• Teacher developed presentations. • Teacher developed laboratory
... 3.3.10. B Origin and Evolution of the Universe ...
... 3.3.10. B Origin and Evolution of the Universe ...
Origin of the Chemical Elements
... once free electrons and protons into neutral atoms when the temperature of the Universe dropped below kT = 13.6 eV (the ionization energy of the H-atom, i.e., T = 1.58105 K) to nearly 1 eV (1.16104 K). (Note: In certain branches of physics it is customary to express temperature in eV units through ...
... once free electrons and protons into neutral atoms when the temperature of the Universe dropped below kT = 13.6 eV (the ionization energy of the H-atom, i.e., T = 1.58105 K) to nearly 1 eV (1.16104 K). (Note: In certain branches of physics it is customary to express temperature in eV units through ...
Exploring Neutral Hydrogen and Galaxy Evolution with the SKA
... the redshift range z=0.164−0.224, centered on the galaxy clusters Abell 2192 at z = 0.187 and Abell 963 at z = 0.206. A963 is a massive, lensing, X-ray bright, Butcher-Oemler cluster with an unusual high fraction of blue galaxies in its center. The main scientific goal of BUDHIES is to characterize ...
... the redshift range z=0.164−0.224, centered on the galaxy clusters Abell 2192 at z = 0.187 and Abell 963 at z = 0.206. A963 is a massive, lensing, X-ray bright, Butcher-Oemler cluster with an unusual high fraction of blue galaxies in its center. The main scientific goal of BUDHIES is to characterize ...
Chapter 15 Normal and Active Galaxies
... The Distribution of Galaxies in Space There are three spirals in this group – the Milky Way, Andromeda, and M33. These and their satellites – about 45 galaxies in all – form the Local Group. Such a group of galaxies, held together by its own gravity, is called a galaxy cluster. ...
... The Distribution of Galaxies in Space There are three spirals in this group – the Milky Way, Andromeda, and M33. These and their satellites – about 45 galaxies in all – form the Local Group. Such a group of galaxies, held together by its own gravity, is called a galaxy cluster. ...
THE MORPHOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHICS OF GALAXIES IN THE
... has been modified from earlier BPZ versions to remove differences between the predicted colors and those of real galaxies, which results in improved BPZ estimates (see Benítez et al. 2004, for details). We note that Coe et al. (2005) have followed a similar approach to estimate the UV-SFR using also ...
... has been modified from earlier BPZ versions to remove differences between the predicted colors and those of real galaxies, which results in improved BPZ estimates (see Benítez et al. 2004, for details). We note that Coe et al. (2005) have followed a similar approach to estimate the UV-SFR using also ...
AGN surveys to study galaxy evolution along cosmic times
... local volume density of AGNs above 1041 erg/s of 2.4×10−3 Mpc−3 , which is about 10% of the total luminous local galaxy density above M* = −19.75. • Mid-IR excess: Spinoglio & Malkan (1989) first found that there is a spectral interval (7-12 μm) at which the absorption of the original continuum is ba ...
... local volume density of AGNs above 1041 erg/s of 2.4×10−3 Mpc−3 , which is about 10% of the total luminous local galaxy density above M* = −19.75. • Mid-IR excess: Spinoglio & Malkan (1989) first found that there is a spectral interval (7-12 μm) at which the absorption of the original continuum is ba ...
Evolution of galaxy morphology - Lecture 1 - NCRA-TIFR
... gravitationally bound agglomerations of stars, dust, gas, dark matter. Mass ratio Gas:Stars:Dark Matter - 1:10:100 they are the basic building blocks of the Universe on large scales they show a broad range in their physical properties Understanding of galaxy formation and evolution is one of the mai ...
... gravitationally bound agglomerations of stars, dust, gas, dark matter. Mass ratio Gas:Stars:Dark Matter - 1:10:100 they are the basic building blocks of the Universe on large scales they show a broad range in their physical properties Understanding of galaxy formation and evolution is one of the mai ...
Why do we Still Believe in Newton`s Law? Facts, Myths and Methods
... balance with 13521 kg of mercury as field masses Their measurement G = 6.67407(22) at a distance of 1 m agreed with other recent values (see the references in there). The above superconducting gravimeter was used by [31] to determine G from the water level variation of a little storage lake, with th ...
... balance with 13521 kg of mercury as field masses Their measurement G = 6.67407(22) at a distance of 1 m agreed with other recent values (see the references in there). The above superconducting gravimeter was used by [31] to determine G from the water level variation of a little storage lake, with th ...
8-4.9 - S2TEM Centers SC
... Some incorrect believes children often hold include but are not limited to: The planets are relatively similar in size to the Sun and are relatively close in distance to one another. (The diameters of the planets are vastly different. The distances between the last five planets are much greater th ...
... Some incorrect believes children often hold include but are not limited to: The planets are relatively similar in size to the Sun and are relatively close in distance to one another. (The diameters of the planets are vastly different. The distances between the last five planets are much greater th ...
