Medical Microbiology Shanghai Medical College of Fudan
... 7. Antiviral potential targets in the viral life cycle Nucleoside analogue; 8. Some agents antiviral mechanisms to block virus HAART(highly active replication; anti-retroviral therapy); ...
... 7. Antiviral potential targets in the viral life cycle Nucleoside analogue; 8. Some agents antiviral mechanisms to block virus HAART(highly active replication; anti-retroviral therapy); ...
NOTES: CH 19
... which means they can reproduce only within a host cell ● Each virus has a host range, a limited number of host cells that it can infect ● Viruses use host enzymes, ribosomes, and small host molecules to synthesize progeny viruses ...
... which means they can reproduce only within a host cell ● Each virus has a host range, a limited number of host cells that it can infect ● Viruses use host enzymes, ribosomes, and small host molecules to synthesize progeny viruses ...
File - Biology with Radjewski
... 5 Steps to the Lytic Cycle 1. ________________ attaches its tail fibers to specific receptor molecules on the cell ____________ of a bacteria cell. The _______________ into the host cell 2. The ends of the viral DNA attach to each other, forming a ___________. It is ________________ from the host ce ...
... 5 Steps to the Lytic Cycle 1. ________________ attaches its tail fibers to specific receptor molecules on the cell ____________ of a bacteria cell. The _______________ into the host cell 2. The ends of the viral DNA attach to each other, forming a ___________. It is ________________ from the host ce ...
This lecture: parts of Ch 16/26: Population
... A species of scale insects extracts fluids from branches of pine trees. They have very limited movement. In an experiment, these insects were transplanted 1) between branches of the same pine tree, and 2) from one pine tree to another pine tree of the same size. ...
... A species of scale insects extracts fluids from branches of pine trees. They have very limited movement. In an experiment, these insects were transplanted 1) between branches of the same pine tree, and 2) from one pine tree to another pine tree of the same size. ...
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
... patient's lymphocytes with fresh peripheral blood cells of healthy donors or with suitable culture lines such as T-lymphomas. The presence of the virus can be confirmed by reverse transcriptase assays, serological tests, or by changes in growth pattern of the indicator cells. However virus isolation ...
... patient's lymphocytes with fresh peripheral blood cells of healthy donors or with suitable culture lines such as T-lymphomas. The presence of the virus can be confirmed by reverse transcriptase assays, serological tests, or by changes in growth pattern of the indicator cells. However virus isolation ...
17.2 Evolution as Genetic Change in Populations
... populations often exhibit a range of phenotypes for a trait. When graphed, this range usually forms a bell curve, with fewer individuals exhibiting the extreme phenotypes than those with the average (in the case of beak size, the extremes may be tiny and large beaks). Natural selection on polygenic ...
... populations often exhibit a range of phenotypes for a trait. When graphed, this range usually forms a bell curve, with fewer individuals exhibiting the extreme phenotypes than those with the average (in the case of beak size, the extremes may be tiny and large beaks). Natural selection on polygenic ...
Bacterial Viruses, Viroids, and Prions
... if lysogenic, circular DNA inserts into host chromosome = prophage remains dormant, replicating along with host λ repressor proteins bind to operators repressing transcription of λ genes prophage can be induced to excising → induction to lytic cycle can be the result of: a spontaneous ev ...
... if lysogenic, circular DNA inserts into host chromosome = prophage remains dormant, replicating along with host λ repressor proteins bind to operators repressing transcription of λ genes prophage can be induced to excising → induction to lytic cycle can be the result of: a spontaneous ev ...
Genetic Variation and Equilibrium
... • The genetic variation of a population is stored in a populations gene pool • The gene pool is the set of all the different alleles within a population • Different combinations of alleles occur when individuals in the population ...
... • The genetic variation of a population is stored in a populations gene pool • The gene pool is the set of all the different alleles within a population • Different combinations of alleles occur when individuals in the population ...
Viruses
... Viruses are considered to be nonliving particles, although they are still capable of evolving. They lack many of the defining characteristics of life. Viruses do, however, have genetic material (DNA or RNA), which is housed within a capsid and sometimes within an envelope. Viruses require a host cel ...
... Viruses are considered to be nonliving particles, although they are still capable of evolving. They lack many of the defining characteristics of life. Viruses do, however, have genetic material (DNA or RNA), which is housed within a capsid and sometimes within an envelope. Viruses require a host cel ...
Virus Structure Lecture PowerPoint
... • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerPoints, video tutorials, sample assignments and course syllabi. New materials are continually being developed, so check back frequently, or follow us on Facebook (Science ...
... • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerPoints, video tutorials, sample assignments and course syllabi. New materials are continually being developed, so check back frequently, or follow us on Facebook (Science ...
1. - Al-Kindy College of Medicine
... hepaatitis B is bbest detectted by perrsistence oof HBsAg iin blood for fo more thhan 6-122 months ...
... hepaatitis B is bbest detectted by perrsistence oof HBsAg iin blood for fo more thhan 6-122 months ...
HPAI: Clinical Signs
... Only subtypes H5 and H7 of influenza A virus recently defined as highly pathogenic AI (HPAI) that have caused AI in poultry. ...
