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Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics by COMT
Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics by COMT

... greater burden of ADHD molecular genetic risk variants (Hamshere et al., 2013). Although there is consistent evidence that genes contribute to aggression in children with ADHD, the mechanisms by which they confer risk remain unknown. Increasingly, gene variants are presumed to impact on psychopathol ...
1 x 10
1 x 10

Ten-year outcome: patients with schizoaffective disorders
Ten-year outcome: patients with schizoaffective disorders

Persistent Depressive Disorder or Dysthymia
Persistent Depressive Disorder or Dysthymia

... to a multidisciplinary audience, this article presents an explanation of dysthymia by explaining current assessment and treatment approaches. ...
measurement of psychological impairment in matters of civil litigation
measurement of psychological impairment in matters of civil litigation

Types of Insomnia
Types of Insomnia

... ▫ Trying too hard: spending time in bed when cannot sleep ▫ Worrying: because of having difficulty in sleeping, people may become worry ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Stimulants appear to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. These ADHD medications help improve the core signs and symptoms of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity — sometimes dramatically. Additionally, the right dose varies from child to child, so it may take s ...
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

... gene have thinner brain tissue in the areas of the brain associated with attention. This NIMH research showed that the difference was not permanent, however, and as children with this gene grew up, the brain developed to a normal level of thickness. Their ADHD symptoms also improved.4 Environmental ...
NIMH Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Publication
NIMH Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Publication

... gene have thinner brain tissue in the areas of the brain associated with attention. This NIMH research showed that the difference was not permanent, however, and as children with this gene grew up, the brain developed to a normal level of thickness. Their ADHD symptoms also improved.4 Environmental ...
The construct validity of passive
The construct validity of passive

... Although Passive Aggressive personality disorder (PAPD) plays an important role in many theories of personality pathology, it was consigned to the appendix of the fourth edition of the DSM. The scientific basis of this decision has been questioned, but several controversies persist regarding PAPD, i ...
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome:
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome:

... The Greek origin of syndrome is syn– together, and ­drome  ­ a track for running. One must determine the  tracks of travel and observe the travel of a patient’s syndrome components.  Because research definitions  define a static collection of symptom entities, they have ignored or downplayed the cri ...
An Evolutionary Perspective on Panic Disorder and
An Evolutionary Perspective on Panic Disorder and

... upper motor neuron, and paralysis, which indicates some defect in the neuromuscular system. Congestive heart failure also results from defects, although a variety of compensatory mechanisms are also in evidence. Some medical problems are fundamentally different, however, in that they are coordinated ...
Clinical Perspectives on the Applicability of “ACOA” as a Diagnosis
Clinical Perspectives on the Applicability of “ACOA” as a Diagnosis

... York Times bestseller. Though the symptomology she described had not been empirically validated, the book spawned a “grassroots following” (Saxon, 1994). In 1984, Dr. Timmen Cermak applied the term “codependency” to adult children of alcoholics, developed diagnostic criteria, and proposed its inclus ...
The World Health Organization adult ADHD self
The World Health Organization adult ADHD self

Depressive disorders include disruptive mood
Depressive disorders include disruptive mood

... unknown, but both are probably the result of a complex interplay between biology, genetics, environment, and personality. In simpler terms, someone is born with a susceptibility to major depressive disorder or dysthymia and the disease develops because that individual is exposed to specific risk fac ...
persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

... unknown, but both are probably the result of a complex interplay between biology, genetics, environment, and personality. In simpler terms, someone is born with a susceptibility to major depressive disorder or dysthymia and the disease develops because that individual is exposed to specific risk fac ...
There is a complex relationship between biology, specifically family
There is a complex relationship between biology, specifically family

... with a higher score representing a more advanced level of functioning. (American Psychiatric Association 2000). Even though each individual can have a diagnosis with five axes, it is not necessary; individuals may receive as few as one axis diagnosis. Because obviously it is not an abnormality that ...
4_ADHD Science Daily articles
4_ADHD Science Daily articles

... disorders are currently thought to be entirely separate, there is some overlap between ADHD and autism in terms of symptoms and learning difficulties. This new research suggests there may be a shared biological basis to the two conditions. The most significant overlap was found at a particular regio ...
Introductory Packet: Affect and Mood Problems
Introductory Packet: Affect and Mood Problems

... to situation, and from culture to culture. Even within a culture, a wide variation in affective display can be considered normal. Certain individuals may gesture prolifically while talking, and display dramatic facial expressions in reaction to social situations or other stimuli. Others may show lit ...
Characteristics of Binge Eating Disorder in Relation
Characteristics of Binge Eating Disorder in Relation

... There is variability in the amount of evidence available for the individual diagnostic criteria for BED. However, in a study that examined the heritability of BED, factor loadings for each of the diagnostic criteria for BED were found to be highly associated with the propensity toward BED. This find ...
Personality Student Presentation
Personality Student Presentation

... about our personality ? Links between personality, emotion, health and illness have long been described The link gained credibility as present day research between stress and illness grew Our personality can be molded in different ways Nature vs Nurture - genes (biological factors ) - environmental ...
Counseling Children with ADHD: Three Focus Areas
Counseling Children with ADHD: Three Focus Areas

psychodynamic psychotherapy versus cognitive behavior
psychodynamic psychotherapy versus cognitive behavior

... subscales Generalized Anxiety, Agoraphobia, Depression, Somatization, Psychotic symptoms, Hostility, Sleeping problems, and Other problems, the SPAI subscale Agoraphobia, and the FQ subscales Agoraphobia and Blood/Injury. Rater- and Behavior Assessments Social Phobia Disorders Severity and Change Sc ...
Assessment of Malingering in a Jail Setting
Assessment of Malingering in a Jail Setting

... malingering in forensic settings Malingering for psychotropic medications is a growing problem for jails Assessment of malingering should involve collateral observations and records Consider the adjunct use of validated screens (M-FAST) and tests (SIRS) Need better exchange of clinical information b ...
Clinical Considerations for an Intake Assessment
Clinical Considerations for an Intake Assessment

... Initial Comments/Assessment Summary ...
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Asperger syndrome



Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's syndrome, Asperger disorder (AD) or simply Asperger's, is an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, alongside restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. It differs from other autism spectrum disorders by its relative preservation of linguistic and cognitive development. Although not required for diagnosis, physical clumsiness and atypical (peculiar or odd) use of language are frequently reported. The diagnosis of Asperger's was eliminated in the 2013 fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and replaced by a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder on a severity scale.The syndrome is named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger who, in 1944, studied and described children in his practice who lacked nonverbal communication skills, demonstrated limited empathy with their peers, and were physically clumsy. The modern conception of Asperger syndrome came into existence in 1981 and went through a period of popularization, becoming standardized as a diagnosis in the early 1990s. Many questions and controversies remain about aspects of the disorder. There is doubt about whether it is distinct from high-functioning autism (HFA); partly because of this, its prevalence is not firmly established.The exact cause of Asperger's is unknown. Although research suggests the likelihood of a genetic basis, there is no known genetic cause, and brain imaging techniques have not identified a clear common pathology. There is no single treatment, and the effectiveness of particular interventions is supported by only limited data. Intervention is aimed at improving symptoms and function. The mainstay of management is behavioral therapy, focusing on specific deficits to address poor communication skills, obsessive or repetitive routines, and physical clumsiness. Most children improve as they mature to adulthood, but social and communication difficulties may persist. Some researchers and people with Asperger's have advocated a shift in attitudes toward the view that it is a difference, rather than a disease that must be treated or cured. Globally Asperger's is estimated to affect 31 million people as of 2013.
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