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evolution, biological communities, & species
evolution, biological communities, & species

... • These traits must affect reproductive success • The traits must be genetic • Some selective pressure must favor these traits differently. • We now know that these traits can be the result of mutations in DNA ...
PDF: Printable Press Release
PDF: Printable Press Release

... and other protected areas on land and sea. The results of this effort were mixed, and the team’s ongoing research is tackling this question. Data from the study did suggest, however, that biodiversity loss may follow a “tipping-point” model wherein some fraction of species can be lost with minimal c ...
Introduction to Biology II
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natural selection
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BIO 1C Study Guide 2F10
BIO 1C Study Guide 2F10

... different from it (I may ask questions about key differences)  • In addition to the general life cycle, also know the specifics of the life cycle of a basidiomycete and an  ascomycete  • Know some distinguishing features of each of the four fungal phyla (eg. the chart in your book and in the  powerp ...
Island Biogeography II
Island Biogeography II

... Frey,  J.K.,  M.A.  Bogan,  and  T.L.  Yates.  2007.  Mountaintop  island  age  determines  species  richness  of  boreal   mammals  in  the  American  Southwest.  Ecography  30:  231-­‐240.   Hanski,  I.  1993.  Dynamics  of  small  mammal ...
Evolution - Gonzalez
Evolution - Gonzalez

... DIRECT OBSERVATION  Direct observation - evolutionary changes are happening NOW • Example - bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics ...
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Outline - web.biosci.utexas.edu
Outline - web.biosci.utexas.edu

... Ecosystem: all factors affecting an organism’s survival: abiotic and biotic Individuals of a species form populations living in a given habitat Several populations interact to form communities within a habitat Many communities + abiotic factors form an ecosytem Everything interacts! ...
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... a breeding site, or from one breeding site to another, or when seeds are redistributed away from the parent plant. Dispersal is not to be confused with migration, which is a seasonal rather than permanent movement. Distribution: the geographical range of locations in which a species is found. ...
Ecology Study Guide | Chapters 13-16
Ecology Study Guide | Chapters 13-16

... 1. Know the components and order of the levels within the biosphere.   2. Differentiate between habitat and niche, being able to give examples of each.   3. Be able to explain ecosystems and their biotic and abiotic factors.   a. How can a change in one factor (biotic/abiotic) in an ecosystem can af ...
Section1-3.31975118
Section1-3.31975118

... • Two types of values: Intrinsic-the value or an organism, species, ecosystem, or the earth’s biodiversity based on its existence regardless of whether is has any usefulness to us. Instrumental-the value of an organism, species, ecosystem, or the earth’s biodiversity based on its usefulness to us. U ...
complete table of learning goals
complete table of learning goals

... Those organisms carrying traits that are better suited for a particular environment will have more offspring. Selection pressure could lead to a change in the characteristics of a population. Adaptation requires both variability and selection pressure. Given an understanding of the needs of a given ...
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... Both species benefit from the situation – Ants and acacia trees – Insects and flowers ...
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“brains” of the cell, the nucleus directs cell activities and contains

... excessive temperatures or no oxygen ...
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Types of niche

... occur, can be thought of as the result of adaptations to certain biotic and abiotic factors that predispose and animal to occur in one area as opposed to another” (Morrison et al. ...
Gorgonopsid in Permian Desert
Gorgonopsid in Permian Desert

... There are few things in science that are as controversial as the origins of life, but the fact is that however it started, it has persisted on Earth for nearly 3.8 billion years! As scientists speculate that the first life on Earth was Prokaryotic…just how did such diversification occur? ...
Abiotic vs Biotic Factors
Abiotic vs Biotic Factors

... This includes water, oxygen, light, nutrients, and soil. ...
Ecology - Dominican
Ecology - Dominican

... Climatic factors: Aspects of the weather that influence an ecosystem. Edaphic factors: Aspects of the soil that influence an ecosystem. Niche: The functional role of an organism in an ecosystem, i.e. how it feeds, what it eats, who eats it etc. Nutrient recycling: The continual reuse and reprocessin ...
CH 5 HW
CH 5 HW

... 2. During mating season, male giraffes slam their necks together in fighting bouts to determine which male is stronger and can therefore mate with females. Explain how long necks may have evolved under this scenario, using Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection. 3. Explain how keystone sp ...
Final Exam Review - Hicksville Public Schools / Homepage
Final Exam Review - Hicksville Public Schools / Homepage

... two species evolve separately to have similar traits because they have similar niches. ...
8C4Notes
8C4Notes

... carbon (like methane) as a source of energy in chemosynthesis. 26. Consumers are organisms that cannot make their own energy-rich molecules; they obtain energy by eating other organisms. 27. Herbivores, Carnivore, Omnivores, and Decomposers are all consumers. 28. Herbivores, such as deer and rabbits ...
Geographic Information Systems in Biogeography and
Geographic Information Systems in Biogeography and

... At the core of the analysis of ecosystems is description of their community structure. An ecological community may be described as the assemblage of species populations at a particular place and time. Usually there are interactions among the species of a community, and in many regions clusters of di ...
Practice Exam 6 Below are sample questions from your book (of
Practice Exam 6 Below are sample questions from your book (of

... Below are sample questions from your book (of which all of the answers are in the back). These are not necessarily indicative of the specific material or types of questions that Drs. Hofmockel & Serb will ask on the exam. Remember, they want you to be able to apply your knowledge of the material lea ...
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Biogeography



Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.
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