File - Science Connection
... Body cells are constantly bathed with fluid. A certain system collects this fluid so that it doesn't build up and carries it into tiny tubelike structures. These tiny structures converge to form larger vessels that flow in one direction only. These large vessels empty into small masses of tissue th ...
... Body cells are constantly bathed with fluid. A certain system collects this fluid so that it doesn't build up and carries it into tiny tubelike structures. These tiny structures converge to form larger vessels that flow in one direction only. These large vessels empty into small masses of tissue th ...
The Role of Consumers in Community Diversity
... among different pools; 3. Consumers can determine the distribution of biomass among trophic groups; 4. Stability and reliability of systems & populations is affected by trophic structure as well as numbers of species within trophic groups; 5. Interactions may exist between diversity at one level and ...
... among different pools; 3. Consumers can determine the distribution of biomass among trophic groups; 4. Stability and reliability of systems & populations is affected by trophic structure as well as numbers of species within trophic groups; 5. Interactions may exist between diversity at one level and ...
1 Ecosystem Services and the Economics of
... biodiversity, and is one reason why it has been difficult to secure even the minimum level of protection needed to stem the accelerating wave of species extinctions. At a time when many conservation biologists have called for 20-30% of the land and sea to be set aside in a highly protected state to ...
... biodiversity, and is one reason why it has been difficult to secure even the minimum level of protection needed to stem the accelerating wave of species extinctions. At a time when many conservation biologists have called for 20-30% of the land and sea to be set aside in a highly protected state to ...
Word format - Parliament of Australia
... exist mechanisms for the management planning of Ramsar wetlands and World Heritage sites, the protection of cetaceans, conservation agreements over private lands and similar mechanisms. Discussion In its current form there are several provisions in the EPBC Act through which the Commonwealth could a ...
... exist mechanisms for the management planning of Ramsar wetlands and World Heritage sites, the protection of cetaceans, conservation agreements over private lands and similar mechanisms. Discussion In its current form there are several provisions in the EPBC Act through which the Commonwealth could a ...
Laubscher_Charles_P_Koehorst_Robin_R_AppScie_2012.doc
... reduce impacts, but should also actively contribute to the health and quality of the natural attractions which they visit. It has been discussed by Scheyvens (1999) that eco-tourism can have a disempowering effect upon local communities. If land that is destined for eco-tourism is restricted for pur ...
... reduce impacts, but should also actively contribute to the health and quality of the natural attractions which they visit. It has been discussed by Scheyvens (1999) that eco-tourism can have a disempowering effect upon local communities. If land that is destined for eco-tourism is restricted for pur ...
Lecture 22: Coevolution
... Extinctions 1. Open up vast niche spaces 2. Lead to adaptive radiations e.g. mammals diversify after extinction of dinosaurs 3. Taxa can recover: e.g. ammonites decimated in Permian extinction; came back & diversified in Triassic ...
... Extinctions 1. Open up vast niche spaces 2. Lead to adaptive radiations e.g. mammals diversify after extinction of dinosaurs 3. Taxa can recover: e.g. ammonites decimated in Permian extinction; came back & diversified in Triassic ...
Biodiversity is Autocatalytic
... With the Biodiversity-related Niches Differentiation Theory (BNDT) [14], we recently proposed that species themselves are the architects of the greatest biodiversity of a given environment, because through the realization of their fundamental niche they allow for an expansion of available niches for ...
... With the Biodiversity-related Niches Differentiation Theory (BNDT) [14], we recently proposed that species themselves are the architects of the greatest biodiversity of a given environment, because through the realization of their fundamental niche they allow for an expansion of available niches for ...
on the issues of triage in conservation
... which concentrate on allocating conservation resources to single species (Leader-Williams & Dublin, 2000). Some of the questions that arise from single-species conservation include how individual species should be prioritized, whether management of one focal species would not be detrimental to anoth ...
... which concentrate on allocating conservation resources to single species (Leader-Williams & Dublin, 2000). Some of the questions that arise from single-species conservation include how individual species should be prioritized, whether management of one focal species would not be detrimental to anoth ...
applying species diversity theory to land management
... scales, but it is often not clear how these ideas relate to one another, or how they apply across scales. Consequently, it has been difficult to use diversity theory as a basis for understanding patterns at the intermediate (landscape) scales at which biodiversity is managed. Here, we present a fram ...
