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... measurement of emission space allocation equality. Therefore, many studies used income equality measurement method, measured emission equality with different income equality index. Hedenus and Azar[8]measure emission inequality across countries by the well-known Atkinson index. Duro and Padilla[9] ...
... measurement of emission space allocation equality. Therefore, many studies used income equality measurement method, measured emission equality with different income equality index. Hedenus and Azar[8]measure emission inequality across countries by the well-known Atkinson index. Duro and Padilla[9] ...
Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change
... necessitates identification of strategies for mitigating the threat of the attendant global warming. Since the industrial revolution, global emissions of carbon (C) are estimated at 270 F 30 Pg (Pg = petagram = 1015 g = 1 billion ton) due to fossil fuel combustion and 136 F 55 Pg due to land use cha ...
... necessitates identification of strategies for mitigating the threat of the attendant global warming. Since the industrial revolution, global emissions of carbon (C) are estimated at 270 F 30 Pg (Pg = petagram = 1015 g = 1 billion ton) due to fossil fuel combustion and 136 F 55 Pg due to land use cha ...
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... the competing counties without similar commitments. This will make their products most costly than products from the latter countries. So in the short term, this will cut their exports and lead to more products imported from countries without similar commitments. As a study for Noway suggests, this ...
... the competing counties without similar commitments. This will make their products most costly than products from the latter countries. So in the short term, this will cut their exports and lead to more products imported from countries without similar commitments. As a study for Noway suggests, this ...
global climate change fort worth
... Burning of fossil fuels: We remove carbon-rich fuels from the ground where they have been stored for millions of years, and combust them in an instant, sending CO2 into the atmosphere. Deforestation: Cutting down trees, removing vegetation from the land, decreases the sink for carbon. • Some of the ...
... Burning of fossil fuels: We remove carbon-rich fuels from the ground where they have been stored for millions of years, and combust them in an instant, sending CO2 into the atmosphere. Deforestation: Cutting down trees, removing vegetation from the land, decreases the sink for carbon. • Some of the ...
Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Cap-and-Trade Bills in the 110 Congress
... carbon-intensive industries; states; and sequestration activities. Initially, 24% of all allowances are auctioned, a percentage that increases over time. The TAP is set at $12 a metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent; it increases 5% annually above the rate of inflation. The bill also requires coun ...
... carbon-intensive industries; states; and sequestration activities. Initially, 24% of all allowances are auctioned, a percentage that increases over time. The TAP is set at $12 a metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent; it increases 5% annually above the rate of inflation. The bill also requires coun ...
Targets for global climate policy An overview
... The total welfare impact of climate change is but one input. Other parameters are the rate of pure time preference, the growth rate of per capita consumption, and the elasticity of marginal utility of consumption. Estimates also differ with regard to projections of CO2 emissions, the carbon cycle, t ...
... The total welfare impact of climate change is but one input. Other parameters are the rate of pure time preference, the growth rate of per capita consumption, and the elasticity of marginal utility of consumption. Estimates also differ with regard to projections of CO2 emissions, the carbon cycle, t ...
Sample Chapter - Brookings Institution
... had found a better method to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. He promised to build on that experience if elected president. Whitman’s involvement included active support through a series of administrative orders and endorsement of legislation involving an acrossthe-board commitment by the state of N ...
... had found a better method to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. He promised to build on that experience if elected president. Whitman’s involvement included active support through a series of administrative orders and endorsement of legislation involving an acrossthe-board commitment by the state of N ...
ABANDONING FOSSIL FUEL: HOW FAST AND HOW MUCH
... model as is also done in Rezai et al. (2012) and Golosov et al. (2013). However, we analyze not only the optimal carbon tax but also the optimal transition times for introducing the renewable alongside fossil fuel and abandoning fossil fuel altogether as well as the amount of untapped fossil fuel. W ...
... model as is also done in Rezai et al. (2012) and Golosov et al. (2013). However, we analyze not only the optimal carbon tax but also the optimal transition times for introducing the renewable alongside fossil fuel and abandoning fossil fuel altogether as well as the amount of untapped fossil fuel. W ...
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... Even though some of the results of the two last United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen (2009) and in Cancun (2010) can be ascribed to the vagaries of the diplomatic process and the divergences in views about how to untie the climate and development Gordian Knot (Hourcade et al, 2009b ...
... Even though some of the results of the two last United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen (2009) and in Cancun (2010) can be ascribed to the vagaries of the diplomatic process and the divergences in views about how to untie the climate and development Gordian Knot (Hourcade et al, 2009b ...
