The effects of winter moth defoliation on forest growth and
... identified in Massachusetts around 2003, however, there is speculation that the winter moth has been present since the 1990s (Simmons et al. 2014). Specifically, the winter moth invaded Falmouth, MA in 2007 (Hibbard and Elkinton 2015). The winter moth caterpillar is known for defoliating native deci ...
... identified in Massachusetts around 2003, however, there is speculation that the winter moth has been present since the 1990s (Simmons et al. 2014). Specifically, the winter moth invaded Falmouth, MA in 2007 (Hibbard and Elkinton 2015). The winter moth caterpillar is known for defoliating native deci ...
PDF - World Agroforestry Centre
... The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau covers the Chinese provinces of Tibet A.R. and Qinghai, and parts of Gansu, northwest Sichuan and northwest Yunnan. The total land area of the Plateau is around 2.5 million km2, accounting for about 26% of China’s land area (Zhang et al. 2002). The average altitude of the P ...
... The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau covers the Chinese provinces of Tibet A.R. and Qinghai, and parts of Gansu, northwest Sichuan and northwest Yunnan. The total land area of the Plateau is around 2.5 million km2, accounting for about 26% of China’s land area (Zhang et al. 2002). The average altitude of the P ...
Equitable access to sustainable development
... negotiations, the heterogeneous resource endowments and other national circumstances of particular countries would be taken into account politically, thereby adding the ‘plus’ to the formula. The equity-based approach may be used not only at the start, but also as an ongoing reference for review of ...
... negotiations, the heterogeneous resource endowments and other national circumstances of particular countries would be taken into account politically, thereby adding the ‘plus’ to the formula. The equity-based approach may be used not only at the start, but also as an ongoing reference for review of ...
Climate Change, Carbon, and Forestry in Northwestern North America:
... increased over the past 150 years, from a pre-industrial mean concentration of 280 ppmv to a mean concentration in 2000 of 367 ppmv, representing an increase of 176 Gt of carbon between 1850 and 1998. Between 1850 and 1998, ca. 270 Gt of carbon were released into the atmosphere from fossil fuel burn ...
... increased over the past 150 years, from a pre-industrial mean concentration of 280 ppmv to a mean concentration in 2000 of 367 ppmv, representing an increase of 176 Gt of carbon between 1850 and 1998. Between 1850 and 1998, ca. 270 Gt of carbon were released into the atmosphere from fossil fuel burn ...
23-3_sabine
... Commission (IOC) has been responsible for organizing and coordinating the scientific investigation of ocean carbon. Roger Revelle (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) first articulated the principal need for international and intergovernmental coordination to address global-scale problems such as c ...
... Commission (IOC) has been responsible for organizing and coordinating the scientific investigation of ocean carbon. Roger Revelle (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) first articulated the principal need for international and intergovernmental coordination to address global-scale problems such as c ...
Forest biomass, carbon neutrality and climate change mitigation
... much more important question: how European forests and the associated industries can contribute to climate change mitigation while serving many other functions. Rather than debating the carbon neutrality of bioenergy, we should be concerned with the net climate change effects of bioenergy, assessed ...
... much more important question: how European forests and the associated industries can contribute to climate change mitigation while serving many other functions. Rather than debating the carbon neutrality of bioenergy, we should be concerned with the net climate change effects of bioenergy, assessed ...
This is an author version of the contribution published on: Questa è
... interactions. The results of this study were interpreted in terms of disease incidence, cultivable abundance, enzymatic assays, and variability of fungal profiles by PCR-DGGE. Other studies have shown that the response of soil microorganisms to elevated CO2 conditions is highly variable and strongly ...
... interactions. The results of this study were interpreted in terms of disease incidence, cultivable abundance, enzymatic assays, and variability of fungal profiles by PCR-DGGE. Other studies have shown that the response of soil microorganisms to elevated CO2 conditions is highly variable and strongly ...
Land degradation in drylands: Interactions among
... have also been reported in the southwestern United States, Australia, Southern Africa, and South America (Pickup, 1998; Van Auken, 2000; Ravi et al., 2009a). Anthropogenic pressures include the overgrazing of rangelands, which comprise around 70% of drylands, and conversions to cropland. These press ...
... have also been reported in the southwestern United States, Australia, Southern Africa, and South America (Pickup, 1998; Van Auken, 2000; Ravi et al., 2009a). Anthropogenic pressures include the overgrazing of rangelands, which comprise around 70% of drylands, and conversions to cropland. These press ...
