Understanding phage, the viruses that infect
... • In 1896, Ernest Hanbury Hankin reported that something in the waters of the Ganges and Jumna rivers in India had marked antibacterial action against cholera and could pass through a very fine porcelain filter • In 1915, British bacteriologist Frederick Twort, superintendent of the Brown Institutio ...
... • In 1896, Ernest Hanbury Hankin reported that something in the waters of the Ganges and Jumna rivers in India had marked antibacterial action against cholera and could pass through a very fine porcelain filter • In 1915, British bacteriologist Frederick Twort, superintendent of the Brown Institutio ...
Antibiotics, Viruses, and Prions
... • Generally stop bacteria from making something • Cell wall, proteins, DNA, etc. • The more similar that target to your cells, the more toxic the antibiotic is to you ...
... • Generally stop bacteria from making something • Cell wall, proteins, DNA, etc. • The more similar that target to your cells, the more toxic the antibiotic is to you ...
Lecture Notes: Bacteriophage
... of several genomes attached to one another; Fig. 10.13). The concatamers are processed into pieces each about 170 kb in length, representing one "headful" of DNA. This length is one genome plus about 5000 bp present at both ends. Individual pieces that are packaged into phage heads have different te ...
... of several genomes attached to one another; Fig. 10.13). The concatamers are processed into pieces each about 170 kb in length, representing one "headful" of DNA. This length is one genome plus about 5000 bp present at both ends. Individual pieces that are packaged into phage heads have different te ...
Topic 15 - FSU Biology
... 2. host DNA polymerase is co-opted to produce more viral DNA 3. viral proteins are then transcribed & translated 4. proteins and DNA are assembled into new virus particles 5. virus particles leave cell; often killing it Bacteriophages (phages for short)- these viruses target bacteria; they have two ...
... 2. host DNA polymerase is co-opted to produce more viral DNA 3. viral proteins are then transcribed & translated 4. proteins and DNA are assembled into new virus particles 5. virus particles leave cell; often killing it Bacteriophages (phages for short)- these viruses target bacteria; they have two ...
Bacteriophage One-step Growth Curve A bacteriophage is a virus
... infected with at least one phage. In fact, there will be about 10 phage for every bacterium. This ratio is referred to as the multiplicity of infection (MOI), so the MOI will be about 10. The mixture will be allowed to stand for a couple of minutes, then the bacteria will be centrifuged, leaving an ...
... infected with at least one phage. In fact, there will be about 10 phage for every bacterium. This ratio is referred to as the multiplicity of infection (MOI), so the MOI will be about 10. The mixture will be allowed to stand for a couple of minutes, then the bacteria will be centrifuged, leaving an ...
Determining titer of the coliphage by plaque count
... statistical estimate of phage titer can be made. The control plate containing only E. coli and sterile dilution broth in the overly should not show any plaques. A possible error in the titer can occur when more than one phage adsorbs onto a single bacterium or when two phages adsorb onto bacteria th ...
... statistical estimate of phage titer can be made. The control plate containing only E. coli and sterile dilution broth in the overly should not show any plaques. A possible error in the titer can occur when more than one phage adsorbs onto a single bacterium or when two phages adsorb onto bacteria th ...
Comparing the size of a virus, a bacterium, and a eukaryotic cell
... Viral genomes. The genomes of viruses can be composed of either DNA or RNA, and some use both as their genomic material at different stages in their life cycle. However, only one type of nucleic acid is found in the virion of any particular type of virus. ...
... Viral genomes. The genomes of viruses can be composed of either DNA or RNA, and some use both as their genomic material at different stages in their life cycle. However, only one type of nucleic acid is found in the virion of any particular type of virus. ...
MMG 301, Lec. 25 Mutations and Bacteriophage
... Temperate phage: an added complication. Rather than always being virulent (lysing the cell), the temperate phage (e.g., Lambda) participate in an alternative course of action after infecting a cell called lysogeny. Lysogeny occurs when the phage DNA incorporates into the host DNA, creating a propha ...
... Temperate phage: an added complication. Rather than always being virulent (lysing the cell), the temperate phage (e.g., Lambda) participate in an alternative course of action after infecting a cell called lysogeny. Lysogeny occurs when the phage DNA incorporates into the host DNA, creating a propha ...
26 microbial genetics
... 2. Transduction: transfer of bacterial DNA incident to viral infection. - could be generalized (host DNA accidentally, randomly packaged in capsid) - could be specialized (takes genes adjacent to a viral insertion site). ...
... 2. Transduction: transfer of bacterial DNA incident to viral infection. - could be generalized (host DNA accidentally, randomly packaged in capsid) - could be specialized (takes genes adjacent to a viral insertion site). ...
Chapter 7 Recombination in Bacteria and their Viruses
... • Bacteriophages can transduce bacterial genes from one cell to another. • In transformation, DNA from the environment can enter bacterial cells and integrate into the chromosome. • These methods of gene transfer generate partial diploids that allow study of genes. ...
... • Bacteriophages can transduce bacterial genes from one cell to another. • In transformation, DNA from the environment can enter bacterial cells and integrate into the chromosome. • These methods of gene transfer generate partial diploids that allow study of genes. ...
I2323222007
... Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and lyse bacteria. They were discovered and described twice, first in 1915 then in 1917. Bacteriophages are widely distributed in nature and have been isolated from air, water, and soil food products. The abundance of phages in the aquatic environment highlight ...
... Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and lyse bacteria. They were discovered and described twice, first in 1915 then in 1917. Bacteriophages are widely distributed in nature and have been isolated from air, water, and soil food products. The abundance of phages in the aquatic environment highlight ...
Phage therapy
Phage therapy or viral phage therapy is the therapeutic use of bacteriophages to treat pathogenic bacterial infections. Phage therapy has many potential applications in human medicine as well as dentistry, veterinary science, and agriculture. If the target host of a phage therapy treatment is not an animal the term ""biocontrol"" (as in phage-mediated biocontrol of bacteria) is usually employed, rather than ""phage therapy"".Bacteriophages are much more specific than antibiotics, so they can hypothetically be chosen to be indirectly harmless not only to the host organism (human, animal, or plant), but also to other beneficial bacteria, such as gut flora, reducing the chances of opportunistic infections. They would have a high therapeutic index, that is, phage therapy would be expected to give rise to few side effects. Because phages replicate in vivo, a smaller effective dose can be used. On the other hand, this specificity is also a disadvantage: a phage will only kill a bacterium if it is a match to the specific strain. Consequently phage mixtures are often applied to improve the chances of success, or samples can be taken and an appropriate phage identified and grown.Phages are currently being used therapeutically to treat bacterial infections that do not respond to conventional antibiotics, particularly in Russia and Georgia. There is also a phage therapy unit in Wroclaw, Poland, established 2005, the only such centre in European Union countries.Phages tend to be more successful than antibiotics where there is a biofilm covered by a polysaccharide layer, which antibiotics typically cannot penetrate. In the West, no therapies are currently authorized for use on humans, although phages for killing food poisoning bacteria (Listeria) are now in use.