... Only subtypes H5 and H7 of influenza A virus recently defined as highly pathogenic AI (HPAI) that have caused AI in poultry. ...
Evolution Strategies Evolutionary Programming
... GA mutation tends to be fixed size changes that create entirely new values ...
... GA mutation tends to be fixed size changes that create entirely new values ...
PPT - Michael J. Watts
... • Fitness of individual is determined by how well the parameters solve the problem • Offspring are created by mutation ...
... • Fitness of individual is determined by how well the parameters solve the problem • Offspring are created by mutation ...
The Discovery of Viruses
... Archaea produce methane gas and live in ____________ environments that may contain little to no oxygen such as bogs and the digestive tracts of animals. Some Archaea live in extremely salty environments or in hot springs that approach the boiling temperature for water. ...
... Archaea produce methane gas and live in ____________ environments that may contain little to no oxygen such as bogs and the digestive tracts of animals. Some Archaea live in extremely salty environments or in hot springs that approach the boiling temperature for water. ...
HERE
... Natural selection is a major mechanism of evolution Natural selection acts on phenotypic variations within populations. Evolutionary change is also driven by random processes. Biological evolution is supported by scientific evidence from many disciplines including mathematics Organisms share many co ...
... Natural selection is a major mechanism of evolution Natural selection acts on phenotypic variations within populations. Evolutionary change is also driven by random processes. Biological evolution is supported by scientific evidence from many disciplines including mathematics Organisms share many co ...
Viral structure
... and other medical supplies that cannot be autoclaved. • Prions are composed of a single glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 27,000-30,000. With scrapie prions as the model, it was found that this protein is encoded by a single cellular gene. This gene is found in equal numbers in the cells of bo ...
... and other medical supplies that cannot be autoclaved. • Prions are composed of a single glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 27,000-30,000. With scrapie prions as the model, it was found that this protein is encoded by a single cellular gene. This gene is found in equal numbers in the cells of bo ...
AIDS(2010 mona
... 1. The acute phase Incubation period (1-4) weeks. Mostly asymptomatic, in 25-50% of cases patients may have symptoms resembling infectious mononucleosis or influenza like illness for short period. Characterized by normal no of CD4 and the appearance of viral RNA in the blood ( core Agp24) foll ...
... 1. The acute phase Incubation period (1-4) weeks. Mostly asymptomatic, in 25-50% of cases patients may have symptoms resembling infectious mononucleosis or influenza like illness for short period. Characterized by normal no of CD4 and the appearance of viral RNA in the blood ( core Agp24) foll ...
Ebola virus: the biology, epidemiology, and sociology
... 3) Parenteral introduction (re-using contaminated needles) 4) Aerosol? This has been seen for Reston strain with monkey infection Transmission is not particularly efficient. Only 23% of family members sleeping in the same room as patient became infected. Close contact is required so care givers ar ...
... 3) Parenteral introduction (re-using contaminated needles) 4) Aerosol? This has been seen for Reston strain with monkey infection Transmission is not particularly efficient. Only 23% of family members sleeping in the same room as patient became infected. Close contact is required so care givers ar ...
CDC select agent survey form
... infectious and/or replication competent forms of any of the select agent viruses. ____ 2. Nucleic Acids (synthetic or naturally derived, and that are in a vector or host chromosome; can be expressed in vivo or in vitro; or are in a vector or host chromosome that can be expressed in vivo or in vitro) ...
... infectious and/or replication competent forms of any of the select agent viruses. ____ 2. Nucleic Acids (synthetic or naturally derived, and that are in a vector or host chromosome; can be expressed in vivo or in vitro; or are in a vector or host chromosome that can be expressed in vivo or in vitro) ...
Viral phylodynamics
Viral phylodynamics is defined as the study of how epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes act and potentially interact to shape viral phylogenies.Since the coining of the term in 2004, research on viral phylodynamics has focused on transmission dynamics in an effort to shed light on how these dynamics impact viral genetic variation. Transmission dynamics can be considered at the level of cells within an infected host, individual hosts within a population, or entire populations of hosts.Many viruses, especially RNA viruses, rapidly accumulate genetic variation because of short generation times and high mutation rates.Patterns of viral genetic variation are therefore heavily influenced by how quickly transmission occurs and by which entities transmit to one another.Patterns of viral genetic variation will also be affected by selection acting on viral phenotypes.Although viruses can differ with respect to many phenotypes, phylodynamic studies have to date tended to focus on a limited number of viral phenotypes.These include virulence phenotypes, phenotypes associated with viral transmissibility, cell or tissue tropism phenotypes, and antigenic phenotypes that can facilitate escape from host immunity.Due to the impact that transmission dynamics and selection can have on viral genetic variation, viral phylogenies can therefore be used to investigate important epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes, such as epidemic spread, spatio-temporal dynamics including metapopulation dynamics, zoonotic transmission, tissue tropism, and antigenic drift.The quantitative investigation of these processes through the consideration of viral phylogenies is the central aim of viral phylodynamics.