ILAR 46(2) - Laboratory Animal Boards Study Group
... macrophages and dentritic cells (DCs); innate defenses have rapid assimilation and nonspecific response of limited duration. Specific immune responses take longer to develop but are specific and longer-lasting. Adjuvants in vaccines and immunizations enhance the development of specific immune respon ...
... macrophages and dentritic cells (DCs); innate defenses have rapid assimilation and nonspecific response of limited duration. Specific immune responses take longer to develop but are specific and longer-lasting. Adjuvants in vaccines and immunizations enhance the development of specific immune respon ...
Immunology Review
... Almost all IgE is bound to circulating basophils or tissue mast cells. Enhances allergic reactions, and promotes inflammation. ...
... Almost all IgE is bound to circulating basophils or tissue mast cells. Enhances allergic reactions, and promotes inflammation. ...
The danger model in deciphering autoimmunity
... indicate the existence of several subtypes of apoptotic cell death, characterized by the presence or absence of certain secreted or membrane-bound antigens that bring about different immunological responses [23]. By means of one or more ill-defined ligand(s), apoptotic cells under some circumstances ...
... indicate the existence of several subtypes of apoptotic cell death, characterized by the presence or absence of certain secreted or membrane-bound antigens that bring about different immunological responses [23]. By means of one or more ill-defined ligand(s), apoptotic cells under some circumstances ...
Oxidative stress as an initiator of cytokine release and cell... J.D. Crapo Airway redox balance in health and disease
... Eur Respir J 2003; 22: Suppl. 44, 4s–6s DOI: 10.1183/09031936.03.00000203a Printed in UK – all rights reserved ...
... Eur Respir J 2003; 22: Suppl. 44, 4s–6s DOI: 10.1183/09031936.03.00000203a Printed in UK – all rights reserved ...
The pathogenic role of rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid arthritis
... both B1 and B2 cells, but the culprit subset may be variable depending on the biological condi tion that induces RF production. B1 cells have been shown to compose a major fraction that secretes large amounts of IgM RFs against the stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus [12] ; RF secretion from B1 ...
... both B1 and B2 cells, but the culprit subset may be variable depending on the biological condi tion that induces RF production. B1 cells have been shown to compose a major fraction that secretes large amounts of IgM RFs against the stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus [12] ; RF secretion from B1 ...
Lesson Overview - Southgate Schools
... HIV destroys T cells, crippling the ability of the immune system to fight HIV and other pathogens. Monitoring progression of HIV by counting helper T cells. The fewer helper T cells, the more susceptible to other diseases. When an HIV-infected person’s T cell count reaches about 1/6 the normal level ...
... HIV destroys T cells, crippling the ability of the immune system to fight HIV and other pathogens. Monitoring progression of HIV by counting helper T cells. The fewer helper T cells, the more susceptible to other diseases. When an HIV-infected person’s T cell count reaches about 1/6 the normal level ...
Immunology
... primary response to an antigen. It is the first immunoglobulin to be synthesized by the neonate, its presence fetal blood indicates intra-uterine infection. Due to its pentameric structure, serum IgM has a higher valency than the other isotypes in binding antigens with many repeating epitopes such a ...
... primary response to an antigen. It is the first immunoglobulin to be synthesized by the neonate, its presence fetal blood indicates intra-uterine infection. Due to its pentameric structure, serum IgM has a higher valency than the other isotypes in binding antigens with many repeating epitopes such a ...
Hypersensitivity
... Type II Hypersensitivity • Directed at Cell-surface or Matrix Antigen • Mediated by IgG • Immune Processes involved: – Classical Complement Pathway – Phagocytosis via FcR and Complement receptor – ADCC via NK cells or eosinophils ...
... Type II Hypersensitivity • Directed at Cell-surface or Matrix Antigen • Mediated by IgG • Immune Processes involved: – Classical Complement Pathway – Phagocytosis via FcR and Complement receptor – ADCC via NK cells or eosinophils ...
An evaluation of the anti-inflammatory properties
... 3.1 The effect of potassium humate on the in vivo delayed type hypersensitivity model induced by sheep erythrocytes............................................................59 3.2 The anti-inflammatory effect of potassium humate on an in vivo carrageenan induced inflammation model ................ ...
