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64th Western Poultry Disease Conference (March 23
... Argentina The effect of environmental poultry samples on the pH of typical enrichment and preenrichment media. Safety and efficacy of a chicken embryo origin live fowl pox virus vaccine in 1-day-old commercial turkeys Reconstitution of infectious laryngotracheitis from a collection of overlapping co ...
... Argentina The effect of environmental poultry samples on the pH of typical enrichment and preenrichment media. Safety and efficacy of a chicken embryo origin live fowl pox virus vaccine in 1-day-old commercial turkeys Reconstitution of infectious laryngotracheitis from a collection of overlapping co ...
PPT Version - OMICS International
... OMICS Journals are welcoming Submissions OMICS Group welcomes submissions that are original and technically so as to serve both the developing world and developed countries in the best possible way. OMICS Journals are poised in excellence by publishing high quality research. OMICS Group follows an ...
... OMICS Journals are welcoming Submissions OMICS Group welcomes submissions that are original and technically so as to serve both the developing world and developed countries in the best possible way. OMICS Journals are poised in excellence by publishing high quality research. OMICS Group follows an ...
Taxonomy Test#2 - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... Test Review Questions for Taxonomy Test #2 December 21st, 2010 Viruses Explain why viruses are not placed in the five kingdom classification system. Draw and label a virus with all possible parts. Give the size range of viruses. Summarize the features that viruses have in common with living things a ...
... Test Review Questions for Taxonomy Test #2 December 21st, 2010 Viruses Explain why viruses are not placed in the five kingdom classification system. Draw and label a virus with all possible parts. Give the size range of viruses. Summarize the features that viruses have in common with living things a ...
Module3: Positive strand RNA virus
... 19.1. Properties of Flaviviruses Virions are spherical and 40-60nm in diameter. They contain a lipid derived envelope with spikes of glycoprotein embedded on it. The genome consists of a positive sense single-stranded RNA of approximately 9.6 to 12.3 kbp. 5’ cap is present only in the members of gen ...
... 19.1. Properties of Flaviviruses Virions are spherical and 40-60nm in diameter. They contain a lipid derived envelope with spikes of glycoprotein embedded on it. The genome consists of a positive sense single-stranded RNA of approximately 9.6 to 12.3 kbp. 5’ cap is present only in the members of gen ...
Culture Methods
... • Causes considerable underestimation of the concentrations of these bacteria in water and therefore, underestimation of their risks to human health • Stressed, injured and VBNC bacteria may still be fully infectious for humans and other animal hosts (there is disagreement on this point) • Repair an ...
... • Causes considerable underestimation of the concentrations of these bacteria in water and therefore, underestimation of their risks to human health • Stressed, injured and VBNC bacteria may still be fully infectious for humans and other animal hosts (there is disagreement on this point) • Repair an ...
Fv1, the mouse retrovirus resistance gene
... evolution has taken place against a background of retroviral infections, it would be surprising if genetic mechanisms for controlling retrovirus replication had not evolved. Studies of leukaemogenesis in mice performed in the 1960s and 1970s provided ample evidence to support this idea. Many of thes ...
... evolution has taken place against a background of retroviral infections, it would be surprising if genetic mechanisms for controlling retrovirus replication had not evolved. Studies of leukaemogenesis in mice performed in the 1960s and 1970s provided ample evidence to support this idea. Many of thes ...
HIV/AIDS - Sites at Penn State
... virus (called simian immunodeficiency virus, or SIV) most likely was transmitted to humans and mutated into HIV when humans hunted these chimpanzees for meat and came into contact with their infected blood. • Studies show that HIV may have jumped from apes to humans as far back as the late 1800s. • ...
... virus (called simian immunodeficiency virus, or SIV) most likely was transmitted to humans and mutated into HIV when humans hunted these chimpanzees for meat and came into contact with their infected blood. • Studies show that HIV may have jumped from apes to humans as far back as the late 1800s. • ...
Bovine Rhinotracheitis Vaccine - Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica
... for pre-colostral antibodies to Bovine Virus Diarrhea Types 1 and 2 and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, further demonstrating that the Express® MLV products do not cause fetal infection when administered during pregnancy to previously vaccinated cows or heifers. Fetal health risks associated with ...
... for pre-colostral antibodies to Bovine Virus Diarrhea Types 1 and 2 and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, further demonstrating that the Express® MLV products do not cause fetal infection when administered during pregnancy to previously vaccinated cows or heifers. Fetal health risks associated with ...