Guardians of the Amazon - Environmental Defense Fund
... were based on a proposal crafted by EDF and the state’s three biggest oil-and-gas producers. The rules will cut volatile organic air pollution that causes smog and methane emissions by well over 100,000 tons each year. They’ll also include the nation’s first-ever direct controls on methane. That’s i ...
... were based on a proposal crafted by EDF and the state’s three biggest oil-and-gas producers. The rules will cut volatile organic air pollution that causes smog and methane emissions by well over 100,000 tons each year. They’ll also include the nation’s first-ever direct controls on methane. That’s i ...
Full-Text PDF
... watershed, Thailand, which is also the main source of environmental deterioration [3]. Soil loss creates negative impacts on agricultural production [4] of crops such as corn and soybeans, infrastructure and water quality. The potential causes of increased soil erosion could be increased temperature ...
... watershed, Thailand, which is also the main source of environmental deterioration [3]. Soil loss creates negative impacts on agricultural production [4] of crops such as corn and soybeans, infrastructure and water quality. The potential causes of increased soil erosion could be increased temperature ...
Black Carbon Mitigation and the Role of the
... climate change at regional and global scales. Black carbon also accelerates the rapid melting of the cryosphere, particularly in the Himalayas and the Arctic, adding urgency to the need to decrease emissions into the atmosphere. All SLCPs should be considered since the impact of each species is high ...
... climate change at regional and global scales. Black carbon also accelerates the rapid melting of the cryosphere, particularly in the Himalayas and the Arctic, adding urgency to the need to decrease emissions into the atmosphere. All SLCPs should be considered since the impact of each species is high ...
Synergy of rising nitrogen depositions and atmospheric CO2 on land
... productivity and soil decomposition are reduced accordingly. Therefore, the model is able to reproduce direct feedbacks between nitrogen availability and biomass growth or soil decomposition. Nitrogen loss from ecosystem includes leaching of nitrogen with water outflow and gaseous losses during fire ...
... productivity and soil decomposition are reduced accordingly. Therefore, the model is able to reproduce direct feedbacks between nitrogen availability and biomass growth or soil decomposition. Nitrogen loss from ecosystem includes leaching of nitrogen with water outflow and gaseous losses during fire ...
Fourth Carbon Budget Review – part 1
... fluctuations and cooling from other natural factors. Similar periods occurred in the 20th Century, and they are consistent with longer-term warming. • Recent assessments of the likely temperature change in response to greenhouse gas concentrations confirm previous ones. In particular, the IPCC prov ...
... fluctuations and cooling from other natural factors. Similar periods occurred in the 20th Century, and they are consistent with longer-term warming. • Recent assessments of the likely temperature change in response to greenhouse gas concentrations confirm previous ones. In particular, the IPCC prov ...
The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the
... The terrestrial biosphere can release or absorb the greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), and therefore has an important role in regulating atmospheric composition and climate1. Anthropogenic activities such as land-use change, agriculture and waste managemen ...
... The terrestrial biosphere can release or absorb the greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), and therefore has an important role in regulating atmospheric composition and climate1. Anthropogenic activities such as land-use change, agriculture and waste managemen ...
Effects of Rainfall Patterns on Soil Nitrogen Cycling
... The simulated 1 m deep one dimensional soil column was discretized with a spatial resolution of 1.0 cm (Table 2). The soil profile was divided into six soil layers: 02.5, 2.5-7.5, 7.5-15, 15-30, 30-50, 50-100 cm. The Rosetta module (Schaap et al., 2001) was applied using the data listed in Table 1. ...
... The simulated 1 m deep one dimensional soil column was discretized with a spatial resolution of 1.0 cm (Table 2). The soil profile was divided into six soil layers: 02.5, 2.5-7.5, 7.5-15, 15-30, 30-50, 50-100 cm. The Rosetta module (Schaap et al., 2001) was applied using the data listed in Table 1. ...
Is atmospheric carbon dioxide removal a game changer for climate
... Direct carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere–ocean system can be achieved with the application of several technologies. First, there are land-based removal methods such as afforestation, land use management, and biomass combustion to produce electricity or fuel coupled with sequestering t ...
... Direct carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere–ocean system can be achieved with the application of several technologies. First, there are land-based removal methods such as afforestation, land use management, and biomass combustion to produce electricity or fuel coupled with sequestering t ...
- Wiley Online Library
... (Earth’s ‘third pole’) has increased by 0.2 °C per decade over the past 50 years, which results in significant permafrost thawing and glacier retreat. Our review suggested that warming enhanced net primary production and soil respiration, decreased methane (CH4) emissions from wetlands and increased ...
