What are the main money instruments used by the CDM?
... The second stage is the creation of a Project Design Document (PDD), designed to predict the amount of carbon offset by a venture. The authorities involved in the creation of this document include implementers (companies), sellers and ...
... The second stage is the creation of a Project Design Document (PDD), designed to predict the amount of carbon offset by a venture. The authorities involved in the creation of this document include implementers (companies), sellers and ...
INTERREG IIIB ASTRA PROJECT Report on Generation, Use and
... large scale predictors. These relationships can be based on a range of mathematical functions and fitting routines (cf. Wilby et al. 2002, for an overview and, for example, Fig. 2). Advantages of these methods are there computational efficiency, the possibility to apply them easily to several GCMs a ...
... large scale predictors. These relationships can be based on a range of mathematical functions and fitting routines (cf. Wilby et al. 2002, for an overview and, for example, Fig. 2). Advantages of these methods are there computational efficiency, the possibility to apply them easily to several GCMs a ...
Cooperation Studies of Catastrophe Avoidance: Implications for
... We review five findings observed using the collective-risk game that cast light on the factors that spur and inhibit collective efforts to avoid dangerous climate change. Specifically, (1) we present evidence that the risk of collective failure is a major variable underpinning cooperation—the higher ...
... We review five findings observed using the collective-risk game that cast light on the factors that spur and inhibit collective efforts to avoid dangerous climate change. Specifically, (1) we present evidence that the risk of collective failure is a major variable underpinning cooperation—the higher ...
The risks of relying on tomorrow`s `negative emissions` to guide
... emissions options, insofar as they rely on biological carbon fixation, are inherently landintensive. This means they would take up large amounts of land that might otherwise be used for agriculture, or be left wild. There is thus no guarantee that it will be possible to deploy them at large enough s ...
... emissions options, insofar as they rely on biological carbon fixation, are inherently landintensive. This means they would take up large amounts of land that might otherwise be used for agriculture, or be left wild. There is thus no guarantee that it will be possible to deploy them at large enough s ...
Detection and attribution
... Temporal development of Ti(m,L) = Ti(m) – Ti-L(m) divided by the standard deviation of the m-year mean reconstructed temp record for m=5 and L=20 (top), and for m=30 and L=100 years. The thresholds R = 2, 2.5 and 3σ are given as dashed lines; they are derived from temperature variations modelled as ...
... Temporal development of Ti(m,L) = Ti(m) – Ti-L(m) divided by the standard deviation of the m-year mean reconstructed temp record for m=5 and L=20 (top), and for m=30 and L=100 years. The thresholds R = 2, 2.5 and 3σ are given as dashed lines; they are derived from temperature variations modelled as ...
REDD Readiness Progress Fact Sheet COUNTRY: Guatemala
... Signature of the grant agreement between Guatemala and IDB was made April 01 2014. Workshops are being conducted with stakeholders to update the work plan of the R-PP and to create synergies between institutions and donors. Progress is been made in the immediate activities agreed in the Transfer Agr ...
... Signature of the grant agreement between Guatemala and IDB was made April 01 2014. Workshops are being conducted with stakeholders to update the work plan of the R-PP and to create synergies between institutions and donors. Progress is been made in the immediate activities agreed in the Transfer Agr ...
Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments: COG Home
... – “Air pollution " is not defined under the CAA. Thus, we have discretion to adopt any reasonable/permissible interpretation, whether it be a definition of “air pollution” as a class of GHGs, or as several individual GHGs – Preserves option of treating gases separately at the “cause or contribute” s ...
... – “Air pollution " is not defined under the CAA. Thus, we have discretion to adopt any reasonable/permissible interpretation, whether it be a definition of “air pollution” as a class of GHGs, or as several individual GHGs – Preserves option of treating gases separately at the “cause or contribute” s ...
Project Presentation - The Bush School of Government and Public
... Top 18 Impacts – Non-Chinese Asia Great Power Competition in Central Asia Underdeveloped energy reserves could become a flashpoint for conflict. ...
... Top 18 Impacts – Non-Chinese Asia Great Power Competition in Central Asia Underdeveloped energy reserves could become a flashpoint for conflict. ...
this publication
... since 1990 in some regions. Stabilizing CO2 concentrations well below 450 ppmv seems critical for the long-‐term survival of coral reef ecosystems. • Current proposals associated with the Copenhagen Accord impl ...
... since 1990 in some regions. Stabilizing CO2 concentrations well below 450 ppmv seems critical for the long-‐term survival of coral reef ecosystems. • Current proposals associated with the Copenhagen Accord impl ...
Draft Note to the meeting of the Programme Committee on 28
... At the Copenhagen Climate Summit in 2009, COP15, a non-binding agreement was reached which included provisions for further “accelerated” financing for both mitigation and adaptation to climate change. The Copenhagen Accord states that “Scaled up, new and additional, predictable and adequate funding ...