3.1 Bacteria and Viruses
... • Pathogenic bacteria usually cause disease by producing poisons which are classified as exotoxins or endotoxins. • An exotoxin is a protein secreted by the bacteria. Examples include bacteria that cause cholera and botulism. • An endotoxin is the toxin found on the LPS portion of the Gram-negative ...
... • Pathogenic bacteria usually cause disease by producing poisons which are classified as exotoxins or endotoxins. • An exotoxin is a protein secreted by the bacteria. Examples include bacteria that cause cholera and botulism. • An endotoxin is the toxin found on the LPS portion of the Gram-negative ...
PEP_2011_13_Recombinant vaccine
... gene(s). In the inoculated host (normal cell), the virus is unable to replicate its genome but viral genes are still expressed, which can induce a strong immune response ‘Single-cycle viruses are defective in a viral protein required for assembly or spread. Although these viruses can replicate their ...
... gene(s). In the inoculated host (normal cell), the virus is unable to replicate its genome but viral genes are still expressed, which can induce a strong immune response ‘Single-cycle viruses are defective in a viral protein required for assembly or spread. Although these viruses can replicate their ...
Viruses Chap 13
... Plating efficiency - counts made by plaque assays are always lower than counts made with electron microscope. Plating efficiency with bacteriophage is usually > 50% but with some animal viruses may be <1% The plaque procedure may be used to prepare pure viral strains Cell cultures may also be ...
... Plating efficiency - counts made by plaque assays are always lower than counts made with electron microscope. Plating efficiency with bacteriophage is usually > 50% but with some animal viruses may be <1% The plaque procedure may be used to prepare pure viral strains Cell cultures may also be ...
Human Immunodeficieny virus
... HIV/AIDS is very deadly & has a high mortality rate Little to no symptoms until about 2-4 weeks (could be up to three months) after infected Symptoms can mimic a bad case of the flu Latency (or chronic) phase can last up to ten years before passing away Common symptoms: fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, vo ...
... HIV/AIDS is very deadly & has a high mortality rate Little to no symptoms until about 2-4 weeks (could be up to three months) after infected Symptoms can mimic a bad case of the flu Latency (or chronic) phase can last up to ten years before passing away Common symptoms: fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, vo ...
Viral Structure Virion, protein capsid, some have lipid envelope
... Acute and Persistent Infections • Acute: • Rapid onset • Short duration ...
... Acute and Persistent Infections • Acute: • Rapid onset • Short duration ...
Science Forward--Evolution
... John Dennehy: [6:33] When we produce the results of our data, we often look at them in a graphical form. This very much helps me. I'm a very visual thinker. To determine a relationship between multiple complex variables, it's very helpful to look at them graphically. If you can see the picture you c ...
... John Dennehy: [6:33] When we produce the results of our data, we often look at them in a graphical form. This very much helps me. I'm a very visual thinker. To determine a relationship between multiple complex variables, it's very helpful to look at them graphically. If you can see the picture you c ...
Diagnosis in Animals
... Sir David Bruce found the causative agent to be Bacillus melitensis. He found the bacteria in the spleens of British soldiers who died of undulant fever on the Mediterranean island of Malta. Several years later the infection in these British soldiers was traced to the soldier’s drinking contaminated ...
... Sir David Bruce found the causative agent to be Bacillus melitensis. He found the bacteria in the spleens of British soldiers who died of undulant fever on the Mediterranean island of Malta. Several years later the infection in these British soldiers was traced to the soldier’s drinking contaminated ...
Microbiology 3 - Circle of Docs
... 65. Which is caused by an exfoliating toxin and is characterized by a diffuse erythematous rash and sloughing of the epidermis a. Typhoid fever b. Scarlet fever c. Scalded skin syndrome d. Toxic shock syndrome Caused by Staph. aureus 66. Which does not induce active acquired immunity a. Subclinical ...
... 65. Which is caused by an exfoliating toxin and is characterized by a diffuse erythematous rash and sloughing of the epidermis a. Typhoid fever b. Scarlet fever c. Scalded skin syndrome d. Toxic shock syndrome Caused by Staph. aureus 66. Which does not induce active acquired immunity a. Subclinical ...
19_Study Guide
... Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. Other scientists suggest that the mimivirus evolved more recently than c ...
... Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. Other scientists suggest that the mimivirus evolved more recently than c ...
Module5: Other RNA viruses
... involves the cardiac vascular system. Mortality can be more than 80% depending on the immune status of the animal and virulence of the isolate. Subclinical disease can occur in donkeys and vaccinated horses. Diagnosis is usually carried out by using complement fixation tests and haemagglutination in ...