P1 topic 3 - WordPress.com
... (iii) One theory of the origin of the Universe predicted that there should be cosmic background radiation with a wavelength of about 1 mm. Explain why scientists had to wait until the development of space flight before they could study this radiation in detail. ...
... (iii) One theory of the origin of the Universe predicted that there should be cosmic background radiation with a wavelength of about 1 mm. Explain why scientists had to wait until the development of space flight before they could study this radiation in detail. ...
Starburst Galaxies Encyclopedia of Astronomy & Astrophysics eaa.iop.org T Heckman
... ‘magic’ value for SFR that separates normal and starburst galaxies. A continuum of values is observed, spanning at least 6 orders of magnitude from the most quiescent starforming normal galaxies to the most intense starbursts. Although calculating a global value for SFR is a useful way to quantify ...
... ‘magic’ value for SFR that separates normal and starburst galaxies. A continuum of values is observed, spanning at least 6 orders of magnitude from the most quiescent starforming normal galaxies to the most intense starbursts. Although calculating a global value for SFR is a useful way to quantify ...
13.1 Galaxy Evolution: Introduction
... stellar mass and and age we need a spectrum. So, we need libraries of stellar spectra that can be associated with all components of the stellar population at any given age. This is actually not an easy thing to do, because we can observe a lot near us but, for example, we have no ...
... stellar mass and and age we need a spectrum. So, we need libraries of stellar spectra that can be associated with all components of the stellar population at any given age. This is actually not an easy thing to do, because we can observe a lot near us but, for example, we have no ...
3. Chapter 12
... astronomers have been doing—using supercomputers, mathematics, and logic—to study how and when these galaxies might all have been in the same place at the same time. The search for an explanation of the universe’s formation has now been going on for more than 80 years. Today, the most widely support ...
... astronomers have been doing—using supercomputers, mathematics, and logic—to study how and when these galaxies might all have been in the same place at the same time. The search for an explanation of the universe’s formation has now been going on for more than 80 years. Today, the most widely support ...
Lecture 2 Astronomical Distances
... Cepheid distance calibration was wrong (dust in Milky Way was not yet recognised). ...
... Cepheid distance calibration was wrong (dust in Milky Way was not yet recognised). ...
lecture outlines
... 2. The life and times of Nicholas Copernicus 3. The Gregorian Calendar reform 4. The Copernican System: a description- circles and heliocentricism 5. The Copernican System: an explanation- the 3 motions of the heavens 6. The Copernican System: an evaluation- stellar parallax, planetary predictions, ...
... 2. The life and times of Nicholas Copernicus 3. The Gregorian Calendar reform 4. The Copernican System: a description- circles and heliocentricism 5. The Copernican System: an explanation- the 3 motions of the heavens 6. The Copernican System: an evaluation- stellar parallax, planetary predictions, ...
Answering the Fermi Paradox - Acceleration Studies Foundation
... local contingency, a theory of evolutionary development, what we call metaDarwinism, is only now in the early stages of emergence. Because of this outlook, biologists such as Francisco Ayala think that life, and particularly intelligent life, must be extremely rare and contingent in the universe. Th ...
... local contingency, a theory of evolutionary development, what we call metaDarwinism, is only now in the early stages of emergence. Because of this outlook, biologists such as Francisco Ayala think that life, and particularly intelligent life, must be extremely rare and contingent in the universe. Th ...
21_Testbank
... 2) Why are telescopes sometimes called "time machines"? A) because the author, H.G. Wells, used the term to describe telescopes in a book B) because some of the oldest telescopes are still in use today C) because observations of distant objects reveal them as they were in the past D) because astrono ...
... 2) Why are telescopes sometimes called "time machines"? A) because the author, H.G. Wells, used the term to describe telescopes in a book B) because some of the oldest telescopes are still in use today C) because observations of distant objects reveal them as they were in the past D) because astrono ...
The Theory of Everything: The Origin and Fate of the Universe
... hand, did not like the idea of a creation because it made too much of divine intervention. They believed, therefore, that the human race and the world around it had existed, and would exist, forever. They had already considered the argument about progress, described earlier, and answered it by sayin ...
... hand, did not like the idea of a creation because it made too much of divine intervention. They believed, therefore, that the human race and the world around it had existed, and would exist, forever. They had already considered the argument about progress, described earlier, and answered it by sayin ...
ASPEN WORKSHOP 2003
... ellipticals, larger in bluer galaxies, up to few tenths. AI(Red), or AI(Blue) >0.3 suggests interaction, as in half of ULIRGS [as long as they are identified as “single galaxy”!] Simulations show that AI stays above 0.35 for about 700 Myears, but NOT for face-on HDF application: rest frame B morphol ...
... ellipticals, larger in bluer galaxies, up to few tenths. AI(Red), or AI(Blue) >0.3 suggests interaction, as in half of ULIRGS [as long as they are identified as “single galaxy”!] Simulations show that AI stays above 0.35 for about 700 Myears, but NOT for face-on HDF application: rest frame B morphol ...
