1 billion years ago
... The supercontinent Pangaea (meaning “all lands”) was formed when all the continents came together. During this time, the Appalachian mountains continued to form. The mountains were as high as the Himalayas are today, reaching elevations of 20,000-30,000 feet above sea level. ...
... The supercontinent Pangaea (meaning “all lands”) was formed when all the continents came together. During this time, the Appalachian mountains continued to form. The mountains were as high as the Himalayas are today, reaching elevations of 20,000-30,000 feet above sea level. ...
Zircon geochronology of intrusive rocks from Cap de Creus, Eastern
... yield inherited ages from the Precambrian metasedimentary protolith (with two main age clusters at c. 730–542 Ma and c. 2.9–2.2 Ga). However, field structural relationships indicate that migmatization occurred synchronously with the emplacement of the quartz dioritic magmas at c. 299 Ma. Thus, the r ...
... yield inherited ages from the Precambrian metasedimentary protolith (with two main age clusters at c. 730–542 Ma and c. 2.9–2.2 Ga). However, field structural relationships indicate that migmatization occurred synchronously with the emplacement of the quartz dioritic magmas at c. 299 Ma. Thus, the r ...
Precambrian - E. R. Greenman
... A shield and platform make up a craton, a continent’s ancient nucleus Along the margins of cratons, more continental crust was added as the continents took their present sizes and shapes Both Archean and Proterozoic rocks show evidence of episodes of deformation accompanied by metamorphism, igneous ...
... A shield and platform make up a craton, a continent’s ancient nucleus Along the margins of cratons, more continental crust was added as the continents took their present sizes and shapes Both Archean and Proterozoic rocks show evidence of episodes of deformation accompanied by metamorphism, igneous ...
Theory of Plate Tectonics
... Fossils of the same organisms in Africa and South America were discovered This means that the continents were once joined The climates of the past were the same Plate tectonics - the lithosphere of the earth (upper mantle + crust) is fractured in 20 pieces (tectonic plates) that float on the astheno ...
... Fossils of the same organisms in Africa and South America were discovered This means that the continents were once joined The climates of the past were the same Plate tectonics - the lithosphere of the earth (upper mantle + crust) is fractured in 20 pieces (tectonic plates) that float on the astheno ...
View PDF - Goldschmidt Conference Archive
... Plate subduction is an important mechanism for exchanging the mass and energy between the mantle and the crust, and igneous rocks above subduction zones are an important carrier to investigate the recycling of crustal materials and the crust-mantle interaction. This study presents a synthesis of geo ...
... Plate subduction is an important mechanism for exchanging the mass and energy between the mantle and the crust, and igneous rocks above subduction zones are an important carrier to investigate the recycling of crustal materials and the crust-mantle interaction. This study presents a synthesis of geo ...
Study Guide 10
... p. Hot spot q. Mantle plume 2. Where is the Ring of Fire located? 3. Identify the three types of plate boundaries and explain how they are different. ...
... p. Hot spot q. Mantle plume 2. Where is the Ring of Fire located? 3. Identify the three types of plate boundaries and explain how they are different. ...
Archean Greenstone Belts: What are they?
... and base metal mineral deposits and by association are very important to their local economies. The metallogeny of each greenstone belt is directly linked to their unique geodynamic settings and geological history. However, the geodynamic settings are more often than not poorly understood and the re ...
... and base metal mineral deposits and by association are very important to their local economies. The metallogeny of each greenstone belt is directly linked to their unique geodynamic settings and geological history. However, the geodynamic settings are more often than not poorly understood and the re ...
Plate Tectonics II
... This produces a series of downdropped blocks called GRABENS in between the uplifted HORSTS. (The grabens are the valleys, the mountain ranges the horsts.) ...
... This produces a series of downdropped blocks called GRABENS in between the uplifted HORSTS. (The grabens are the valleys, the mountain ranges the horsts.) ...
Geological mapping and geochronology of the Kaaimans Group
... not exceed greenschist facies except where they were superimposed locally by low to medium grade contact metamorphism related to the intrusion of syn-tectonic granite. Evidence from petrogenetic grids indicate temperatures as low as 450°C and pressures between 2 and 3 kbar. Mafic meta-dykes are recr ...
