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Engineering Energy Conversion Devices
... scientist is studying the physics of the situation, perhaps using a computer model to fast ...
... scientist is studying the physics of the situation, perhaps using a computer model to fast ...
The Pioneer Effect Discovery and the Amazing Theory that Predicted it
... decade prior to the effect first becoming noticeable to the JPL group and 18 years prior to the publication of the JPL findings, but receiving no mention in their paper. Most would agree that if a theory makes a prediction and that prediction is later verified, then there is good reason to consider ...
... decade prior to the effect first becoming noticeable to the JPL group and 18 years prior to the publication of the JPL findings, but receiving no mention in their paper. Most would agree that if a theory makes a prediction and that prediction is later verified, then there is good reason to consider ...
Populations of Galaxies and their Formation at z < 7
... How many stars are there in the universe? Integrated mass function at z = 0: Integrated history z = 0 - 1000 ...
... How many stars are there in the universe? Integrated mass function at z = 0: Integrated history z = 0 - 1000 ...
PPT - ALFALFA survey
... (it is volume limited!). The full ADBS sample includes 265 galaxies over ~420 sq. deg. • Since it is a “blind” HI survey, it does not suffer from optical selection effects and therefore offers a unique, unbiased look at the gas-rich galaxy population in the local universe. • Over 30% of the ADBS gal ...
... (it is volume limited!). The full ADBS sample includes 265 galaxies over ~420 sq. deg. • Since it is a “blind” HI survey, it does not suffer from optical selection effects and therefore offers a unique, unbiased look at the gas-rich galaxy population in the local universe. • Over 30% of the ADBS gal ...
THE LONG-SUPPRESSED SOURCE CHARGE PROBLEM
... Indeed, every charge and every dipole is a true “Maxwell’s demon” {19,20} perpetually accepting, reordering, and coherently integrating virtual energy from the vacuum and perpetually re-emitting it as real EM energy radiated in all directions in 3-space. Since all EM fields and potentials and their ...
... Indeed, every charge and every dipole is a true “Maxwell’s demon” {19,20} perpetually accepting, reordering, and coherently integrating virtual energy from the vacuum and perpetually re-emitting it as real EM energy radiated in all directions in 3-space. Since all EM fields and potentials and their ...
Introduction to Cosmology - Experimental Elementary Particle
... cosmologists may adopt a new model for aesthetic or philosophical reasons. For instance, when Copernicus proposed a new Sun-centered model of the universe, to replace the Earth-centered two-sphere model of the Greeks, he didn’t base his model on new observational discoveries. Rather, he believed tha ...
... cosmologists may adopt a new model for aesthetic or philosophical reasons. For instance, when Copernicus proposed a new Sun-centered model of the universe, to replace the Earth-centered two-sphere model of the Greeks, he didn’t base his model on new observational discoveries. Rather, he believed tha ...
Lesson 3: Energy Takes Many Forms
... but that change hasn’t happened yet. Its energy potential exists because of the object’s position or because of the arrangement of parts (its chemical make up). Also explain that because we can’t see or touch energy this idea is very difficult to understand even for adults! Take the same approach wi ...
... but that change hasn’t happened yet. Its energy potential exists because of the object’s position or because of the arrangement of parts (its chemical make up). Also explain that because we can’t see or touch energy this idea is very difficult to understand even for adults! Take the same approach wi ...
Permissible NESS COP>1.0 Electrical Power Systems Taking
... equilibrium and maximum entropy as closed systems do—has not occurred. Instead, the expansion of the universe is accelerating, which indicates negentropic operations are ongoing and continuing to increase the energy of the observable universe. The observable universe is not thermodynamically closed. ...
... equilibrium and maximum entropy as closed systems do—has not occurred. Instead, the expansion of the universe is accelerating, which indicates negentropic operations are ongoing and continuing to increase the energy of the observable universe. The observable universe is not thermodynamically closed. ...
Light on Dark Matter with Weak Gravitational Lensing
... Abstract— This paper reviews statistical methods recently developed to reconstruct and analyze dark matter mass maps from weak lensing observations. The field of weak lensing is motivated by the observations made in the last decades showing that the visible matter represents only about 4-5% of the U ...
... Abstract— This paper reviews statistical methods recently developed to reconstruct and analyze dark matter mass maps from weak lensing observations. The field of weak lensing is motivated by the observations made in the last decades showing that the visible matter represents only about 4-5% of the U ...
Energy Stored by Radiating Systems
... The total energy of a dynamic system, see Box 1, represents a well-known and fundamental characteristic describing the energy stored in all of its degrees of freedom. By contrast, the observable part of total energy is a more subtle quantity typically defined in such a way that its value has a direc ...
... The total energy of a dynamic system, see Box 1, represents a well-known and fundamental characteristic describing the energy stored in all of its degrees of freedom. By contrast, the observable part of total energy is a more subtle quantity typically defined in such a way that its value has a direc ...
Dark Weak Force and Condensed Matter Contents
... not. For a long time the hypothesis was that the charges are feeded to larger space-time sheets in this length scale rather than screened by vacuum charges so that an effective screening results in electro-weak length scale. A more promising approach inspired by the TGD based view about dark matter ...
... not. For a long time the hypothesis was that the charges are feeded to larger space-time sheets in this length scale rather than screened by vacuum charges so that an effective screening results in electro-weak length scale. A more promising approach inspired by the TGD based view about dark matter ...
The Theory of Everything: The Origin and Fate of the Universe
... An explanation was provided only much later, in 1687, when Newton published his Principia Mathematica Naturalis Causae. This was probably the most important single work ever published in the physical sciences. In it, Newton not only put forward a theory of how bodies moved in space and time, but he ...
