northeasterly to skim the northern-most shores of lakes Michigan and Huron before ending in the Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, area.During the Late Archean Era the Algoman orogeny added landmass to the Superior province by volcanic activity and continental collision along a boundary that stretches from present-day South Dakota, U.S., into the Lake Huron region near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.This crustal boundary is the Great Lakes tectonic zone. It is 1,400 km (870 mi) long, and separates the older Archean gneissic terrane to the south from younger Late Archean greenstone-granite terrane to the north.The zone is characterized by active compression during the Algoman orogeny (about 2,700 million years ago), a pulling-apart (extensional) tectonics (2,450 to 2,100 million years ago), a second compression during the Penokean orogeny (1,900 to 1,850 million years ago), a second extension during Middle Proterozoic time (1,600 million years ago) and minor reactivation during Phanerozoic time (the past 500 million years).Collision began along the Great Lakes tectonic zone (GLTZ) with the Algoman mountain-building event and continued for tens of millions of years. During the formation of the GLTZ, the gneissic Minnesota River Valley subprovince was thrust up onto the Superior province's edge as it consumed the Superior province's oceanic crust. Fragmentation of the Kenorland supercontinent began 2,450 million years ago and was completed by 2,100 million years ago. The Wyoming province is the continental landmass that is hypothesized to have rifted away from the southern Superior province portion of Kenorland, before moving rapidly west and docking with the Laurentia supercontinent 1,850 to 1,715 million years ago. Sedimentation from the GLTZ-rifting environment continued into the Penokean orogeny, which is the next major tectonic event in the Great Lakes region. Several earthquakes have been documented in Minnesota, Michigan's Upper Peninsula and Sudbury in the last 120 years along the GLTZ.
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