Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Auditory Image
... The relationship between perception and mental imagery has been elaborated and tested extensively with visual material by Kosslyn (1980, 1994). In Kosslyn’s view (1994, p. 287), ‘images are formed by the same processes that allow one to anticipate what one would see if a particular object or scene w ...
... The relationship between perception and mental imagery has been elaborated and tested extensively with visual material by Kosslyn (1980, 1994). In Kosslyn’s view (1994, p. 287), ‘images are formed by the same processes that allow one to anticipate what one would see if a particular object or scene w ...
07 Cranial nerves, their functional division into three groups. Organ
... • Taste buds are organs containing gustatory & supporting cells that lie within papillae • Chemicals contact taste hairs which change the MP of taste cells & leads to an AP in the sensory ...
... • Taste buds are organs containing gustatory & supporting cells that lie within papillae • Chemicals contact taste hairs which change the MP of taste cells & leads to an AP in the sensory ...
Key Points: Neuroscience Exam #2 Lecture 16 and 17: Development of
... o Free nerve endings in the skin are modality specific and can detect either pain or touch or pressure or temperature Receptor potentials 2-point discrimination and receptive fields o Receptive fields: the area that would stimulate one nerve would constitue its receptive field o 2-point discriminati ...
... o Free nerve endings in the skin are modality specific and can detect either pain or touch or pressure or temperature Receptor potentials 2-point discrimination and receptive fields o Receptive fields: the area that would stimulate one nerve would constitue its receptive field o 2-point discriminati ...
Human Reflexes Introductory Reading and
... Closed head injuries, such as bleeding in or around the brain, may be diagnosed by reflex testing. The oculomotor nerve stimulates the muscles in and around the eyes. If pressure increases in the cranium (such as from an increase in blood volume due to the brain bleeding), then the pressure exerted ...
... Closed head injuries, such as bleeding in or around the brain, may be diagnosed by reflex testing. The oculomotor nerve stimulates the muscles in and around the eyes. If pressure increases in the cranium (such as from an increase in blood volume due to the brain bleeding), then the pressure exerted ...
Somatic motor pathways
... General senses: somatic - tactile, thermal, proprioceptive; visceral -pressure, chemical, stretch, nausea, hunger, temperature. Special senses: smell, taste, vision, hearing and equilibrium. Different types of sensory receptors are involved in the different senses. For a sensation to arise, ...
... General senses: somatic - tactile, thermal, proprioceptive; visceral -pressure, chemical, stretch, nausea, hunger, temperature. Special senses: smell, taste, vision, hearing and equilibrium. Different types of sensory receptors are involved in the different senses. For a sensation to arise, ...
Motor disorders
... of movement. Purkinje cell complex spike activity occurs at very low rates (1-3 Hz), and is driven by climbing fibers. Physiology. Purkinje cell simple spike firing in the vermis modulates with the step cycle during walking. Simple spike firing in the intermediate zone can be related to the pattern ...
... of movement. Purkinje cell complex spike activity occurs at very low rates (1-3 Hz), and is driven by climbing fibers. Physiology. Purkinje cell simple spike firing in the vermis modulates with the step cycle during walking. Simple spike firing in the intermediate zone can be related to the pattern ...
Stimulus-Dependent Synchronization of Neuronal Responses in the
... monkey. It was found that cells with overlapping receptive fields, but different preferences for directions of motion, can engage in synchronous activity if they are stimulated with a single moving bar. In contrast, if the same cells are activated with two different bars, each moving in the directio ...
... monkey. It was found that cells with overlapping receptive fields, but different preferences for directions of motion, can engage in synchronous activity if they are stimulated with a single moving bar. In contrast, if the same cells are activated with two different bars, each moving in the directio ...
Mark Time Reflex
... has two components The Dynamic Stretch Reflex • Rapid stretch of the muscle causes potent signal while the length of the muscle is ...