... An explanation was provided only much later, in 1687, when Newton published his Principia Mathematica Naturalis Causae. This was probably the most important single work ever published in the physical sciences. In it, Newton not only put forward a theory of how bodies moved in space and time, but he ...
The quest for the size of the universe in early relativistic cosmology
... equations, formulated in 1917 by Einstein and by de Sitter, were the main focus of interest during the early phase of relativistic cosmology. These solutions represented by their intention a static universe with finite curvature radius. The Einstein universe was spherical and filled with matter, whe ...
... equations, formulated in 1917 by Einstein and by de Sitter, were the main focus of interest during the early phase of relativistic cosmology. These solutions represented by their intention a static universe with finite curvature radius. The Einstein universe was spherical and filled with matter, whe ...
Astronomy Chapter 17 – Galaxies A. Main Ideas 1. Discovering
... parallax to measure such large distances because the angle by which the galaxy’s position changes as we move around the Sun is too small to be measured. Astronomers use the method of standard candles to measure the distance to distant galaxies. Using the inverse-square law and the known luminosity o ...
... parallax to measure such large distances because the angle by which the galaxy’s position changes as we move around the Sun is too small to be measured. Astronomers use the method of standard candles to measure the distance to distant galaxies. Using the inverse-square law and the known luminosity o ...
Astrophysical explosions: from solar flares to cosmic gamma
... densities of 1014 g cm−3 to the rarified gas between stars with scarcely one particle per cubic centimetre or 10−24 g cm−3 . Atomic, nuclear and plasma physics are all intimately involved. Turbulence and transport—of particles, photons and neutrinos—are critical ingredients in virtually all the probl ...
... densities of 1014 g cm−3 to the rarified gas between stars with scarcely one particle per cubic centimetre or 10−24 g cm−3 . Atomic, nuclear and plasma physics are all intimately involved. Turbulence and transport—of particles, photons and neutrinos—are critical ingredients in virtually all the probl ...
Current-voltage and kinetic energy flux relations for relativistic field
... These observations suggest the need to extend Knight’s (1973) theory to encompass relativistic situations, in which the plasma electrons are either very energetic initially, or become so due to the presence of field-aligned potentials which are comparable with or exceed the electron rest energy (∼51 ...
... These observations suggest the need to extend Knight’s (1973) theory to encompass relativistic situations, in which the plasma electrons are either very energetic initially, or become so due to the presence of field-aligned potentials which are comparable with or exceed the electron rest energy (∼51 ...
the periodic waveguided multiverse design
... Attempts at building the 5D-general theory of electricity and gravity--------------------------------------------------6 Planckian-Einsteinian roots of the periodic waveguided Multiverse-concept----------------------------------------7 Periodic 3D-waveguide’s concept of the global 4D-hyperspace----- ...
... Attempts at building the 5D-general theory of electricity and gravity--------------------------------------------------6 Planckian-Einsteinian roots of the periodic waveguided Multiverse-concept----------------------------------------7 Periodic 3D-waveguide’s concept of the global 4D-hyperspace----- ...
The Fundamental Process of Energy – Part I
... discussed later in connection with the energy of mass. Are photons the only fundamental particle of energy? It is quite possible that this is the case. If so, then any other energy particles would necessarily be an assembly of photons. (Mass particles will be discussed later.) However, if there are ...
... discussed later in connection with the energy of mass. Are photons the only fundamental particle of energy? It is quite possible that this is the case. If so, then any other energy particles would necessarily be an assembly of photons. (Mass particles will be discussed later.) However, if there are ...
Finding Dark Matter
... • Developed computational tools and protocols for analyzing many GBs of nightly CTIO observations in almost real time to pick out interesting events and prioritize them for followup observation – Follow-up is time critical because events are only active for a few weeks ...
... • Developed computational tools and protocols for analyzing many GBs of nightly CTIO observations in almost real time to pick out interesting events and prioritize them for followup observation – Follow-up is time critical because events are only active for a few weeks ...
Major Understanding - Rochester City School District
... the city blocks, determine the distance and displacement between two points. ...
... the city blocks, determine the distance and displacement between two points. ...
Dark energy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dark_Energy.jpg?width=300)
In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy which is hypothesized to permeate all of space, tending to accelerate the expansion of the universe. Dark energy is the most accepted hypothesis to explain the observations since the 1990s indicating that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. Assuming that the standard model of cosmology is correct, the best current measurements indicate that dark energy contributes 68.3% of the total energy in the present-day observable universe. The mass–energy of dark matter and ordinary matter contribute 26.8% and 4.9%, respectively, and other components such as neutrinos and photons contribute a very small amount. Again on a mass–energy equivalence basis, the density of dark energy (6.91 × 10−27 kg/m3) is very low, much less than the density of ordinary matter or dark matter within galaxies. However, it comes to dominate the mass–energy of the universe because it is uniform across space.Two proposed forms for dark energy are the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, and scalar fields such as quintessence or moduli, dynamic quantities whose energy density can vary in time and space. Contributions from scalar fields that are constant in space are usually also included in the cosmological constant. The cosmological constant can be formulated to be equivalent to vacuum energy. Scalar fields that do change in space can be difficult to distinguish from a cosmological constant because the change may be extremely slow.High-precision measurements of the expansion of the universe are required to understand how the expansion rate changes over time and space. In general relativity, the evolution of the expansion rate is parameterized by the cosmological equation of state (the relationship between temperature, pressure, and combined matter, energy, and vacuum energy density for any region of space). Measuring the equation of state for dark energy is one of the biggest efforts in observational cosmology today.Adding the cosmological constant to cosmology's standard FLRW metric leads to the Lambda-CDM model, which has been referred to as the ""standard model of cosmology"" because of its precise agreement with observations. Dark energy has been used as a crucial ingredient in a recent attempt to formulate a cyclic model for the universe.