Mechanism of delayed hypersensitivity
... • Describe an Arthus reaction. • List the cells involved in a DTH response. • Describe ocular immune privilege • Describe the role Anterior Chamber Associated Immune Deviation (ACAID) is believed to play in an ocular immune response. • Readings: Abbas & Lichtman, Chapter 11 ...
... • Describe an Arthus reaction. • List the cells involved in a DTH response. • Describe ocular immune privilege • Describe the role Anterior Chamber Associated Immune Deviation (ACAID) is believed to play in an ocular immune response. • Readings: Abbas & Lichtman, Chapter 11 ...
lwwus_ijg_jog-d-14-00286 59..61 - MyWeb
... environment such as the retina without cytotoxic T cells, macrophages, or natural killer cells. However, one process that can quickly result in the degeneration of an antibodybound cell in the retina is the activation of the classic complement cascade. This process, which is frequently initialized b ...
... environment such as the retina without cytotoxic T cells, macrophages, or natural killer cells. However, one process that can quickly result in the degeneration of an antibodybound cell in the retina is the activation of the classic complement cascade. This process, which is frequently initialized b ...
Dealing with Garbage is the Immune System`s Main Job
... including Langerhans cells, are garbage pickers, possibly more selective and more reactive to the type of trash that they pick up than the macrophage. Their role will be described later. Like garbage persons (they are genderless), macrophages take up garbage indiscriminately and the material may or ...
... including Langerhans cells, are garbage pickers, possibly more selective and more reactive to the type of trash that they pick up than the macrophage. Their role will be described later. Like garbage persons (they are genderless), macrophages take up garbage indiscriminately and the material may or ...
antigens????
... The response is the same whether or not the pathogen has been previously encountered ...
... The response is the same whether or not the pathogen has been previously encountered ...
Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint
... Bases of tumor immunity • The reaction of immunity is based on reaction to foreign antigen • Tumor must be recognised as foreign – endogennous antigen on the surface of self cells MHC I – Ts, Tc, NK • Alteration of cell antigens during tumorgenesis (lack of MHC I – desactivation of KIR, new antgien ...
... Bases of tumor immunity • The reaction of immunity is based on reaction to foreign antigen • Tumor must be recognised as foreign – endogennous antigen on the surface of self cells MHC I – Ts, Tc, NK • Alteration of cell antigens during tumorgenesis (lack of MHC I – desactivation of KIR, new antgien ...
IV-2 MHC class II-induced neo-self antigens in autoimmune diseases
... Cellular misfolded proteins are generally not transported outside the cells and thus may not be exposed to immune cells. This suggests that immune tolerance may not be induced to the cellular misfolded proteins. However, we recently found that such misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum are ...
... Cellular misfolded proteins are generally not transported outside the cells and thus may not be exposed to immune cells. This suggests that immune tolerance may not be induced to the cellular misfolded proteins. However, we recently found that such misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum are ...
Vaccination - WordPress.com
... disease. 2. Vaccines can help avoid this. Vaccines contain antigens that cause your body to produce memory cells against a specific pathogen. Since the pathogen is dead it does not cause disease. 3. Herd immunity – since vaccines reduce the chances of getting a disease, those who are not vaccinated ...
... disease. 2. Vaccines can help avoid this. Vaccines contain antigens that cause your body to produce memory cells against a specific pathogen. Since the pathogen is dead it does not cause disease. 3. Herd immunity – since vaccines reduce the chances of getting a disease, those who are not vaccinated ...
Self_Test__12_11 505.0 KB
... inflammation and in some cases initiates autoimmune diseases and other disorders. A vital component of the immune system are a collection of proteins that are needed to complete antibody antigen reactions and are known as complement proteins. In fact, the complement system consists of classical, alt ...
... inflammation and in some cases initiates autoimmune diseases and other disorders. A vital component of the immune system are a collection of proteins that are needed to complete antibody antigen reactions and are known as complement proteins. In fact, the complement system consists of classical, alt ...
1. Light Chain
... II. GENERAL FUNCTIONS OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS A. Antigen binding Immunoglobulins bind specifically to one or a few closely related antigens. Each immunoglobulin actually binds to a specific antigenic determinant. Antigen binding by antibodies is the primary function of antibodies and can result in protec ...
... II. GENERAL FUNCTIONS OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS A. Antigen binding Immunoglobulins bind specifically to one or a few closely related antigens. Each immunoglobulin actually binds to a specific antigenic determinant. Antigen binding by antibodies is the primary function of antibodies and can result in protec ...
Snímek 1
... ● caused by antibodies that don´t activate complement ● cytotoxic and inflammatory responses triggered by binding of antibodies to Fc-receptors on phagocytes and NK cells prevention: ● negative cross match before transplantation, ABO compatibility ...
... ● caused by antibodies that don´t activate complement ● cytotoxic and inflammatory responses triggered by binding of antibodies to Fc-receptors on phagocytes and NK cells prevention: ● negative cross match before transplantation, ABO compatibility ...
Biology 6 – Test 3 Study Guide
... i. Phagocyte stimulation releases IL-1 which stimulates hypothalamus to raise thermostat set point. Other cytokines (e.g. TNFs) may also stimulate hypothalamus. (Fig. 15.6) ii. Temperature raised by blood vessel constriction, increase metabolism, shivering. b. Purposes – slow pathogen growth, stimu ...