... not exceed greenschist facies except where they were superimposed locally by low to medium grade contact metamorphism related to the intrusion of syn-tectonic granite. Evidence from petrogenetic grids indicate temperatures as low as 450°C and pressures between 2 and 3 kbar. Mafic meta-dykes are recr ...
The fate of continental fragments during subduction at high
... The behaviour of the continental crust subducted to high pressure (HP) conditions remains generally poorly known. Where continental HP-fragments are exhumed back to the surface, they provide insight into the processes occurring at convergent margins. This study is focussed on the central Sesia Zone, ...
... The behaviour of the continental crust subducted to high pressure (HP) conditions remains generally poorly known. Where continental HP-fragments are exhumed back to the surface, they provide insight into the processes occurring at convergent margins. This study is focussed on the central Sesia Zone, ...
Lecture 6 Review Sheet
... boundary, mid-ocean ridge, continental rift, rift valley, rift volcano, rift range or rift mountain, island arc, subduction, magma, volcano, collision zone, orogenic belt, volcanic arc, accretionary wedge, forearc basin, terrigenous/terrestrial sediment, subduction trench, magmatic arc, mountain cha ...
... boundary, mid-ocean ridge, continental rift, rift valley, rift volcano, rift range or rift mountain, island arc, subduction, magma, volcano, collision zone, orogenic belt, volcanic arc, accretionary wedge, forearc basin, terrigenous/terrestrial sediment, subduction trench, magmatic arc, mountain cha ...
Study Guide 1
... identifiable igneous rocks by crystal size volcanic (crystals too small to see) – basalt plutonic (large crystals) – granite how sediment is lithified common types of sedimentary rocks: shale, sandstone, limestone identifiable sedimentary rocks – sandstone, shell limestone what is metamorphism w ...
... identifiable igneous rocks by crystal size volcanic (crystals too small to see) – basalt plutonic (large crystals) – granite how sediment is lithified common types of sedimentary rocks: shale, sandstone, limestone identifiable sedimentary rocks – sandstone, shell limestone what is metamorphism w ...
What is the Plate Tectonic Theory?
... lithospheres crustal plates (which is part continental and oceanic crust). ...
... lithospheres crustal plates (which is part continental and oceanic crust). ...
ONTOLOGICAL REPRESENTATION OF RIFTS
... ONTOLOGICAL REPRESENTATION OF RIFTS Arijit Mitra and A.K. Sinha ...
... ONTOLOGICAL REPRESENTATION OF RIFTS Arijit Mitra and A.K. Sinha ...
Mid Atlantic Ridge (total length of about 60000 km)
... Ridge-push occurs when the weight of the ridge pushes the rest of the tectonic plate away from the ridge, often towards a subduction zone. At the subduction zone, "slab-pull" comes into effect. This is simply the weight of the tectonic plate being subducted (pulled) below the overlying plate draggin ...
... Ridge-push occurs when the weight of the ridge pushes the rest of the tectonic plate away from the ridge, often towards a subduction zone. At the subduction zone, "slab-pull" comes into effect. This is simply the weight of the tectonic plate being subducted (pulled) below the overlying plate draggin ...
The Rocky Mountain Region
... can be distinguished by its unique rock type. • These terranes were covered later by volcanic materials and complicated their interpretation. ...
... can be distinguished by its unique rock type. • These terranes were covered later by volcanic materials and complicated their interpretation. ...
Chapter 7.4 Notes Deformation of the Earth`s Crust *Deformation
... Stike-Slip Fault: form when opposing forces cause rock to slip past each other sideways with little up/down motion. Ex. San Andres Fault in CA. ...
... Stike-Slip Fault: form when opposing forces cause rock to slip past each other sideways with little up/down motion. Ex. San Andres Fault in CA. ...
Plate Tectonics Theory and Boundary Tree Map
... Plate Tectonicstheory that states the Earth’s Lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that are able to move on top of the liquid-like rock making up the Asthenosphere. Plate Boundarylocation where tectonic plates touch. Boundary ...
... Plate Tectonicstheory that states the Earth’s Lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that are able to move on top of the liquid-like rock making up the Asthenosphere. Plate Boundarylocation where tectonic plates touch. Boundary ...
Plate Tectonics Theory and Boundary Tree Map
... Plate Tectonicstheory that states the Earth’s Lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that are able to move on top of the liquid rock making up the Asthenosphere. Plate Boundarylocation where tectonic plates touch. Boundary ...
