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1 Representations for dominance/precedence structure
1 Representations for dominance/precedence structure

... every pair of phrases or words satisfies either the dominates or precedes relation. It is interesting to ask whether this is a necessary property of natural languages. Could we have a natural language where two words or phrases were not related by either dominates or precedes? This seems hard to imag ...
plain english
plain english

... A house style is a set of standards for written and graphic communication within an organisation. A house style will ensure that all internal and external documents are presented in a consistent style and layout. In developing a house style there are a number of important points to work through. It ...
Reteach Workbook
Reteach Workbook

... • Use a comma after a dependent clause when it begins the sentence. Although no one else liked it, I enjoyed Attack of the Aardvark People. • Use a semicolon to join the two parts of a compound sentence when you don’t use a comma and a conjunction. There are so many great movies; it is hard to choos ...
Chapter I LINGUISTICS
Chapter I LINGUISTICS

... appendix of his study. He mentions, however, that some of his data cannot be included into any of his classes. Several verbs provided in the appendix are related to nouns with a rather concrete meaning, supporting the author’s choice of make as a support (not light) verb. Dixon (1992) classifies the ...
Events, Processes, and States
Events, Processes, and States

... absence or suppression in the other. (As Vendler's punctuation indicates, what corresponds to the objectless phrase "was running" is the whole phrase "was engaged in running a mile," which is what I mean in saying that the object is here suppressed.) But this difference in fact plays no role. Vendle ...
Prepositional Phrase
Prepositional Phrase

... (Another Prepositional Phrase) “Don’t hide! It’s just as easy since you know what an adverb is right?” An Adverb describes: V, Adj., Adv. ...
The Parts Of Speech
The Parts Of Speech

... what the various parts are called, we can move on to examine how they function in the sentence. A noun or a noun phrase, for instance, may function in sentences as the subject, as the direct object, as the indirect object, as the subject complement, or as the object complement (and, perhaps, as some ...
scheme of work gr 7-11
scheme of work gr 7-11

... Talk about different means of transport Say what you are going (and not going) to do Say when you are going to do something Describe a town or region and say what you can do there Talk about what you can and can’t do Ask permission to do something Read and write holiday postcards ...
The Complex Sentence. Adverbial Clauses
The Complex Sentence. Adverbial Clauses

... adverb. A.m. denote the time, place, cause and manner of the action or process expressed by the verb. When modifying an adjective, the A.m. characterizes quality or quantity of a state denoted by the adjective. The A.m. may be expressed by a single word (an adverb), a phrase consisting of two or mor ...
Grade 8 Language structure - sentence construction
Grade 8 Language structure - sentence construction

... My son sleeps all day and does absolutely nothing about the house. Teenagers care about their appearance but seem to neglect hygiene. The family can either make hamburgers at home or go out for a meal. My neighbour has invited us for a braai on the 28th but we have a prior engagement. My leg is sore ...
The Passive and the Notion of Transitivity
The Passive and the Notion of Transitivity

... Even though the structures are syntactically based on a pattern with 3 parts, and the verbs are followed by complements that have more or less the status of objects (« me » in « it fits me » can be regarded as a syntactic object but certainly not « a lot » in « he weighs a lot », which is only a com ...
Polysemous agent nominals in Kambaata (Cushitic) - Hal-SHS
Polysemous agent nominals in Kambaata (Cushitic) - Hal-SHS

... K’abeena and Alaaba, Kambaata’s closest relatives, have slightly different plural forms: -aan-ú in K’abeena (CRASS 2005: 73) and -aan-ú-ta in Alaaba (SCHNEIDER-BLUM 2007: 147). The accusative case form is also the citation form. Consult SCHNEIDER-BLUM (2007: 147, ex. 411) for an Alaaba example in wh ...
Generating a type of pun
Generating a type of pun

... have subtle links between them. The kind of links necessary and the complexity of this database have not been fulty delineated, Jokes and quips are an example of naniral language thaî relies heavily on subtle links, so this study w ü l shed light on the giant network that will be required to ...
What is a Gerund
What is a Gerund