... At the Copenhagen Climate Summit in 2009, COP15, a non-binding agreement was reached which included provisions for further “accelerated” financing for both mitigation and adaptation to climate change. The Copenhagen Accord states that “Scaled up, new and additional, predictable and adequate funding ...
Ministry of Foreign Affairs MKL Grant Committee Meeting 25 October
... COP 21 in Paris 2015 asked GEF to conduct a technical review of the programme priorities of LDCF (in relation to the UNFCCC mandate) – and this review is underway. Furthermore, at the next COP22, a review of the Financial Mechanism of UNFCCC will commence, to be finalized by COP23. This concerns th ...
... COP 21 in Paris 2015 asked GEF to conduct a technical review of the programme priorities of LDCF (in relation to the UNFCCC mandate) – and this review is underway. Furthermore, at the next COP22, a review of the Financial Mechanism of UNFCCC will commence, to be finalized by COP23. This concerns th ...
United Nations Development Assistance Framework
... consequences of climate change. On 8th session of the Conference of the Parties there were accepted decisions, in particular in relation to: National reports of Parties of Annex 1 (the term of presentation is set to Secretariat of Convention of fourth national reports to January 1, 2006); Method ...
... consequences of climate change. On 8th session of the Conference of the Parties there were accepted decisions, in particular in relation to: National reports of Parties of Annex 1 (the term of presentation is set to Secretariat of Convention of fourth national reports to January 1, 2006); Method ...
Country Note Mexico
... The Ministry of Agriculture24 (SAGARPA, Spanish acronym), through its different public institutions, is responsible for specific response actions (programs) related to climate change aspects in livestock, land use and land management, as well as the assessment of vulnerabilities to climate change an ...
... The Ministry of Agriculture24 (SAGARPA, Spanish acronym), through its different public institutions, is responsible for specific response actions (programs) related to climate change aspects in livestock, land use and land management, as well as the assessment of vulnerabilities to climate change an ...
Glossary of Synthesis Report
... chemical and biological properties of its components, their interactions and feedback processes, and accounting for all or some of its known properties. The climate system can be represented by models of varying complexity, that is, for any one component or combination of components a spectrum or hi ...
... chemical and biological properties of its components, their interactions and feedback processes, and accounting for all or some of its known properties. The climate system can be represented by models of varying complexity, that is, for any one component or combination of components a spectrum or hi ...
2000 year atmospheric history of methyl chloride from a South Pole
... a deviation from the trend, referred to as DtrendCH3Cl (Figure 2, upper). A striking feature in DtrendCH3Cl is the increase around 950 AD, to a maximum of +60 ppt near 1200 AD. DtrendCH3Cl remained elevated until about 1300 AD, at which point it began to decline to its minimum of about 35 ppt in 169 ...
... a deviation from the trend, referred to as DtrendCH3Cl (Figure 2, upper). A striking feature in DtrendCH3Cl is the increase around 950 AD, to a maximum of +60 ppt near 1200 AD. DtrendCH3Cl remained elevated until about 1300 AD, at which point it began to decline to its minimum of about 35 ppt in 169 ...
Introduction of Chinese Participants
... Abstract：India's energy and climate policy will have a significant impact both on the situation of the global greenhouse gas emission and the success of the global climate cooperation afterwards Paris Climate Conference in the future. To have a clear understanding about the dynamics and the targets ...
... Abstract：India's energy and climate policy will have a significant impact both on the situation of the global greenhouse gas emission and the success of the global climate cooperation afterwards Paris Climate Conference in the future. To have a clear understanding about the dynamics and the targets ...
Climate Change and the World Council of Churches
... The most direct lineage for the WCC Climate Change work comes from the work of the former WCC Church in Society which convened a pivotal consultation in Budapest in 1974 to launch a study on science and technology which culminated in a major conference at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ...
... The most direct lineage for the WCC Climate Change work comes from the work of the former WCC Church in Society which convened a pivotal consultation in Budapest in 1974 to launch a study on science and technology which culminated in a major conference at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ...
UNFCCC Workshop on the preparation of national communications
... addressing anthropogenic emission by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change, following the provisions in these guidelines. Paragraph 27: Taking into account Article 4, paragraph 7 ...
... addressing anthropogenic emission by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change, following the provisions in these guidelines. Paragraph 27: Taking into account Article 4, paragraph 7 ...
Folie 1 - hvonstorch.de
... For many years, the discussion about the impact of air traffic on the climate ceased. But in the early 1990s the topic re-entered the public debate, this time regarding high-flying conventional jet liners. The focus of concern is the effect of contrails and exhaust gases on the radiative balance of ...
... For many years, the discussion about the impact of air traffic on the climate ceased. But in the early 1990s the topic re-entered the public debate, this time regarding high-flying conventional jet liners. The focus of concern is the effect of contrails and exhaust gases on the radiative balance of ...