... 3.1 The effect of potassium humate on the in vivo delayed type hypersensitivity model induced by sheep erythrocytes............................................................59 3.2 The anti-inflammatory effect of potassium humate on an in vivo carrageenan induced inflammation model ................ ...
Principles of a Computer Immune System
... Once we accept that our security policies, our implementations, and our configurations will have flaws, we must also accept that we will have imperfect security. This does not mean that we must be content with no security at all. As in the physical world, better security can be achieved with additio ...
... Once we accept that our security policies, our implementations, and our configurations will have flaws, we must also accept that we will have imperfect security. This does not mean that we must be content with no security at all. As in the physical world, better security can be achieved with additio ...
Pathogenic implications for autoantibodies against C-reactive protein and other acute phase proteins
... a cleft on the opposite side of the subunit. C1q binds avidly in this cleft, thereby inducing complement activation via formation of the classical C3 convertase, which in turn leads to decoration of the ligand surface with opsonizing complement fragments [8, 61]. The ability to induce the complement ...
... a cleft on the opposite side of the subunit. C1q binds avidly in this cleft, thereby inducing complement activation via formation of the classical C3 convertase, which in turn leads to decoration of the ligand surface with opsonizing complement fragments [8, 61]. The ability to induce the complement ...
Solid Organ Transplantation
... (CyPA) and CsA-CyPA complex blocks the function of enzyme calcineurin (CaN). In effect, CaN fails to dephosphorylate the cytoplasmic compound of the nuclear factor of activated T cell (NF-ATc), thereby preventing IL-2 (or other cytokine) gene transcription. ...
... (CyPA) and CsA-CyPA complex blocks the function of enzyme calcineurin (CaN). In effect, CaN fails to dephosphorylate the cytoplasmic compound of the nuclear factor of activated T cell (NF-ATc), thereby preventing IL-2 (or other cytokine) gene transcription. ...
Immunity
... the predetermined antibody specificity of normal immune spleen cells. They did this by literally fusing myeloma cells with ...
... the predetermined antibody specificity of normal immune spleen cells. They did this by literally fusing myeloma cells with ...
9 Innate and acquired immunity
... basophils on the basis of their histochemical staining. The mature forms have a multilobed nucleus and many granules. Neutrophils constitute 60–70% of the leucocytes, but also migrate into tissues in response to injury or infection. Neutrophils. These are the most abundant circulating granulocyte. T ...
... basophils on the basis of their histochemical staining. The mature forms have a multilobed nucleus and many granules. Neutrophils constitute 60–70% of the leucocytes, but also migrate into tissues in response to injury or infection. Neutrophils. These are the most abundant circulating granulocyte. T ...
The role of lysosomal cysteine proteases in crustacean immune
... endoproteases, caspases are cysteinyl aspartatespecific proteases in (X-X-X-Asp) motifs. These enzymes recognize tetra-peptide sequences on their substrates and hydrolyze peptide bonds after aspartic acid residues. They belong to the Clan CD Family C14 and rely on the catalytic dyad of His and Cys, ...
... endoproteases, caspases are cysteinyl aspartatespecific proteases in (X-X-X-Asp) motifs. These enzymes recognize tetra-peptide sequences on their substrates and hydrolyze peptide bonds after aspartic acid residues. They belong to the Clan CD Family C14 and rely on the catalytic dyad of His and Cys, ...
Complement system
The complement system is a part of the immune system that helps or complements the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens from an organism. It is part of the innate immune system, which is not adaptable and does not change over the course of an individual's lifetime. However, it can be recruited and brought into action by the adaptive immune system.The complement system consists of a number of small proteins found in the blood, in general synthesized by the liver, and normally circulating as inactive precursors (pro-proteins). When stimulated by one of several triggers, proteases in the system cleave specific proteins to release cytokines and initiate an amplifying cascade of further cleavages. The end-result of this activation cascade is massive amplification of the response and activation of the cell-killing membrane attack complex. Over 30 proteins and protein fragments make up the complement system, including serum proteins, serosal proteins, and cell membrane receptors. They account for about 5% of the globulin fraction of blood serum and can serve as opsonins.Three biochemical pathways activate the complement system: the classical complement pathway, the alternative complement pathway, and the lectin pathway.