Special Report on Divestment at the University of
... In recent years, these complex questions have been amplified to an unprecedented scale by the global movement to divest from fossil fuels. Briefly, this movement entails governments, institutions such as universities and colleges, retirement funds, and religious organizations electing to divest from ...
... In recent years, these complex questions have been amplified to an unprecedented scale by the global movement to divest from fossil fuels. Briefly, this movement entails governments, institutions such as universities and colleges, retirement funds, and religious organizations electing to divest from ...
Securing a clean energy future THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT’S CLIMATE CHANGE PLAN
... revenue will be spent on households. Household transport fuel consumption will not be subject to a carbon price. Substantial industry assistance will be provided to support jobs and competitiveness as we move to a clean energy future for emissions-intensive, trade-exposed industries, manufacturing, ...
... revenue will be spent on households. Household transport fuel consumption will not be subject to a carbon price. Substantial industry assistance will be provided to support jobs and competitiveness as we move to a clean energy future for emissions-intensive, trade-exposed industries, manufacturing, ...
Black Carbon A Review and Policy Recommendations Authors
... mitigation of its emissions is likely required to avoid exceeding the commonly discussed 3.6ºF (2ºC) end of century target. BC also has substantial adverse impacts on public health and large resulting economic costs. In the United States, BC emissions are produced primarily by diesel engines. While ...
... mitigation of its emissions is likely required to avoid exceeding the commonly discussed 3.6ºF (2ºC) end of century target. BC also has substantial adverse impacts on public health and large resulting economic costs. In the United States, BC emissions are produced primarily by diesel engines. While ...
Net regional methane sink in High Arctic soils of northeast Greenland
... greenhouse gas1–5 . Numerical simulations project a net increase in methane consumption in soils in high northern latitudes as a consequence of warming in the past few decades3,6 . Advances have been made in quantifying hotspots of methane emissions in Arctic wetlands7–13 , but the drivers, magnitud ...
... greenhouse gas1–5 . Numerical simulations project a net increase in methane consumption in soils in high northern latitudes as a consequence of warming in the past few decades3,6 . Advances have been made in quantifying hotspots of methane emissions in Arctic wetlands7–13 , but the drivers, magnitud ...
carbOn in the bank: OntariO`s Greenbelt and its rOle in MitiGatinG
... the Greenbelt has the potential to act as a long-term safeguard for the valuable stock of natural capital within the Greenbelt, whose ecosystems offer a broad set of benefits including the provision of clean drinking water, improved air quality, and vital natural habitat. In a time of growing urgenc ...
... the Greenbelt has the potential to act as a long-term safeguard for the valuable stock of natural capital within the Greenbelt, whose ecosystems offer a broad set of benefits including the provision of clean drinking water, improved air quality, and vital natural habitat. In a time of growing urgenc ...
Revenue Recycling - Ecofiscal Commission
... An unfortunate reality in Canada in 2016 is that the opponents of carbon pricing—most importantly, the federal government from 2006 to 2015—have inaccurately framed it as a “job-killing tax,” whose implementation will “hurt the economy.” This framing feeds on the insecurities and financial anxieties ...
... An unfortunate reality in Canada in 2016 is that the opponents of carbon pricing—most importantly, the federal government from 2006 to 2015—have inaccurately framed it as a “job-killing tax,” whose implementation will “hurt the economy.” This framing feeds on the insecurities and financial anxieties ...
Southeast Florida Regional Climate Compact
... Climate Action Plan as established by the Regional Compact, primary attention was given to CO2, methane and nitrous oxide. Greenhouse gas emissions are commonly aggregated and reported in terms of equivalent carbon dioxide units, or CO2e. This standard is based on the Global Warming Potential (GWP) ...
... Climate Action Plan as established by the Regional Compact, primary attention was given to CO2, methane and nitrous oxide. Greenhouse gas emissions are commonly aggregated and reported in terms of equivalent carbon dioxide units, or CO2e. This standard is based on the Global Warming Potential (GWP) ...
A Question of Balance - Yale Economics
... signals—such as greater high-latitude warming—that are distinguishing indicators of this particular type of warming. Recent evidence and model predictions suggest that global mean surface temperature will rise sharply in the next century and beyond. Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report ...
... signals—such as greater high-latitude warming—that are distinguishing indicators of this particular type of warming. Recent evidence and model predictions suggest that global mean surface temperature will rise sharply in the next century and beyond. Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report ...
Introduction to Controlled Environment Agriculture and Hydroponics
... optimum plant growth, including Hoagland (U.C. Berkley, 1919), Hoagland and Arnon (U.C. Berkley, 1938 – “The water-culture method for growing plants without soil”) and Robbins (Rutgers U. 1946). D.R. Hoagland became so well known for his work in plant nutrient formulas that today it is common to ref ...