... has two components The Dynamic Stretch Reflex • Rapid stretch of the muscle causes potent signal while the length of the muscle is ...
A framework for the first-person internal sensation of visual
... elements of the various higher brain functions due to the following reasons. (1) Since different sets of dendritic spine inputs (postsynaptic potentials) can lead to the same action potential, neuronal firing is non-specific with regards to its inputs. For example, in a pyramidal neuron with thousan ...
... elements of the various higher brain functions due to the following reasons. (1) Since different sets of dendritic spine inputs (postsynaptic potentials) can lead to the same action potential, neuronal firing is non-specific with regards to its inputs. For example, in a pyramidal neuron with thousan ...
Trigeminal pathways handout
... 1. Outline the two pathways for facial sensation from the head. 2. Contrast facial sensation from the head and somatic sensation from the body. In what ways are they similar? Different? Try drawing this on the Haines atlas diagram at the end of the lecture. 3. Diagram the corneal reflex: the afferen ...
... 1. Outline the two pathways for facial sensation from the head. 2. Contrast facial sensation from the head and somatic sensation from the body. In what ways are they similar? Different? Try drawing this on the Haines atlas diagram at the end of the lecture. 3. Diagram the corneal reflex: the afferen ...
how spinal cord stimulation can help alleviate chronic pain
... to provide a better alternative to opioids. Laura Tyler Perryman, chair and CEO of the medical device company Stimwave, says SCS systems have the potential to significantly reduce the lifetime cost of care for chronic pain patients, making the devices feasible and effective alternatives to pain medi ...
... to provide a better alternative to opioids. Laura Tyler Perryman, chair and CEO of the medical device company Stimwave, says SCS systems have the potential to significantly reduce the lifetime cost of care for chronic pain patients, making the devices feasible and effective alternatives to pain medi ...
internal structure of the brain stem
... 7.Where are fibers of the corticospinal tract located in the medulla? A .Inferior olivary nucleus B. Pyramid C. Medial lemniscus 8. What is the only cranial nerve that exits dorsally ? A. Trochlear B. Oculomotor C. Abducent 9. Through which cerebral peduncle do cerebellar efferent enter the midbrain ...
... 7.Where are fibers of the corticospinal tract located in the medulla? A .Inferior olivary nucleus B. Pyramid C. Medial lemniscus 8. What is the only cranial nerve that exits dorsally ? A. Trochlear B. Oculomotor C. Abducent 9. Through which cerebral peduncle do cerebellar efferent enter the midbrain ...
Linking reward expectation to behavior in the basal ganglia
... blocks of 20 consecutive trials, such that only correct leftward saccades were rewarded in one block, only correct rightward saccades were rewarded in the next block, and so on. This block-wise design meant that the monkey knew before the target appeared which location would lead to a reward but did ...
... blocks of 20 consecutive trials, such that only correct leftward saccades were rewarded in one block, only correct rightward saccades were rewarded in the next block, and so on. This block-wise design meant that the monkey knew before the target appeared which location would lead to a reward but did ...
07. Pons Internal Features 0102010-10-01 05:141.9
... Trigeminal lemniscus: located lateral to the medial lemniscus, a band of ascending fibers carrying pain, temperature, touch & proprioception from opposite side of face & scalp to the thalamus. Spinal lemniscus: located just medial to lateral lemniscus, it is a band of ascending fibers carrying pain, ...
... Trigeminal lemniscus: located lateral to the medial lemniscus, a band of ascending fibers carrying pain, temperature, touch & proprioception from opposite side of face & scalp to the thalamus. Spinal lemniscus: located just medial to lateral lemniscus, it is a band of ascending fibers carrying pain, ...
The ABCs of VEPs and ERGs Visual Testing Systems Clinical
... Normal VEP waveform shape in each eye No clinically significant asymmetry between the eyes ...
... Normal VEP waveform shape in each eye No clinically significant asymmetry between the eyes ...