... involves the cardiac vascular system. Mortality can be more than 80% depending on the immune status of the animal and virulence of the isolate. Subclinical disease can occur in donkeys and vaccinated horses. Diagnosis is usually carried out by using complement fixation tests and haemagglutination in ...
MD0808 1-1 LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 1 Introduction to
... by viruses. Examples include chickenpox (varicella), German measles (rubella), and "red" measles (rubeola). Also, more severe types of diseases, such as smallpox (which has almost been eradicated from the world), poliomyelitis (an inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord and brain), rabies ...
... by viruses. Examples include chickenpox (varicella), German measles (rubella), and "red" measles (rubeola). Also, more severe types of diseases, such as smallpox (which has almost been eradicated from the world), poliomyelitis (an inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord and brain), rabies ...
Ch. 19 - Phillips Scientific Methods
... Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. Other scientists suggest that the mimivirus evolved more recently than c ...
... Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. Other scientists suggest that the mimivirus evolved more recently than c ...
CHAPTER 18 MICROBIAL MODELS: THE GENETICS OF VIRUSES
... Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. Other scientists suggest that the mimivirus evolved more recently than c ...
... Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. Other scientists suggest that the mimivirus evolved more recently than c ...
Viruses - OHS General Biology
... Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. ...
... Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. ...
File - Peter Litsas
... types of plankton that are considered bacteria. Cyanobacteria produce much of the world’s oxygen, they are also known as blue-green algae. (Science For All Americans) A virus is a non-living infectious agent that is encapsulated in a protein shell called a capsid. It is not a cell, but it does have ...
... types of plankton that are considered bacteria. Cyanobacteria produce much of the world’s oxygen, they are also known as blue-green algae. (Science For All Americans) A virus is a non-living infectious agent that is encapsulated in a protein shell called a capsid. It is not a cell, but it does have ...
Biol 1406 notes Ch 19 8thed
... ○ Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. ○ Other scientists suggest that the mimivirus evolved more recently th ...
... ○ Some scientists suggest that mimivirus evolved before the first cells. They suggest that natural selection then favored a reduced viral genome after cells appeared and the virus developed an exploitative relationship with them. ○ Other scientists suggest that the mimivirus evolved more recently th ...
(T/F) The outer membrane for G+ and the cell membrane for G
... Enterococci are hardier than nonenterococcal group D bacteria. What lab conditions can they grow in? 6.5% NaCl (used as lab test) Following primary infection with TB, if preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination occurs, what follows? -dormant tubercle bacilli form in several organs - REACT ...
... Enterococci are hardier than nonenterococcal group D bacteria. What lab conditions can they grow in? 6.5% NaCl (used as lab test) Following primary infection with TB, if preallergic lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination occurs, what follows? -dormant tubercle bacilli form in several organs - REACT ...
Social history of viruses
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Polio_physical_therapy.jpg?width=300)
The social history of viruses describes the influence of viruses and viral infections on human history. Epidemics caused by viruses began when human behaviour changed during the Neolithic period, around 12,000 years ago, when humans developed more densely populated agricultural communities. This allowed viruses to spread rapidly and subsequently to become endemic. Viruses of plants and livestock also increased, and as humans became dependent on agriculture and farming, diseases such as potyviruses of potatoes and rinderpest of cattle had devastating consequences.Smallpox and measles viruses are among the oldest that infect humans. Having evolved from viruses that infected other animals, they first appeared in humans in Europe and North Africa thousands of years ago. The viruses were later carried to the New World by Europeans during the time of the Spanish Conquests, but the indigenous people had no natural resistance to the viruses and millions of them died during epidemics. Influenza pandemics have been recorded since 1580, and they have occurred with increasing frequency in subsequent centuries. The pandemic of 1918–19, in which 40–50 million died in less than a year, was one of the most devastating in history.Louis Pasteur and Edward Jenner were the first to develop vaccines to protect against viral infections. The nature of viruses remained unknown until the invention of the electron microscope in the 1930s, when the science of virology gained momentum. In the 20th century many diseases both old and new were found to be caused by viruses. There were epidemics of poliomyelitis that were only controlled following the development of a vaccine in the 1950s. HIV is one of the most pathogenic new viruses to have emerged in centuries. Although scientific interest in them arose because of the diseases they cause, most viruses are beneficial. They drive evolution by transferring genes across species, play important roles in ecosystems and are essential to life.