... scales, but it is often not clear how these ideas relate to one another, or how they apply across scales. Consequently, it has been difficult to use diversity theory as a basis for understanding patterns at the intermediate (landscape) scales at which biodiversity is managed. Here, we present a fram ...
Insects and the city: what island biogeography tells us about insect
... disperse even across inhospitable environments to reach isolated habitat islands may be more affected by habitat quality than isolation (Angold et al., 2006). Thus, promoting connectivity among urban green spaces by corridors or networks of green spaces that may act as stepping stones may be a usefu ...
... disperse even across inhospitable environments to reach isolated habitat islands may be more affected by habitat quality than isolation (Angold et al., 2006). Thus, promoting connectivity among urban green spaces by corridors or networks of green spaces that may act as stepping stones may be a usefu ...
Marine Microbial Biodiversity - Society for Conservation Biology
... “uniformity”. It may also be understood as something static: “heterogeneity” then denotes “irregularities”, “variety” and “differences”. When assessing biological systems, diversity may also be seen as “richness” (Kratochwil 1999). The highest overall marine diversity occurs in the tropical Indo-Wes ...
... “uniformity”. It may also be understood as something static: “heterogeneity” then denotes “irregularities”, “variety” and “differences”. When assessing biological systems, diversity may also be seen as “richness” (Kratochwil 1999). The highest overall marine diversity occurs in the tropical Indo-Wes ...
Wildlife Corridors and Climate Change Adaptation
... considerable distances over land to stay within their preferred climatic ”envelope”. In essence we need corridors that are large enough to support entire populations as they move – landscape corridors with high quality core habitat that span large areas. In fact the dispersal rates of some species m ...
... considerable distances over land to stay within their preferred climatic ”envelope”. In essence we need corridors that are large enough to support entire populations as they move – landscape corridors with high quality core habitat that span large areas. In fact the dispersal rates of some species m ...
biodiversity- global issues
... Each species is of potential value to humans. So are healthy ecosystems 21. The global collection of genes, species, habitats, ecosystems is a resource that provides for human needs now, and is essential for human survival in the future. Humans depend on other species for all of their food and for m ...
... Each species is of potential value to humans. So are healthy ecosystems 21. The global collection of genes, species, habitats, ecosystems is a resource that provides for human needs now, and is essential for human survival in the future. Humans depend on other species for all of their food and for m ...
Biomes and Biodiversity: Brazil
... covers 2,300,000 square miles and most of the northern part of Brazil. It holds the largest river basin in the world that stretches 1,200 miles long and in some areas reaches 200 miles wide (Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2014). The Amazon is home to some of the rarest and most endangered speci ...
... covers 2,300,000 square miles and most of the northern part of Brazil. It holds the largest river basin in the world that stretches 1,200 miles long and in some areas reaches 200 miles wide (Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2014). The Amazon is home to some of the rarest and most endangered speci ...
MEECE Fact Sheet: MSFD Descriptor 2. Non
... pollution, eutrophication, habitat destruction and overfishing. Biopollution in some cases may surpass the impacts of those “traditional” stressors; but is very rarely covered in environmental assessments. This is because, a formal classification of biopollution impacts has been challenging due to t ...
... pollution, eutrophication, habitat destruction and overfishing. Biopollution in some cases may surpass the impacts of those “traditional” stressors; but is very rarely covered in environmental assessments. This is because, a formal classification of biopollution impacts has been challenging due to t ...
Organismal Interactions and Ecology
... effect of complex biotic and abiotic interactions on all biological systems, from cells and organisms to populations, communities and ecosystems. [See SP 1.3, 3.2] LO 2.23 The student is able to design a plan for collecting data to show that all biological systems (cells, organisms, populations, com ...
... effect of complex biotic and abiotic interactions on all biological systems, from cells and organisms to populations, communities and ecosystems. [See SP 1.3, 3.2] LO 2.23 The student is able to design a plan for collecting data to show that all biological systems (cells, organisms, populations, com ...