... Gerunds: swimming, hoping, telling, eating, dreaming Infinitives: to swim, to hope, to tell, to eat, to dream Their functions, however, overlap. Gerunds always function as nouns, but infinitives often also serve as nouns. Deciding which to use can be confusing in many situations, especially for peop ...
About the Different Kinds of Meanings of a Sentence
About the Different Kinds of Meanings of a Sentence

... Each sentence that the speaker uses has a meaning, or if the sentence is ambiguous it may have two or more meanings. For instance, I went to the bank. This sentence may have more meanings. However, there are other kinds of meaning that are not directly related to grammatical and lexical structure. T ...
Grammatical Relations Author Contact Information Corresponding
Grammatical Relations Author Contact Information Corresponding

... morphological category specifically designated to encode grammatical relations is Case (see Morphological Case in Linguistics). Overt morphological Case marking is present in many language families, e.g., in Latin, Greek, the Slavic and Dravidian languages, the Altaic languages, the languages of Aus ...
Derived nouns in Modern Hebrew: Structural and psycholinguistic
Derived nouns in Modern Hebrew: Structural and psycholinguistic

... The article focuses on derived nouns, constructed on the basis of interdigitation of a consonantal root plus one of several dozen prosodic templates or morphological patterns and/or by linear affixation to a word or stem. Structural characteristics of Hebrew nouns are outlined in terms of their infl ...
Grammar Packet #1: The Present Participle
Grammar Packet #1: The Present Participle

... Any daily grades taken from packets will be based on completion for a portion of the credit and correctness for the major part of the grade. Work on the packets (unless specified otherwise) is individual—not group—work. You will have 6 of these packets, one per six weeks. Sometimes a grade will be t ...
3 Speech act distinctions in syntax
3 Speech act distinctions in syntax

... easily confused with, other aspects of grammar, in particular negation, emphasis, subordination, modals, and adverbs. Thus, it is not uncommon for a morpheme marking sentences as questions to pattern very similarly to elements with clearly modal or adverbial meaning. For instance, in Tagalog (Schach ...
lin3021_lecture10
lin3021_lecture10

...  She clearly refers back to the individual Sally.  This suggests that we have some “mental representation” of the individual to refer back to.  Usually, we think of these NPs as introducing a variable. So she can then hook on to the variable introduced by Sally.  John met Sally. It was really tr ...
The Phrase… - Cloudfront.net
The Phrase… - Cloudfront.net

... The Appositive Phrase Definition of Appositive:A Noun or Pronoun placed beside another Noun or Pronoun to describe it. Definition of Appositive Phrase: Has an appositive and any modifiers. (A group of words with an appositive) Example: I chose one person, the girl in the pink, to pass out the paper ...
Министерство образования Российской Федерации
Министерство образования Российской Федерации

... indefinite article and the zero article. The semantic presentation of the articles: the definite article - identification, the indefinite article - classifying generalization, the zero article - abstract generalization. Articles with different groups of nouns. Correlation of the articles wiht other ...
gradable and ungradable adjectives
gradable and ungradable adjectives

... Substantivized adjectives may fall into several groups, according to their meaning and the nominal features they possess. Wholly substantivized adjectives (adjectives converted into nouns) have all the characteristics of nouns: the number, the case, the gender. They may be used with the indefinite o ...
Types of Sentences
Types of Sentences

... What is the prepositional phrase in this sentence? On the roof, the man placed the telescope. On the roof = NOT a clause Why? = The roof cannot be the subject of the sentence because the roof is not doing anything, nor is anything being done to the roof. Therefore, it is NOT a fragment because there ...
Sentence Imitations - Welcometomabiesworld.com
Sentence Imitations - Welcometomabiesworld.com

... How to proceed? I will provide a sentence for you that happens to fall under a heading—a grammar heading. Peruse the text on grammar. Really, though, growth as a writer comes not so much from knowing what to call a grammatical structure but rather from figuring out what each word is actually doing i ...
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Japanese grammar

Japanese grammar refers to word order and inflection characteristic of the Japanese language. The language has a regular agglutinative verb morphology, with both productive and fixed elements. In language typology, it has many features divergent from most European languages. Its phrases are exclusively head-final and compound sentences are exclusively left-branching. There are many such languages, but few in Europe. It is a topic-prominent language.
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