ITU and Early Warning
... Labeling environment-friendly TVs is another way of minimizing emissions. Some samples: Energy Star programme: • based on IEC 62087 standard; • sets thresholds that would permit about 25% of the TVs on the market to receive the Energy Star label. LCD TV Association “Green TV” programme: • based on I ...
... Labeling environment-friendly TVs is another way of minimizing emissions. Some samples: Energy Star programme: • based on IEC 62087 standard; • sets thresholds that would permit about 25% of the TVs on the market to receive the Energy Star label. LCD TV Association “Green TV” programme: • based on I ...
Recent Trends with Implications for National Security
... level, global upper ocean heat content, and specific humidity are all rising; 2) northern hemisphere snow cover and Arctic ice are decreasing; 3) the lower stratosphere is cooling while the upper troposphere is warming; 4) and the Arctic is warming faster than mid-latitudes and the tropics. All of t ...
... level, global upper ocean heat content, and specific humidity are all rising; 2) northern hemisphere snow cover and Arctic ice are decreasing; 3) the lower stratosphere is cooling while the upper troposphere is warming; 4) and the Arctic is warming faster than mid-latitudes and the tropics. All of t ...
here. - Climate Action Network South Asia
... preparedness during emergency situations are prominent. Improvement of infrastructure is also an important part of disaster preparedness for the state. Livestock becomes the alternate livelihood option when agriculture is impacted due to climate change. It is important that state agriculture departm ...
... preparedness during emergency situations are prominent. Improvement of infrastructure is also an important part of disaster preparedness for the state. Livestock becomes the alternate livelihood option when agriculture is impacted due to climate change. It is important that state agriculture departm ...
AKEBE LEONARD AKOH INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUS- TAINABILITY.
... demand of urban planning because as of now in the developing countries there are no maximization of energy efficiency in buildings. Meanwhile within the EU buildings are responsible for 40% of greenhouse gas emissions. In Africa, there are very few energy efficient houses, thou very little is done w ...
... demand of urban planning because as of now in the developing countries there are no maximization of energy efficiency in buildings. Meanwhile within the EU buildings are responsible for 40% of greenhouse gas emissions. In Africa, there are very few energy efficient houses, thou very little is done w ...
Going beyond aid effectiveness to guide the delivery of climate finance
... moving towards a position of legislating its national commitment to spend 0.7% of GNI annually on aid. In contrast, there have been strong, early calls within the UNFCCC negotiations to make climate finance transfers mandatory within a legally binding global agreement. The outcome of such an agreeme ...
... moving towards a position of legislating its national commitment to spend 0.7% of GNI annually on aid. In contrast, there have been strong, early calls within the UNFCCC negotiations to make climate finance transfers mandatory within a legally binding global agreement. The outcome of such an agreeme ...
Climate counseling – new governance in Swedish agriculture
... practices are among the counterparts (Jordan et al., 2003b). Hence, provision of advice might become too embedded into existing narratives and institutions, as these are articulated by farmers (cf. Morris, 2006). A particular problem is that the issue itself, i.e. climate change, affects stakeholder ...
... practices are among the counterparts (Jordan et al., 2003b). Hence, provision of advice might become too embedded into existing narratives and institutions, as these are articulated by farmers (cf. Morris, 2006). A particular problem is that the issue itself, i.e. climate change, affects stakeholder ...
2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference
The 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference, commonly known as the Copenhagen Summit, was held at the Bella Center in Copenhagen, Denmark, between 7 and 18 December. The conference included the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 5th Meeting of the Parties (MOP 5) to the Kyoto Protocol. According to the Bali Road Map, a framework for climate change mitigation beyond 2012 was to be agreed there.On Friday 18 December, the final day of the conference, international media reported that the climate talks were ""in disarray"". Media also reported that in lieu of a summit collapse, only a ""weak political statement"" was anticipated at the conclusion of the conference. The Copenhagen Accord was drafted by the United States, China, India, Brazil and South Africa on 18 December, and judged a ""meaningful agreement"" by the United States government. It was ""taken note of"", but not ""adopted"", in a debate of all the participating countries the next day, and it was not passed unanimously. The document recognised that climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the present day and that actions should be taken to keep any temperature increases to below 2 °C. The document is not legally binding and does not contain any legally binding commitments for reducing CO2 emissions.In January 2014, documents leaked by Edward Snowden and published by Dagbladet Information revealed that the US government negotiators were in receipt of information during the conference that was being obtained by spying against other conference delegations. The US National Security Agency provided US delegates with advance details other delegations' positions, including the Danish plan to ""rescue"" the talks should they flounder. Members of the Danish negotiating team said that both the US and Chinese delegations were ""peculiarly well-informed"" about closed-door discussions: ""They simply sat back, just as we had feared they would if they knew about our document.""