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Path Integral Formulation of Quantum Tunneling: Numerical Approximation and Application to
Path Integral Formulation of Quantum Tunneling: Numerical Approximation and Application to

... In order to approximate this path integral one would normally attempt to find a path that was stationary with respect to S. Since this path will provide the dominant contribution to the integral one could make an expansion of the action around this path. Further explanation of exactly how this is do ...
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... blocks for the different configurations with the off‐diagonal elements for r not equal to s all being  zero. Each diagonal block is also diagonal with rigid molecule energies Eo along the diagonal.   Analogous to the standard situation, we choose the energy eigenvectors Gr|i> for I = 1, 2, …, dE   ...
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... (essentially a nonlinear coupling of the Schrödinger equation and the wave equation), and various coupled systems of NLS equations [CNLS] arising in nonlinear optics. A richer class of equations arises in inherently discrete situations such as the so-called lattice wave equations, which arise, for e ...
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... effective methods. Presently, the best results are usually obtained within the framework of the variational approach, where a certain form of the exciton wave function, depending on one or more variational parameters is being postulated. The exciton energy is then calculated by minimizing the respec ...
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... in the operator sense, where π is the rank one projection which projects onto CΩS along (CΩ∗S )⊥ . In fact, we have the following easy estimate (valid for any matrix M with spectrum inside the unit disk and satisfying (E)) Proposition 2.2 For any  > 0 there exists a constant C s.t. kM m −πk ≤ C e ...
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Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)

In quantum mechanics, perturbation theory is a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated quantum system in terms of a simpler one. The idea is to start with a simple system for which a mathematical solution is known, and add an additional ""perturbing"" Hamiltonian representing a weak disturbance to the system. If the disturbance is not too large, the various physical quantities associated with the perturbed system (e.g. its energy levels and eigenstates) can be expressed as ""corrections"" to those of the simple system. These corrections, being small compared to the size of the quantities themselves, can be calculated using approximate methods such as asymptotic series. The complicated system can therefore be studied based on knowledge of the simpler one.
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