LDhat 2.2: A package for the population genetic analysis of
... Performs estimation of the population-scaled recombination rate ρ = 4Ne r for diploid species, or ρ = 2Ne r for haploid species, where Ne is the effective population size and r is the genetic map distance across the region analysed (the product of the physical distance and the per site rate of recom ...
... Performs estimation of the population-scaled recombination rate ρ = 4Ne r for diploid species, or ρ = 2Ne r for haploid species, where Ne is the effective population size and r is the genetic map distance across the region analysed (the product of the physical distance and the per site rate of recom ...
THE RESPONSE TO ARTIFICIAL SELECTION DUE TO
... Three experiments are involved in the study reported in the second paper of this series. Experiment 1 was concerned specifically with genes of large effect, under selection of moderate to high intensity in populations of effective breeding size in the range 5-10. Three regimes were tested at six ini ...
... Three experiments are involved in the study reported in the second paper of this series. Experiment 1 was concerned specifically with genes of large effect, under selection of moderate to high intensity in populations of effective breeding size in the range 5-10. Three regimes were tested at six ini ...
A locus for posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD3
... chain Monte Carlo method of Sobel and Lange [1996] through use of the program SIMWALK2. Haplotype construction was conducted independently by manual haplotype construction and by using SIMWALK2 [Sobel and Lange, 1996]. The test for linkage was performed under an autosomal dominant model, assuming a ...
... chain Monte Carlo method of Sobel and Lange [1996] through use of the program SIMWALK2. Haplotype construction was conducted independently by manual haplotype construction and by using SIMWALK2 [Sobel and Lange, 1996]. The test for linkage was performed under an autosomal dominant model, assuming a ...
Page 1 Heredity (1977), 39 (3), 373
... L, three lines selected for low bristle number; N, three lines in which I hoped to observe any effects of natural selection; and C, three control lines in which neither artificial nor natural selection would operate. The experimental lines S, L and N were set up and maintained by mating M-5 males wi ...
... L, three lines selected for low bristle number; N, three lines in which I hoped to observe any effects of natural selection; and C, three control lines in which neither artificial nor natural selection would operate. The experimental lines S, L and N were set up and maintained by mating M-5 males wi ...
SIGNATURES OF NATURAL SELECTION IN THE HUMAN GENOME
... diseases. Those who were better adapted to local conditions passed on their genes, including those conferring these benefits, with greater frequency. This process of natural selection left signatures in our genome that can be used to identify genes that might underlie variation in disease resistance ...
... diseases. Those who were better adapted to local conditions passed on their genes, including those conferring these benefits, with greater frequency. This process of natural selection left signatures in our genome that can be used to identify genes that might underlie variation in disease resistance ...
signatures of natural selection in the human
... diseases. Those who were better adapted to local conditions passed on their genes, including those conferring these benefits, with greater frequency. This process of natural selection left signatures in our genome that can be used to identify genes that might underlie variation in disease resistance ...
... diseases. Those who were better adapted to local conditions passed on their genes, including those conferring these benefits, with greater frequency. This process of natural selection left signatures in our genome that can be used to identify genes that might underlie variation in disease resistance ...
Excess of Deleterious Mutations around HLA
... In contrast, balancing selection leads to a long-term persistence of common genetic variation in surrounding loci (Charlesworth 2006; Gao et al. 2015). Consequently, it has been proposed that balancing selection may also lead to an excess of deleterious variation around the balanced locus. This scen ...
... In contrast, balancing selection leads to a long-term persistence of common genetic variation in surrounding loci (Charlesworth 2006; Gao et al. 2015). Consequently, it has been proposed that balancing selection may also lead to an excess of deleterious variation around the balanced locus. This scen ...
NAME_________KEY____________________________ Page 2
... c) (2 points) Suppose each of the nucleotide positions were analyzed one-by-one in humans for associations with elevated levels of trait X. Which nucleotide positions would show such an association? Because all humans have the mutation at site 1, it cannot be a cause of variation. The SNP at site 7 ...
... c) (2 points) Suppose each of the nucleotide positions were analyzed one-by-one in humans for associations with elevated levels of trait X. Which nucleotide positions would show such an association? Because all humans have the mutation at site 1, it cannot be a cause of variation. The SNP at site 7 ...
Ch 5 849 - Michigan State University
... plasticity, that is, the phenotypes are very different between environments. Note that all the families respond to the two environments in exactly the same way -- they all decrease by the same amount – which indicates that there is no genetic variation in plasticity. There is still equal genetic var ...
