Seroprevalence and potential risk factors of Neospora caninum
... Apart from infectious diseases which cause abortion in cattle, protozoan parasite N. caninum was recognized as one of the leading causes of abortion, causing major economical losses. For the first time we have proved here the presence of sera antibodies against N. caninum in the Republic of Croatia, ...
... Apart from infectious diseases which cause abortion in cattle, protozoan parasite N. caninum was recognized as one of the leading causes of abortion, causing major economical losses. For the first time we have proved here the presence of sera antibodies against N. caninum in the Republic of Croatia, ...
7. CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE (CJD) Cause/Epidemiology
... disorder typically occurs in younger patients. Research suggests vCJD may have ...
... disorder typically occurs in younger patients. Research suggests vCJD may have ...
Import Risk Analysis: Cattle from Australia, Canada, the
... This risk analysis is limited to the description of the risks due to disease-causing organisms associated with the importation of cattle from the USA, Canada, Australia, and the European Union (27 countries). Other risk factors that may be of commercial importance to importers (e.g. genetic diseases ...
... This risk analysis is limited to the description of the risks due to disease-causing organisms associated with the importation of cattle from the USA, Canada, Australia, and the European Union (27 countries). Other risk factors that may be of commercial importance to importers (e.g. genetic diseases ...
Treatment for Periodontal Disease
... It is extremely important to note that periodontal disease can progress without any signs or symptoms such as pain. This is why regular dental checkups are exceptionally important. Described below are some of the most common signs and symptoms of periodontitis. If you have any of these signs or symp ...
... It is extremely important to note that periodontal disease can progress without any signs or symptoms such as pain. This is why regular dental checkups are exceptionally important. Described below are some of the most common signs and symptoms of periodontitis. If you have any of these signs or symp ...
Tuberculosis in domestic animal species (PDF Available)
... 2009). Surveillance of TB in goats in non-OTF countries is therefore important, and given its zoonotic potential, goats used for raw milk production living in mixed cattle-goat herds must be tested for TB (Regulation (EC) 853/2004). However, most non-OTF countries lack an active ante-mortem TB surve ...
... 2009). Surveillance of TB in goats in non-OTF countries is therefore important, and given its zoonotic potential, goats used for raw milk production living in mixed cattle-goat herds must be tested for TB (Regulation (EC) 853/2004). However, most non-OTF countries lack an active ante-mortem TB surve ...
Synthetic Prions - Department Of Biological Sciences Hunter
... to Tg mice expressing MoPrP(P101L) in which the transgene was incorporated through gene replacement (31). The use of gene replacement permits all of the regulatory elements that control the wild-type (wt) MoPrP gene to modulate the expression of MoPrP(P101L). In these mice, the expression level of M ...
... to Tg mice expressing MoPrP(P101L) in which the transgene was incorporated through gene replacement (31). The use of gene replacement permits all of the regulatory elements that control the wild-type (wt) MoPrP gene to modulate the expression of MoPrP(P101L). In these mice, the expression level of M ...
Emerging Pathogens in Meat and Poultry
... previously unknown pathogens such as the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). When such truly new pathogens emerge in one part of the world, many questions remain initially unanswered, including how they are transmitted, which animal species they can infect, whether they may exte ...
... previously unknown pathogens such as the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). When such truly new pathogens emerge in one part of the world, many questions remain initially unanswered, including how they are transmitted, which animal species they can infect, whether they may exte ...
Inclusion Body Disease
... were administered filtered liver homogenate obtained from an IBD-infected boa eventually developed intracytoplasmic inclusions in hepatocytes.5 Because purified virus was not used in these studies, it is impossible to implicate a retrovirus as the underlying etiology of inclusion formation in the in ...
... were administered filtered liver homogenate obtained from an IBD-infected boa eventually developed intracytoplasmic inclusions in hepatocytes.5 Because purified virus was not used in these studies, it is impossible to implicate a retrovirus as the underlying etiology of inclusion formation in the in ...
1/5 THE ROLE OF Histophilus somni IN BOVINE
... bacterial ethiologies. The course of disease, hyperthermia, salivation, eye discharge, depression, increased respiratory rate, …, all is found during a clinical case. Environment, immunity and coinfection all play a role in modulating the severity of each case. Coinfection with other bacteria is com ...
... bacterial ethiologies. The course of disease, hyperthermia, salivation, eye discharge, depression, increased respiratory rate, …, all is found during a clinical case. Environment, immunity and coinfection all play a role in modulating the severity of each case. Coinfection with other bacteria is com ...
Johne`s Disease - Animal Health Ireland
... The purchase of an infected animal (male or female) is the most common way that Johne’s disease spreads between farms (Sweeney, 1996; Radostits et al., 2007; Richardson et al., 2009). ...
... The purchase of an infected animal (male or female) is the most common way that Johne’s disease spreads between farms (Sweeney, 1996; Radostits et al., 2007; Richardson et al., 2009). ...