... (Earth’s ‘third pole’) has increased by 0.2 °C per decade over the past 50 years, which results in significant permafrost thawing and glacier retreat. Our review suggested that warming enhanced net primary production and soil respiration, decreased methane (CH4) emissions from wetlands and increased ...
Biosphere feedbacks and climate change
... The increase of GHGs since pre-industrial time has created a positive radiative forcing, leading inevitably to an increase in the Earth’s surface temperature. Since the Industrial Revolution, the atmospheric concentration of CO2 has risen from its preindustrial value of around 280 parts per million ...
... The increase of GHGs since pre-industrial time has created a positive radiative forcing, leading inevitably to an increase in the Earth’s surface temperature. Since the Industrial Revolution, the atmospheric concentration of CO2 has risen from its preindustrial value of around 280 parts per million ...
Report
... of the world’s biodiversity. They drive many of the earth’s local and global climatic and hydrological cycles. They also, as it turns out, seriously contribute to climate change when they are cut down. ...
... of the world’s biodiversity. They drive many of the earth’s local and global climatic and hydrological cycles. They also, as it turns out, seriously contribute to climate change when they are cut down. ...
Fourth Carbon Budget Review – part 2
... again obtain Committee advice. The budget can then only be changed if there has been a significant change affecting the basis upon which it was set, with the relevant circumstances clearly specified in the Climate Change Act. Last month we provided the first part of that advice, in which we consider ...
... again obtain Committee advice. The budget can then only be changed if there has been a significant change affecting the basis upon which it was set, with the relevant circumstances clearly specified in the Climate Change Act. Last month we provided the first part of that advice, in which we consider ...
Australian attitudes on climate change
... trend around increased appetite for ambition and action on climate change. Climate of the Nation 2013 finds key concerns around increased pollution, food security, the destruction of natural heritage icons such as the Great Barrier Reef, more extreme weather events, and water shortages, among others ...
... trend around increased appetite for ambition and action on climate change. Climate of the Nation 2013 finds key concerns around increased pollution, food security, the destruction of natural heritage icons such as the Great Barrier Reef, more extreme weather events, and water shortages, among others ...
Title style in Arial Bold Sentence case 30pt
... Ensure that the quantification of GHG emissions is systematically neither over nor under actual emissions, as far as can be judged, and that uncertainties are reduced as far as practicable. Achieve sufficient accuracy to enable users to make decisions with reasonable assurance as to the integrity of ...
... Ensure that the quantification of GHG emissions is systematically neither over nor under actual emissions, as far as can be judged, and that uncertainties are reduced as far as practicable. Achieve sufficient accuracy to enable users to make decisions with reasonable assurance as to the integrity of ...
Carbon dioxide and climate impulse response functions for the
... climate models, covering the full model hierarchy, and including two large ensembles of simulations by two of the models constrained with observations as well as an ensemble of runs of a box model substituting for a suite of more complex models. This allows us to address model-related uncertainties ...
... climate models, covering the full model hierarchy, and including two large ensembles of simulations by two of the models constrained with observations as well as an ensemble of runs of a box model substituting for a suite of more complex models. This allows us to address model-related uncertainties ...
2015-02-05-Zero-Carbon-Zero-Poverty-the-Climate-Justice-Way
... • Formalise the protection and integration of human rights into climate action by establishing a Subsidiary Body, process or work programme under the UNFCCC mandated to inform and assess COP decisions with respect to human rights considerations, in cooperation with the UN Human Rights Council. FAI ...
... • Formalise the protection and integration of human rights into climate action by establishing a Subsidiary Body, process or work programme under the UNFCCC mandated to inform and assess COP decisions with respect to human rights considerations, in cooperation with the UN Human Rights Council. FAI ...
Chapter 3 – The cost-effective path to 2050
... to 1990. That follows the Committee’s recommendation that emissions for 2050 should be reduced by at least 80% on 1990 levels, covering all sectors including the UK share of international aviation and international shipping (IAS)5. This implies a level of per capita emissions in 2050, which if repli ...
... to 1990. That follows the Committee’s recommendation that emissions for 2050 should be reduced by at least 80% on 1990 levels, covering all sectors including the UK share of international aviation and international shipping (IAS)5. This implies a level of per capita emissions in 2050, which if repli ...
Climate-friendly gardening
Climate-friendly gardening is gardening in ways which reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from gardens and encourage the absorption of carbon dioxide by soils and plants in order to aid the reduction of global warming.To be a climate-friendly gardener means considering both what happens in a garden and the materials brought into it and the impact they have on land use and climate.It can also include garden features or activities in the garden that help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions elsewhere.