... i. Phagocyte stimulation releases IL-1 which stimulates hypothalamus to raise thermostat set point. Other cytokines (e.g. TNFs) may also stimulate hypothalamus. (Fig. 15.6) ii. Temperature raised by blood vessel constriction, increase metabolism, shivering. b. Purposes – slow pathogen growth, stimu ...
B-cells
... –B-cells produce antibodies that attack pathogens (foreign invaders) in the blood –T-cells attack invaded body cells –Each B-cell, T-cell, and antibody is specific to what it attacks ...
... –B-cells produce antibodies that attack pathogens (foreign invaders) in the blood –T-cells attack invaded body cells –Each B-cell, T-cell, and antibody is specific to what it attacks ...
Diseases of the Immune System
... • The median survival time after infection with HIV is estimated to be 9 to 11 years, depending on the HIV subtype ...
... • The median survival time after infection with HIV is estimated to be 9 to 11 years, depending on the HIV subtype ...
Lymphatic Vessels
... Antibodies inactivate antigens in a number of ways o Complement fixation o Neutralization: antibodies bind to specific sites on bacterial exotoxins or on viruses that can cause cell injury o Agglutination: antibody-antigen reaction that causes clumping of cells o Precipitation: cross-linking reactio ...
... Antibodies inactivate antigens in a number of ways o Complement fixation o Neutralization: antibodies bind to specific sites on bacterial exotoxins or on viruses that can cause cell injury o Agglutination: antibody-antigen reaction that causes clumping of cells o Precipitation: cross-linking reactio ...
Stress and the immune system
... one works during the day and one works during the night. When one branch is active it produces chemicals called cytokines that block the action of the other branch. This ensures that the body has a balance between the two types of immune response with Th2 active during the day and Th1 active dur ...
... one works during the day and one works during the night. When one branch is active it produces chemicals called cytokines that block the action of the other branch. This ensures that the body has a balance between the two types of immune response with Th2 active during the day and Th1 active dur ...
adaptive response
... • would prevent the protumor transformation of immune response. • will follow the feedback principle: the more protumor factors the tumor produces, the more antitumor factors the macrophages would release and vise versa. ...
... • would prevent the protumor transformation of immune response. • will follow the feedback principle: the more protumor factors the tumor produces, the more antitumor factors the macrophages would release and vise versa. ...
Lesson 1 Nutrition, Diet & CHD
... They carry receptors for the pathogen and speed up The immune response if the body is infected by the Same pathogen again. T-helper Cells These cells are messengers, and they stimulate B cells to develop ...
... They carry receptors for the pathogen and speed up The immune response if the body is infected by the Same pathogen again. T-helper Cells These cells are messengers, and they stimulate B cells to develop ...
Innate Immunity and Antigen Presentation
... • Mutations in NALP3 or other components of inflammasomes are involved in several rare “autoinflammatory” syndromes characterized by periodic fever, skin rashes, and amyloidosis.* • The mutations in Nalp3 lead to constitutive activation and uncontrolled IL-1 production • IL-1 antagonists are very ef ...
... • Mutations in NALP3 or other components of inflammasomes are involved in several rare “autoinflammatory” syndromes characterized by periodic fever, skin rashes, and amyloidosis.* • The mutations in Nalp3 lead to constitutive activation and uncontrolled IL-1 production • IL-1 antagonists are very ef ...
basicprinciplesofimmunesystem
... 1. Isotype variation defined by determinant present in Ch and Cl which discriminate Ig of the same species. 2. Allotype variation defined by the variation of amino acids in either H or L chain, coded by different alleles expressed by individuals of the same species. 3. Idiotype variation def ...
... 1. Isotype variation defined by determinant present in Ch and Cl which discriminate Ig of the same species. 2. Allotype variation defined by the variation of amino acids in either H or L chain, coded by different alleles expressed by individuals of the same species. 3. Idiotype variation def ...
IMMUNE SYSTEM
... • Eye cornea transplant escape immune attack even when transplanted from unrelated person Why? It is discovered that plasma membrane in these tissues have molecule that triggers the Apoptosis of Lymphocyte that attack these tissues ...
... • Eye cornea transplant escape immune attack even when transplanted from unrelated person Why? It is discovered that plasma membrane in these tissues have molecule that triggers the Apoptosis of Lymphocyte that attack these tissues ...
Complement system
The complement system is a part of the immune system that helps or complements the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens from an organism. It is part of the innate immune system, which is not adaptable and does not change over the course of an individual's lifetime. However, it can be recruited and brought into action by the adaptive immune system.The complement system consists of a number of small proteins found in the blood, in general synthesized by the liver, and normally circulating as inactive precursors (pro-proteins). When stimulated by one of several triggers, proteases in the system cleave specific proteins to release cytokines and initiate an amplifying cascade of further cleavages. The end-result of this activation cascade is massive amplification of the response and activation of the cell-killing membrane attack complex. Over 30 proteins and protein fragments make up the complement system, including serum proteins, serosal proteins, and cell membrane receptors. They account for about 5% of the globulin fraction of blood serum and can serve as opsonins.Three biochemical pathways activate the complement system: the classical complement pathway, the alternative complement pathway, and the lectin pathway.