... optimum plant growth, including Hoagland (U.C. Berkley, 1919), Hoagland and Arnon (U.C. Berkley, 1938 – “The water-culture method for growing plants without soil”) and Robbins (Rutgers U. 1946). D.R. Hoagland became so well known for his work in plant nutrient formulas that today it is common to ref ...
MODELING THE EMISSIONS OF NITROUS OXIDE ) FROM THE (N
... interhemispheric gradient [Prinn et al., 1990]. Sensitivity experiments suggest that soil organic carbon content, precipitation and surface temperature are the dominant factors in controlling global N2 0 emissions. The global CH 4 emission model predicts an annual flux of 127 Tg CH 4 /year for prese ...
... interhemispheric gradient [Prinn et al., 1990]. Sensitivity experiments suggest that soil organic carbon content, precipitation and surface temperature are the dominant factors in controlling global N2 0 emissions. The global CH 4 emission model predicts an annual flux of 127 Tg CH 4 /year for prese ...
Soil moisture regulates the biological response of
... should be considered in future regional climate studies. In this study, we further extend these analyses by testing the hypothesis that the simulated biological effects of the CO2 changes are significant for different vegetation types used in land surface models and that the impact of CO2 changes is ...
... should be considered in future regional climate studies. In this study, we further extend these analyses by testing the hypothesis that the simulated biological effects of the CO2 changes are significant for different vegetation types used in land surface models and that the impact of CO2 changes is ...
Impacts of Climate Related Geo-engineering on Biological Diversity
... 2. Changes in stratospheric aerosols: injecting sulphates or other types of particles into the upper atmosphere, with the aim of increasing the scattering of sunlight back to space; 3. Increases in cloud reflectivity: increasing the concentration of cloud-condensation nuclei in the lower atmosphere, ...
... 2. Changes in stratospheric aerosols: injecting sulphates or other types of particles into the upper atmosphere, with the aim of increasing the scattering of sunlight back to space; 3. Increases in cloud reflectivity: increasing the concentration of cloud-condensation nuclei in the lower atmosphere, ...
Warming the world : economic models of global
... next century. This prospect has been sufficiently alarming that governments have undertaken, under the Kyoto Protocol of December 1997, to reduce their GHG emissions over the coming years. The Kyoto Protocol raises a number of fundamental issues: Are the emissions limitations proposed there sufficie ...
... next century. This prospect has been sufficiently alarming that governments have undertaken, under the Kyoto Protocol of December 1997, to reduce their GHG emissions over the coming years. The Kyoto Protocol raises a number of fundamental issues: Are the emissions limitations proposed there sufficie ...
Land Cover Land Use Change and Soil Organic Carbon Under
... clouds, cloud shadows, settlement areas, or no Landsat data). ......................................... 77 Figure 6 Histograms of the year 2000 SOC coefficient of variation (Figure 5) for each land cover land use class defined by the hard classification (Figure 1)............................ 78 Figu ...
... clouds, cloud shadows, settlement areas, or no Landsat data). ......................................... 77 Figure 6 Histograms of the year 2000 SOC coefficient of variation (Figure 5) for each land cover land use class defined by the hard classification (Figure 1)............................ 78 Figu ...
How will organic carbon stocks in mineral soils
... by one climate change scenario to study the effect of climate change on terrestrial C. SOC stocks, simulated under dynamic potential natural vegetation cover, showed a consistent positive trend across six dynamic global vegetation models (DGVM) with a mean increase of ca. 110 Pg C in the 21st centur ...
... by one climate change scenario to study the effect of climate change on terrestrial C. SOC stocks, simulated under dynamic potential natural vegetation cover, showed a consistent positive trend across six dynamic global vegetation models (DGVM) with a mean increase of ca. 110 Pg C in the 21st centur ...
Clearing the Air on Oilsands Emissions
... comparing the lowest greenhouse gas emitting oilsands project to the highest greenhouse gas emitting conventional crude is very different from comparing “average oilsands” to “average conventional” — terms for which the meanings also change over time. To be consistent, many studies refer comparisons ...
... comparing the lowest greenhouse gas emitting oilsands project to the highest greenhouse gas emitting conventional crude is very different from comparing “average oilsands” to “average conventional” — terms for which the meanings also change over time. To be consistent, many studies refer comparisons ...
The ocean carbon sink – impacts, vulnerabilities and challenges
... Revised: 30 April 2015 – Accepted: 14 May 2015 – Published: 9 June 2015 ...
... Revised: 30 April 2015 – Accepted: 14 May 2015 – Published: 9 June 2015 ...