Chronic Wasting Disease in Deer and Elk in Arkansas
... deer and elk will increase the prevalence of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in humans, this has not occurred in regions where CWD is considered endemic in deer. There is also no evidence that CWD can be transmitted to domestic livestock such as cattle, sheep or goats. Due to concerns about the developmen ...
... deer and elk will increase the prevalence of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in humans, this has not occurred in regions where CWD is considered endemic in deer. There is also no evidence that CWD can be transmitted to domestic livestock such as cattle, sheep or goats. Due to concerns about the developmen ...
The biology of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1)
... vaccines. Vaccines are used to reduce the severity of disease, but cannot always prevent infection due to the endemic nature of BoHV-1 infection (Fenner et al. 1993). There are two vaccines registered for use in Australia: Rhinogard (live BoHV-1.2b strain V155); and IBEPUR, a subunit vaccine (APVMA ...
... vaccines. Vaccines are used to reduce the severity of disease, but cannot always prevent infection due to the endemic nature of BoHV-1 infection (Fenner et al. 1993). There are two vaccines registered for use in Australia: Rhinogard (live BoHV-1.2b strain V155); and IBEPUR, a subunit vaccine (APVMA ...
Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens
... as prions) are all defined as dangerous pathogens. Dangerous pathogens may be used intentionally at work, eg in a microbiology laboratory, but exposure can also occur that is incidental to the purpose of the work, eg healthcare workers exposed to infectious patients, farmers exposed to diseases carr ...
... as prions) are all defined as dangerous pathogens. Dangerous pathogens may be used intentionally at work, eg in a microbiology laboratory, but exposure can also occur that is incidental to the purpose of the work, eg healthcare workers exposed to infectious patients, farmers exposed to diseases carr ...
Reportable Infectious Diseases in Michigan, 2007–2011
... (MDSS). MDSS is a centralized, statewide, web-based database utilized for reporting diseases in Michigan. It can be accessed internally and on-line by authorized public health officials. Internal security measures are in place to protect patient confidentiality. MDSS allows immediate communication a ...
... (MDSS). MDSS is a centralized, statewide, web-based database utilized for reporting diseases in Michigan. It can be accessed internally and on-line by authorized public health officials. Internal security measures are in place to protect patient confidentiality. MDSS allows immediate communication a ...
Pathogenesis and Pathology of Bovine Pneumonia
... in macrophages and by formation of biofilm.36 Virulence factors of B trehalosi are not as well understood as those of many of the other BRD bacterial pathogens; however, there are many similarities with M haemolytica. Strains are encapsulated, and some strains are positive for LKT whereas others are ...
... in macrophages and by formation of biofilm.36 Virulence factors of B trehalosi are not as well understood as those of many of the other BRD bacterial pathogens; however, there are many similarities with M haemolytica. Strains are encapsulated, and some strains are positive for LKT whereas others are ...
Newsletter March 2014
... Dr. Rodney Willoughby, Jr. and his colleagues at the Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin in Milwaukee who were caring for Jeanna offered either hospice care or an experimental treatment to the Giese family. The treatment was based on the hypothesis that rabies mortality occurs not from neuronal cell de ...
... Dr. Rodney Willoughby, Jr. and his colleagues at the Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin in Milwaukee who were caring for Jeanna offered either hospice care or an experimental treatment to the Giese family. The treatment was based on the hypothesis that rabies mortality occurs not from neuronal cell de ...
Reportable Infectious Diseases in Michigan, 2008–2012
... can be accessed internally and on-line by authorized public health officials. Internal security measures are in place to protect patient confidentiality. MDSS allows immediate communication among public health authorities regarding communicable disease investigations. Statistical summaries and repor ...
... can be accessed internally and on-line by authorized public health officials. Internal security measures are in place to protect patient confidentiality. MDSS allows immediate communication among public health authorities regarding communicable disease investigations. Statistical summaries and repor ...
Abnormal odours
... Judgement : Carcass and offal of immature animals are condemned Calcification Calcification is the deposition of calcium salts in dead and degenerating tissue. It may be regarded as a body reaction to immobilize some foreign agents. It may occur in any tissue or organ. In dairy cows, calcifi ...
... Judgement : Carcass and offal of immature animals are condemned Calcification Calcification is the deposition of calcium salts in dead and degenerating tissue. It may be regarded as a body reaction to immobilize some foreign agents. It may occur in any tissue or organ. In dairy cows, calcifi ...
Pertussis Incidence by Age Group Age Distribution of Pertussis Cases
... distribution of pertussis by age. Adults aged 20 years and older now make up a large proportion of the total cases while the proportion of cases among 11-19 year olds has significantly declined. ...
... distribution of pertussis by age. Adults aged 20 years and older now make up a large proportion of the total cases while the proportion of cases among 11-19 year olds has significantly declined. ...