... plasticity, that is, the phenotypes are very different between environments. Note that all the families respond to the two environments in exactly the same way -- they all decrease by the same amount – which indicates that there is no genetic variation in plasticity. There is still equal genetic var ...
Knackstedt, K.A., H.B. Thorpe, C.R. Santangelo, M.A. Balinski, and R
... reports. The availability of multiple inbred strains for class use will increase the likelihood that some students will select two strains with different mean values for the assayed trait. The lab can also be made incrementally more complex at the discretion of the instructor with respect to genetic ...
... reports. The availability of multiple inbred strains for class use will increase the likelihood that some students will select two strains with different mean values for the assayed trait. The lab can also be made incrementally more complex at the discretion of the instructor with respect to genetic ...
Statistic and Analytical Strategies for HLA Data
... For example, if we want to understand the distribution of HLA-B*27 in healthy residents of a certain region and the frequency of the HLA-B*27 gene in patients with ankylosing arthritis, how many individuals should be included in the sample? According to the principle of the hypothesis test, if the s ...
... For example, if we want to understand the distribution of HLA-B*27 in healthy residents of a certain region and the frequency of the HLA-B*27 gene in patients with ankylosing arthritis, how many individuals should be included in the sample? According to the principle of the hypothesis test, if the s ...
Genetic Diversity CHAPTER
... polymorphisms to describe other variations found in the population. Many evolutionary geneticists also prefer to use this definition in this way. However, other geneticists prefer to use the definition provided by Cavalli-Sforza and Bodmer (1971), whereby genetic polymorphism was defined as “the occ ...
... polymorphisms to describe other variations found in the population. Many evolutionary geneticists also prefer to use this definition in this way. However, other geneticists prefer to use the definition provided by Cavalli-Sforza and Bodmer (1971), whereby genetic polymorphism was defined as “the occ ...
Genomic Research to Identify Novel Pathways in the Development
... Carriers of risk alleles are generally at 10–30% increased odds of disease compared to noncarriers. These characteristics necessitate extremely large sample sizes in order to have sufficient statistical power, with recent publications combining multiple studying hundreds of thousands of subjects at ...
... Carriers of risk alleles are generally at 10–30% increased odds of disease compared to noncarriers. These characteristics necessitate extremely large sample sizes in order to have sufficient statistical power, with recent publications combining multiple studying hundreds of thousands of subjects at ...
Documentation - Broad Institute
... one gives you the frequency of deletion starting at the position, the second the frequency of deletions that are extended at this position (this can allow you to distinguish between long deletions or multiple small deletions, and if you want to count deletions as a single event for an analysis no m ...
... one gives you the frequency of deletion starting at the position, the second the frequency of deletions that are extended at this position (this can allow you to distinguish between long deletions or multiple small deletions, and if you want to count deletions as a single event for an analysis no m ...
Elyse Coolidge
... Of the 18 Oprm SNPs examined, the A118G SNP was included. Neither this SNP, nor any of the other 35 SNPs in Oprm and Oprd1 were found to be associated with alcohol, illicit drug, or opioid dependence. However, three SNPs on the Penk gene and two SNPs on the POMC gene were found to be associated with ...
... Of the 18 Oprm SNPs examined, the A118G SNP was included. Neither this SNP, nor any of the other 35 SNPs in Oprm and Oprd1 were found to be associated with alcohol, illicit drug, or opioid dependence. However, three SNPs on the Penk gene and two SNPs on the POMC gene were found to be associated with ...
Identification of Human Polymorphisms in the Phenylthio
... do the variant amino acids alter the structure and/or function of the protein? For answers to some of these questions, group members should read the paper by Floriano and co-workers (2006), in which they describe in-depth, three-dimensional modeling of the protein. It should be noted that PTC tast ...
... do the variant amino acids alter the structure and/or function of the protein? For answers to some of these questions, group members should read the paper by Floriano and co-workers (2006), in which they describe in-depth, three-dimensional modeling of the protein. It should be noted that PTC tast ...
Liberating genetic variance through sex
... At first, we would expect that the recombination load would squelch any mutation that increases the frequency of sex or recombination. However, if such a mutation (known as a ‘‘modifier’’ allele) becomes associated with the fittest alleles within a population, it can escape the recombination load an ...
... At first, we would expect that the recombination load would squelch any mutation that increases the frequency of sex or recombination. However, if such a mutation (known as a ‘‘modifier’’ allele) becomes associated with the fittest alleles within a population, it can escape the recombination load an ...