Spatial Responsiveness of Monkey Hippocampal Neurons to
... activity of neurons in the hippocampal formation of the conscious monkey was recorded during presentation of various visual and auditory stimuli from several directions around the monkey. Of 1,047 neurons recorded, 106 (10.1%) responded to some stimuli from one or more directions. Of these 106 neuro ...
... activity of neurons in the hippocampal formation of the conscious monkey was recorded during presentation of various visual and auditory stimuli from several directions around the monkey. Of 1,047 neurons recorded, 106 (10.1%) responded to some stimuli from one or more directions. Of these 106 neuro ...
Chapter 12 Nervous System Review Assignment
... c. abnormal functioning of the sodium-potassium pump. d. an attack on the Schwann cells by the immune system. ____ 29. If the dendrite of a sensory neuron is stimulated, which of the following processes will occur next? a. repolarization will occur in the axon of a motor neuron b. depolarization wil ...
... c. abnormal functioning of the sodium-potassium pump. d. an attack on the Schwann cells by the immune system. ____ 29. If the dendrite of a sensory neuron is stimulated, which of the following processes will occur next? a. repolarization will occur in the axon of a motor neuron b. depolarization wil ...
r c
... patients such as loss of drivers license, loss of employment, and loss of self-esteem . 10 AED treatment of epilepsy is significantly different than most other pharmaceutically treated conditions. When treating hypertension or high cholesterol, for example, physicians seek to bring levels down to ce ...
... patients such as loss of drivers license, loss of employment, and loss of self-esteem . 10 AED treatment of epilepsy is significantly different than most other pharmaceutically treated conditions. When treating hypertension or high cholesterol, for example, physicians seek to bring levels down to ce ...
A Subjective Distance Between Stimuli: Quantifying the Metric
... k (q k − q k ) does not fulfill condition 5. Taking into account that the q vectors are normalized (see equation 1.1), the √ maximum value of the Euclidean distance between two stimuli is 2. It can be attained, for example, for (q1 )t = (1, 0, 0, 0) and (q2 )t = (0, 1, 0, 0). In this example, in fac ...
... k (q k − q k ) does not fulfill condition 5. Taking into account that the q vectors are normalized (see equation 1.1), the √ maximum value of the Euclidean distance between two stimuli is 2. It can be attained, for example, for (q1 )t = (1, 0, 0, 0) and (q2 )t = (0, 1, 0, 0). In this example, in fac ...
Chapter 15: Special Senses
... capsule and innervated by gamma motor neurons • Stretching of the muscle stretches the muscle spindles sending sensory information back to the CNS • Spindle sensory fiber monitor changes in muscle length ...
... capsule and innervated by gamma motor neurons • Stretching of the muscle stretches the muscle spindles sending sensory information back to the CNS • Spindle sensory fiber monitor changes in muscle length ...
Allochiria
Allochiria (from the Greek meaning ""other hand"") is a neurological disorder in which the patient responds to stimuli presented to one side of their body as if the stimuli had been presented at the opposite side. It is associated with spatial transpositions, usually symmetrical, of stimuli from one side of the body (or of the space) to the opposite one. Thus a touch to the left arm will be reported as a touch to the right arm, which is also known as somatosensory allochiria. If the auditory or visual senses are affected, sounds (a person's voice for instance) will be reported as being heard on the opposite side to that on which they occur and objects presented visually will be reported as having been presented on the opposite side. Often patients may express allochiria in their drawing while copying an image. Allochiria often co-occurs with unilateral neglect and, like hemispatial neglect, the disorder arises commonly from damage to the right parietal lobe.Allochiria is often confused with alloesthesia, also known as false allochiria. True allochiria is a symptom of dyschiria and unilateral neglect. Dyschiria is a disorder in the localization of sensation due to various degrees of dissociation and cause impairment in one side causing the inability to tell which side of the body was touched.