... Plate Tectonicstheory that states the Earth’s Lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that are able to move on top of the liquid rock making up the Asthenosphere. Plate Boundarylocation where tectonic plates touch. Boundary ...
Chapter 2 Regional Geologic Setting
... slight departure from the above terrane interpretation for the region. Current data indicate that both the Laberge Group and the Stuhini Group strata (which at this latitude represent Stikine Terrane) together constitute an overlap assemblage which is herein termed the Whitehorse Trough overlap asse ...
... slight departure from the above terrane interpretation for the region. Current data indicate that both the Laberge Group and the Stuhini Group strata (which at this latitude represent Stikine Terrane) together constitute an overlap assemblage which is herein termed the Whitehorse Trough overlap asse ...
Geology 208 History of Earth System Midterm Topics 1 Topics
... Polymorphs: diamond graphite, olivine to spinel in transition zone Diagnostic features from structure and composition Igneous Rocks questions can include: Undercooling and competition between nucleation and diffusion leading to growth rates. Glass vs. crystalline, course vs. fine Implication ...
... Polymorphs: diamond graphite, olivine to spinel in transition zone Diagnostic features from structure and composition Igneous Rocks questions can include: Undercooling and competition between nucleation and diffusion leading to growth rates. Glass vs. crystalline, course vs. fine Implication ...
More Principles of Relative Dating Note 2 Inclusions:
... - pieces of one rock are contained (included ) in another - Included rock is the remains of the older rock (usually sedimentary) - rock that has included pieces is younger (usually igneous) ...
... - pieces of one rock are contained (included ) in another - Included rock is the remains of the older rock (usually sedimentary) - rock that has included pieces is younger (usually igneous) ...
File
... 17. What is a timeline? Why is it useful? 18. What does relative dating mean? Give 1-2 examples 19. Name 3 environmental conditions that can affect the world we live in. Tectonic plates: 20. The tectonic plates make up what? 21. How many tectonic plates are there? 22. How do tectonic plates move? 23 ...
... 17. What is a timeline? Why is it useful? 18. What does relative dating mean? Give 1-2 examples 19. Name 3 environmental conditions that can affect the world we live in. Tectonic plates: 20. The tectonic plates make up what? 21. How many tectonic plates are there? 22. How do tectonic plates move? 23 ...
Great Lakes tectonic zone
The Great Lakes tectonic zone is bounded by South Dakota at its tip and heads northeast to south of Duluth, Minnesota, then heads east through northern Wisconsin, Marquette, Michigan, and then trends more northeasterly to skim the northern-most shores of lakes Michigan and Huron before ending in the Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, area.During the Late Archean Era the Algoman orogeny added landmass to the Superior province by volcanic activity and continental collision along a boundary that stretches from present-day South Dakota, U.S., into the Lake Huron region near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.This crustal boundary is the Great Lakes tectonic zone. It is 1,400 km (870 mi) long, and separates the older Archean gneissic terrane to the south from younger Late Archean greenstone-granite terrane to the north.The zone is characterized by active compression during the Algoman orogeny (about 2,700 million years ago), a pulling-apart (extensional) tectonics (2,450 to 2,100 million years ago), a second compression during the Penokean orogeny (1,900 to 1,850 million years ago), a second extension during Middle Proterozoic time (1,600 million years ago) and minor reactivation during Phanerozoic time (the past 500 million years).Collision began along the Great Lakes tectonic zone (GLTZ) with the Algoman mountain-building event and continued for tens of millions of years. During the formation of the GLTZ, the gneissic Minnesota River Valley subprovince was thrust up onto the Superior province's edge as it consumed the Superior province's oceanic crust. Fragmentation of the Kenorland supercontinent began 2,450 million years ago and was completed by 2,100 million years ago. The Wyoming province is the continental landmass that is hypothesized to have rifted away from the southern Superior province portion of Kenorland, before moving rapidly west and docking with the Laurentia supercontinent 1,850 to 1,715 million years ago. Sedimentation from the GLTZ-rifting environment continued into the Penokean orogeny, which is the next major tectonic event in the Great Lakes region. Several earthquakes have been documented in Minnesota, Michigan's Upper Peninsula and Sudbury in the last 120 years along the GLTZ.