Genetic Location of Heritable Traits Through Association Studies: A
... underlying a certain trait and the particular place where these genes lie throughout the whole genome. Traditionally, linkage analysis has been used as an important tool to find these locations, first with biochemical and protein markers [1], and later with molecular ones such as Restriction Fragmen ...
... underlying a certain trait and the particular place where these genes lie throughout the whole genome. Traditionally, linkage analysis has been used as an important tool to find these locations, first with biochemical and protein markers [1], and later with molecular ones such as Restriction Fragmen ...
Mitonuclear linkage disequilibrium in human populations
... Figure 1. Illustration of sign epistasis in mitonuclear interactions. The coloured organelles reflect the concept of matched and mismatched pairings between mitochondria and nuclei. associated with physical manipulation of reproductive cells, but an additional concern has emerged from the field of e ...
... Figure 1. Illustration of sign epistasis in mitonuclear interactions. The coloured organelles reflect the concept of matched and mismatched pairings between mitochondria and nuclei. associated with physical manipulation of reproductive cells, but an additional concern has emerged from the field of e ...
Lab (3) Report: Population Genetics
... am homozygous recessive as I have only a single band. There is no difference between my digested and undigested samples as the effect of HaeIII was the same. This is consistent with my PTC results where I empirically tested as a non-taster. Interestingly enough you can notice a discrepancy in genoty ...
... am homozygous recessive as I have only a single band. There is no difference between my digested and undigested samples as the effect of HaeIII was the same. This is consistent with my PTC results where I empirically tested as a non-taster. Interestingly enough you can notice a discrepancy in genoty ...
Article A Molecular Evolutionary Reference for the Human Variome
... acid state at a protein position (or each possible nucleotide state at a genomic position) in a given species using only the interspecific evolutionary history of the position. In the new method, population-level information on observed alleles is not needed when deriving EPs. This independence enab ...
... acid state at a protein position (or each possible nucleotide state at a genomic position) in a given species using only the interspecific evolutionary history of the position. In the new method, population-level information on observed alleles is not needed when deriving EPs. This independence enab ...
Chapter 12
... natural selection and genetic drift do not account for the origin of variation. 2. Natural selection is different from evolution by natural selection. 3. Natural selection can have no evolutionary effect unless phenotypes differ in genotype. 4. Natural selection is variation in average reproductiv ...
... natural selection and genetic drift do not account for the origin of variation. 2. Natural selection is different from evolution by natural selection. 3. Natural selection can have no evolutionary effect unless phenotypes differ in genotype. 4. Natural selection is variation in average reproductiv ...
Category 2000
... coactivator 1 (PPARGC1A) is a versatile coactivator with many functions, but is primarily involved in fat and energy metabolism. Therefore, it is a very interesting candidate gene for meat quality, which is one of the most important criteria in pig selection today. PPARGC1A however, does not have th ...
... coactivator 1 (PPARGC1A) is a versatile coactivator with many functions, but is primarily involved in fat and energy metabolism. Therefore, it is a very interesting candidate gene for meat quality, which is one of the most important criteria in pig selection today. PPARGC1A however, does not have th ...
Mixed modelling to characterize genotype-phenotype
... 2.1. Creating genotype groups Genotype groups are dened simply as groups of individuals with similar or identical multilocus genotypes. As described above, organizing people into groups based on their multi-locus genotype is described in analyses of human genetic data (see for example Reference [27 ...
... 2.1. Creating genotype groups Genotype groups are dened simply as groups of individuals with similar or identical multilocus genotypes. As described above, organizing people into groups based on their multi-locus genotype is described in analyses of human genetic data (see for example Reference [27 ...
Genetic Control of X Chromosome Inactivation in Mice: Definition of
... the choice of which chromosome is inactivated is essentially random, but can be biased by alleles at the X-linked X controlling element (Xce). Although this locus was first described nearly four decades ago, the identity and precise genomic localization of Xce remains elusive. Within the X inactivat ...
... the choice of which chromosome is inactivated is essentially random, but can be biased by alleles at the X-linked X controlling element (Xce). Although this locus was first described nearly four decades ago, the identity and precise genomic localization of Xce remains elusive. Within the X inactivat ...
Tag SNP
A tag SNP is a representative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in a region of the genome with high linkage disequilibrium that represents a group of SNPs called a haplotype. It is possible to identify genetic variation and association to phenotypes without genotyping every SNP in a chromosomal region. This reduces the expense and time of mapping genome areas associated with disease, since it eliminates the need to study every individual SNP. Tag SNPs are useful in whole-genome SNP association studies in which hundreds of thousands of SNPs across the entire genome are genotyped.