File 11 - School of Astronomy, IPM
... I Zwicky 18 is a dwarf irregular galaxy located about 59 million light years away. The galaxy was first identified by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky in a 1930s photographic survey of galaxies. ...
... I Zwicky 18 is a dwarf irregular galaxy located about 59 million light years away. The galaxy was first identified by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky in a 1930s photographic survey of galaxies. ...
mg_colloq - University of Massachusetts Amherst
... Residuals consistent with NORMAL surface density of intervening sources ...
... Residuals consistent with NORMAL surface density of intervening sources ...
Galaxy Evolution Encyclopedia of Astronomy & Astrophysics eaa.iop.org Mauro Giavalisco
... The galaxies that we observe in the universe at the present time exhibit a remarkable variety of properties, such as morphology, colors, luminosity and dynamics. There are galaxies which are one hundred times brighter than our own Milky Way and others that have one thousandth its luminosity. Some ga ...
... The galaxies that we observe in the universe at the present time exhibit a remarkable variety of properties, such as morphology, colors, luminosity and dynamics. There are galaxies which are one hundred times brighter than our own Milky Way and others that have one thousandth its luminosity. Some ga ...
790121《Taking Back Astronomy》(Jason Lisle)
... 2,000 galaxies. Clusters of galaxies are organized into even larger superclusters—clusters of clusters. Superclusters show organization on the largest scales we can currently observe; they form an intricate web of strings and voids throughout the visible universe. Just think about the quantity of e ...
... 2,000 galaxies. Clusters of galaxies are organized into even larger superclusters—clusters of clusters. Superclusters show organization on the largest scales we can currently observe; they form an intricate web of strings and voids throughout the visible universe. Just think about the quantity of e ...
Galaxy Evolution
... The galaxies that we observe in the universe at the present time exhibit a remarkable variety of properties, such as morphology, colors, luminosity and dynamics. There are galaxies which are one hundred times brighter than our own Milky Way and others that have one thousandth its luminosity. Some ga ...
... The galaxies that we observe in the universe at the present time exhibit a remarkable variety of properties, such as morphology, colors, luminosity and dynamics. There are galaxies which are one hundred times brighter than our own Milky Way and others that have one thousandth its luminosity. Some ga ...
10 Astrophysics (Option E)
... affect the position of the stars because this movement is very small compared to the distance to the stars, but it does affect when we can see them. If the axes of the Earth and the Sun were the same, then the Sun would simply appear and disappear at the same place every day, as the stars do. The ti ...
... affect the position of the stars because this movement is very small compared to the distance to the stars, but it does affect when we can see them. If the axes of the Earth and the Sun were the same, then the Sun would simply appear and disappear at the same place every day, as the stars do. The ti ...
Observable universe
The observable universe consists of the galaxies and other matter that can, in principle, be observed from Earth at the present time because light and other signals from these objects has had time to reach the Earth since the beginning of the cosmological expansion. Assuming the universe is isotropic, the distance to the edge of the observable universe is roughly the same in every direction. That is, the observable universe is a spherical volume (a ball) centered on the observer. Every location in the Universe has its own observable universe, which may or may not overlap with the one centered on Earth.The word observable used in this sense does not depend on whether modern technology actually permits detection of radiation from an object in this region (or indeed on whether there is any radiation to detect). It simply indicates that it is possible in principle for light or other signals from the object to reach an observer on Earth. In practice, we can see light only from as far back as the time of photon decoupling in the recombination epoch. That is when particles were first able to emit photons that were not quickly re-absorbed by other particles. Before then, the Universe was filled with a plasma that was opaque to photons.The surface of last scattering is the collection of points in space at the exact distance that photons from the time of photon decoupling just reach us today. These are the photons we detect today as cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR). However, with future technology, it may be possible to observe the still older relic neutrino background, or even more distant events via gravitational waves (which also should move at the speed of light). Sometimes astrophysicists distinguish between the visible universe, which includes only signals emitted since recombination—and the observable universe, which includes signals since the beginning of the cosmological expansion (the Big Bang in traditional cosmology, the end of the inflationary epoch in modern cosmology). According to calculations, the comoving distance (current proper distance) to particles from the CMBR, which represent the radius of the visible universe, is about 14.0 billion parsecs (about 45.7 billion light years), while the comoving distance to the edge of the observable universe is about 14.3 billion parsecs (about 46.6 billion light years), about 2% larger.The best estimate of the age of the universe as of 2015 is 7010137990000000000♠13.799±0.021 billion years but due to the expansion of space humans are observing objects that were originally much closer but are now considerably farther away (as defined in terms of cosmological proper distance, which is equal to the comoving distance at the present time) than a static 13.8 billion light-years distance. It is estimated that the diameter of the observable universe is about 28 gigaparsecs (91 billion light-years, 8.8×1026 metres or 5.5×1023 miles), putting the edge of the observable universe at about 46–47 billion light-years away.