Disinfection of livestock production premises
... m o n t h s (e.g. Salmonella spp.) or even years (e.g. Bacillus anthracis spores) (10) in organic contamination, while many other microorganisms can survive for several days or weeks (e.g. rinderpest virus). In such cases, disinfection is essential to eliminate surviving microorganisms from surfaces ...
... m o n t h s (e.g. Salmonella spp.) or even years (e.g. Bacillus anthracis spores) (10) in organic contamination, while many other microorganisms can survive for several days or weeks (e.g. rinderpest virus). In such cases, disinfection is essential to eliminate surviving microorganisms from surfaces ...
Histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of infectious
... cystic changes was additional changes, considered to be paramount for IBD. Expression and localization of IBD specific viral antigens were noticed mainly intracellular to the rarefied areas of bursal follicle section(s), in conjunction to inner lining of the cystic cavities of affected follicles. In ...
... cystic changes was additional changes, considered to be paramount for IBD. Expression and localization of IBD specific viral antigens were noticed mainly intracellular to the rarefied areas of bursal follicle section(s), in conjunction to inner lining of the cystic cavities of affected follicles. In ...
Altered Scrapie Infectivity Estimates by Titration and Incubation
... higher than 10 t° infectious units/g. In the second part of this experiment (Table 1 b), detergent (S3-14)-treated synaptosomal material obtained from the scrapie brain homogenate was titrated in the presence and absence of NLS. Again, the addition of detergent to the diluent resulted in an LDs0 est ...
... higher than 10 t° infectious units/g. In the second part of this experiment (Table 1 b), detergent (S3-14)-treated synaptosomal material obtained from the scrapie brain homogenate was titrated in the presence and absence of NLS. Again, the addition of detergent to the diluent resulted in an LDs0 est ...
Preventing the transmission of American trypanosomiasis and its
... control of the disease. First, the distribution of domestic vectors has been markedly reduced, and although transmission has not been completely interrupted, effective control measures have been implemented over vast areas. Transmission by principal domestic vectors has been effectively controlled i ...
... control of the disease. First, the distribution of domestic vectors has been markedly reduced, and although transmission has not been completely interrupted, effective control measures have been implemented over vast areas. Transmission by principal domestic vectors has been effectively controlled i ...
Animal diseases in Finland 2015
... in 7% of the 324 tested cows. The antibodies were found in the blood samples taken from cows for abortion diagnosis, and based on the birth dates of these cows, they were most likely infected with SBV between 2012 and 2013. As such, the antibody findings could not be linked to the abortions that occ ...
... in 7% of the 324 tested cows. The antibodies were found in the blood samples taken from cows for abortion diagnosis, and based on the birth dates of these cows, they were most likely infected with SBV between 2012 and 2013. As such, the antibody findings could not be linked to the abortions that occ ...
Rift Valley fever: Real or perceived threat for Zambia?
... questions as to whether RVF is a current or just a perceived threat. To address this question, World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) disease occurrence data on RVF for the period 2005−2010 in the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) was analysed. From the analysis, it was evident that m ...
... questions as to whether RVF is a current or just a perceived threat. To address this question, World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) disease occurrence data on RVF for the period 2005−2010 in the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) was analysed. From the analysis, it was evident that m ...
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease (encephalopathy) in cattle that causes a spongy degeneration in the brain and spinal cord. BSE has a long incubation period, about 2.5 to 8 years, usually affecting adult cattle at a peak age onset of four to five years, all breeds being equally susceptible. BSE is caused by a misfolded protein--a prion. In the United Kingdom, the country worst affected, more than 180,000 cattle have been infected and 4.4 million slaughtered during the eradication program.The disease may be most easily transmitted to human beings by eating food contaminated with the brain, spinal cord or digestive tract of infected carcasses. However, the infectious agent, although most highly concentrated in nervous tissue, can be found in virtually all tissues throughout the body, including blood. In humans, it is known as new variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD or nvCJD), and by June 2014 it had killed 177 people in the United Kingdom, and 52 elsewhere. Between 460,000 and 482,000 BSE-infected animals had entered the human food chain before controls on high-risk offal were introduced in 1989.A British and Irish inquiry into BSE concluded the epizootic was caused by cattle, which are normally herbivores, being fed the remains of other cattle in the form of meat and bone meal (MBM), which caused the infectious agent to spread. The cause of BSE may be from the contamination of MBM from sheep with scrapie that were processed in the same slaughterhouse. The epidemic was probably accelerated by the recycling of infected bovine tissues prior to the recognition of BSE. The origin of the disease itself remains unknown. The infectious agent is distinctive for the high temperatures at which it remains viable, over 600 °C (about 1100 °F). This contributed to the spread of the disease in the United Kingdom, which had reduced the temperatures used during its rendering process. Another contributory factor was the feeding of infected protein supplements to very young calves.