Plant Genetic Resources Conservation in Turkey
... 3.749.673 ha. Conservation types, number and size of conservation areas given in Table 6 (Kaya et al., 1998). In Situ Conservation Ex situ conservation has been the most widely accepted and implemented strategy for conserving plant genetic diversity, because it is reasonably easy and cost effective. ...
... 3.749.673 ha. Conservation types, number and size of conservation areas given in Table 6 (Kaya et al., 1998). In Situ Conservation Ex situ conservation has been the most widely accepted and implemented strategy for conserving plant genetic diversity, because it is reasonably easy and cost effective. ...
Biodiversity in New Zealand plantation forests: Policy trends
... However, a review of these and other policy and legal instruments revealed shortcomings in the definition of biodiversity as well as a lack of clear guidelines on how biodiversity should be considered in plantation forest management. In the few cases where explicit references have been made, 'biodiv ...
... However, a review of these and other policy and legal instruments revealed shortcomings in the definition of biodiversity as well as a lack of clear guidelines on how biodiversity should be considered in plantation forest management. In the few cases where explicit references have been made, 'biodiv ...
Impacts of biological invasions: what`s what and - UNIV-TLSE3
... instance, many invasive plants transform ecosystems both above- and belowground, particularly when they differ in functional traits from native flora and when those traits drive ecosystem processes [36]. Although invasive plants frequently have traits more associated with rapid resource acquisition t ...
... instance, many invasive plants transform ecosystems both above- and belowground, particularly when they differ in functional traits from native flora and when those traits drive ecosystem processes [36]. Although invasive plants frequently have traits more associated with rapid resource acquisition t ...
The Business of Biodiversity - Wentworth Group of Concerned
... objectives). Advice from other landowners, state agencies, and local naturalists is conflicting. One source is obsessed with wide vegetation corridors, and suggests connecting the two largest patches with a single corridor. Another likes the idea of a dispersed network of narrow vegetation corridors ...
... objectives). Advice from other landowners, state agencies, and local naturalists is conflicting. One source is obsessed with wide vegetation corridors, and suggests connecting the two largest patches with a single corridor. Another likes the idea of a dispersed network of narrow vegetation corridors ...
Explaining the global biodiversity gradient: energy, area, history and
... species) in the metacommunity, n is the rate of speciation, r is the population density (the number of individuals per unit area of all species combined), and A is the area occupied by the metacommunity. The fundamental biodiversity number is a dimensionless variable incapable of direct physical rep ...
... species) in the metacommunity, n is the rate of speciation, r is the population density (the number of individuals per unit area of all species combined), and A is the area occupied by the metacommunity. The fundamental biodiversity number is a dimensionless variable incapable of direct physical rep ...
Biodiversity
Global Biodiversity is the variety of different types of life found on Earth and the variations within species. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation (number of species) within an area, biome, or planet. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be highest near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is the richest in the tropics. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time but will be likely to slow in the future.The number and variety of plants, animals and other organisms that exist is known as biodiversity. It is an essential component of nature and it ensures the survival of human species by providing food, fuel, shelter, medicines and other resources to mankind. The richness of biodiversity depends on the climatic conditions and area of the region. All species of plants taken together are known as flora and about 70,000 species of plants are known till date. All species of animals taken together are known as fauna which includes birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, insects, crustaceans, molluscs, etc.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037, and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon).The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of a biogenic substance is graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in Western Greenland. Since life began on Earth, five major mass extinctions and several minor events have led to large and sudden drops in biodiversity. The Phanerozoic eon (the last 540 million years) marked a rapid growth in biodiversity via the Cambrian explosion—a period during which the majority of multicellular phyla first appeared. The next 400 million years included repeated, massive biodiversity losses classified as mass extinction events. In the Carboniferous, rainforest collapse led to a great loss of plant and animal life. The Permian–Triassic extinction event, 251 million years ago, was the worst; vertebrate recovery took 30 million years. The most recent, the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, occurred 65 million years ago and has often attracted more attention than others because it resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs.The period since the emergence of humans has displayed an ongoing biodiversity reduction and an accompanying loss of genetic diversity. Named the Holocene extinction, the reduction is caused primarily by human impacts, particularly habitat destruction. Conversely, biodiversity impacts human health in a number of ways, both positively and negatively.The United Nations designated 2011–2020 as the United Nations Decade on Biodiversity.