Contribution of soil moisture feedback to hydroclimatic variability
... been that soil moisture variability is an important determinant of variability in precipitation and other meteorological variables, but that the degree and geographical distribution of this influence depends on the model used (e.g. Dirmeyer et al., 2006). This dependence is not surprising, because t ...
... been that soil moisture variability is an important determinant of variability in precipitation and other meteorological variables, but that the degree and geographical distribution of this influence depends on the model used (e.g. Dirmeyer et al., 2006). This dependence is not surprising, because t ...
- CSIRO Publishing
... influenced by the movement of air masses. Climate, on the other hand, should more accurately be the term applied to the average weather conditions over longer periods of years to decades. One may often hear mention of ‘climate variability’ and ‘climate change’ together. They are different facets of ...
... influenced by the movement of air masses. Climate, on the other hand, should more accurately be the term applied to the average weather conditions over longer periods of years to decades. One may often hear mention of ‘climate variability’ and ‘climate change’ together. They are different facets of ...
The greenhouse effect and climate change : a
... patterns have changed in many areas. In New Zealand and Australia, sea level has risen on average about 20 mm per decade over the last 50-100 years and rainfall trends have followed the cyclical El Niño events. (Tables 6.1, 6.4) ...
... patterns have changed in many areas. In New Zealand and Australia, sea level has risen on average about 20 mm per decade over the last 50-100 years and rainfall trends have followed the cyclical El Niño events. (Tables 6.1, 6.4) ...
The Land Use Model Intercomparison Project (LUMIP) contribution
... remains one of the most uncertain terms in the global carbon budget (Houghton et al., 2012). As on the biogeophysical side, models show a wide range of estimates for historic and future emissions due to LULCC (Arora and Boer, 2010; Boysen et al., 2014; Brovkin et al., 2013). When emissions of all GH ...
... remains one of the most uncertain terms in the global carbon budget (Houghton et al., 2012). As on the biogeophysical side, models show a wide range of estimates for historic and future emissions due to LULCC (Arora and Boer, 2010; Boysen et al., 2014; Brovkin et al., 2013). When emissions of all GH ...
PDF
... contributed to the regreening of the region (Olsson, Eklundh, and Ardö 2005), and the potential for increasing precipitation in eastern Africa. The increasing vegetation is due to the increasing rainfall, which is a result of the monsoon winds in West Africa (Olsson, Eklundh, and Ardö 2005; UNFPA 20 ...
... contributed to the regreening of the region (Olsson, Eklundh, and Ardö 2005), and the potential for increasing precipitation in eastern Africa. The increasing vegetation is due to the increasing rainfall, which is a result of the monsoon winds in West Africa (Olsson, Eklundh, and Ardö 2005; UNFPA 20 ...
Contrasting diel hysteresis between soil autotrophic and
... although two possible hypotheses have emerged. The first one focuses on the biological mechanism associated with photosynthate transport such that recent photosynthates are periodically transported to the roots zone, where they can alter the magnitude and timing of soil CO2 efflux, leading to the ph ...
... although two possible hypotheses have emerged. The first one focuses on the biological mechanism associated with photosynthate transport such that recent photosynthates are periodically transported to the roots zone, where they can alter the magnitude and timing of soil CO2 efflux, leading to the ph ...
UK Climate action following the Paris Agreement
... long-lived greenhouse gases (e.g. nitrous oxide and some F-gases). Temperature limits will therefore only be met if emissions of these gases reach net zero. Other, shorter-lived gases (e.g. methane) drive temperature by their rate of emission. The lower the emission rates, the greater the available ...
... long-lived greenhouse gases (e.g. nitrous oxide and some F-gases). Temperature limits will therefore only be met if emissions of these gases reach net zero. Other, shorter-lived gases (e.g. methane) drive temperature by their rate of emission. The lower the emission rates, the greater the available ...
Australia`s carbon budget based on global effort sharing
... The spent budget is equal to the accumulated emissions between 1990 and 2005, as given by official Australian historic data. Scenario 2 (“It’s not too late…”) assumes that emissions follow BAU until 2013 and then start reducing emissions. The spent budget is equal to the accumulated emissions betwe ...
... The spent budget is equal to the accumulated emissions between 1990 and 2005, as given by official Australian historic data. Scenario 2 (“It’s not too late…”) assumes that emissions follow BAU until 2013 and then start reducing emissions. The spent budget is equal to the accumulated emissions betwe ...
Climate-friendly gardening
Climate-friendly gardening is gardening in ways which reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from gardens and encourage the absorption of carbon dioxide by soils and plants in order to aid the reduction of global warming.To be a climate-friendly gardener means considering both what happens in a garden and the materials brought into it and the impact they have on land use and climate.It can also include garden features or activities in the garden that help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions elsewhere.