Url (EN)
... prompt reforestation of harvested or degraded areas. It can regulate the manufacture and use of forest products, aiming at reducing waste and decay. Or it could regulate greenhouse gas producers in ways that encourage them to invest in greenhouse gas sinks. Nations could also promote the use of fore ...
... prompt reforestation of harvested or degraded areas. It can regulate the manufacture and use of forest products, aiming at reducing waste and decay. Or it could regulate greenhouse gas producers in ways that encourage them to invest in greenhouse gas sinks. Nations could also promote the use of fore ...
The Value of Carbon in Decision-Making
... • The MAC reflects the cost of one unit of emission reduction to meet a specific emissions target. It allows policy-makers to make three critical policy decisions: what the emission reduction target should be, the best way to achieve it, and how much each approach will cost. Further, it facilitates ...
... • The MAC reflects the cost of one unit of emission reduction to meet a specific emissions target. It allows policy-makers to make three critical policy decisions: what the emission reduction target should be, the best way to achieve it, and how much each approach will cost. Further, it facilitates ...
Low Carbon Economy Index
... −− Between 2000 – 2008, global average annual improvement in energy efficiency were around 1.1%; however some countries have achieved improvements in excess of 2% per annum. −− The required level of improvement in energy efficiency will need to come from more efficient power generation, transport, i ...
... −− Between 2000 – 2008, global average annual improvement in energy efficiency were around 1.1%; however some countries have achieved improvements in excess of 2% per annum. −− The required level of improvement in energy efficiency will need to come from more efficient power generation, transport, i ...
Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on
... preventing sun energy from radiating back to space directly. The increase of human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution has enhanced the natural greenhouse effect, resulting in an increase in the average temperature of the earth's surface -- global warming. Some impa ...
... preventing sun energy from radiating back to space directly. The increase of human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution has enhanced the natural greenhouse effect, resulting in an increase in the average temperature of the earth's surface -- global warming. Some impa ...
Working Paper 177 - Grodecka & Kuralbayeva (opens in new window)
... 5. Future generations and social justice 6. Growth and the economy 7. International environmental negotiations 8. Modelling and decision making 9. Private sector adaptation, risk and insurance More information about the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment can be found a ...
... 5. Future generations and social justice 6. Growth and the economy 7. International environmental negotiations 8. Modelling and decision making 9. Private sector adaptation, risk and insurance More information about the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment can be found a ...
Soil erosion and climate change: the transect approach and the
... of data at these different scales enable these differences to be observed. For example, Fig. 4 shows the relationship between soil temperature, soil moisture and aggregate stability Žerosion indicator. to be compared at the landscape scale. In this case, the effects of differences at other scales ar ...
... of data at these different scales enable these differences to be observed. For example, Fig. 4 shows the relationship between soil temperature, soil moisture and aggregate stability Žerosion indicator. to be compared at the landscape scale. In this case, the effects of differences at other scales ar ...
Under New Management - Forum for the Future
... This makes today’s debate about geoengineering all the more intriguing and spiky! There are still many campaigners who see the gathering interest of scientists, politicians and investors as a dangerous distraction, diverting attention and political will away from the hard graft of reducing green ...
... This makes today’s debate about geoengineering all the more intriguing and spiky! There are still many campaigners who see the gathering interest of scientists, politicians and investors as a dangerous distraction, diverting attention and political will away from the hard graft of reducing green ...
Climate controls on soil respired CO2 in the United States
... liquid, which is influenced by the concentration of CO2 in the soil atmosphere as well as the temperature of the soil water. Increasing the concentration of CO2 in the soil atmosphere will increase [CO2aq], while increasing soil temperatures will decrease [CO2aq] because gases have ...
... liquid, which is influenced by the concentration of CO2 in the soil atmosphere as well as the temperature of the soil water. Increasing the concentration of CO2 in the soil atmosphere will increase [CO2aq], while increasing soil temperatures will decrease [CO2aq] because gases have ...
DOA - Department of Agriculture
... Rivers in Britain are narrow, but Thames. The types of farms are different in different soil and climatic areas. In the eastern part of Britain most farms are arable. The farmers grow different crops here. In the western part of the country most farms are dairy. Small farms are usually mixed farms o ...
... Rivers in Britain are narrow, but Thames. The types of farms are different in different soil and climatic areas. In the eastern part of Britain most farms are arable. The farmers grow different crops here. In the western part of the country most farms are dairy. Small farms are usually mixed farms o ...
The Economics of Climate Change – Likely Carbon Sequestration
... “Arctic atmospheric CO2 level tipping point” (although it will take years for the “Arctic temperature tipping point” to be reached after the “Arctic atmospheric CO2 level tipping point” is reached) (5) It is possible that the “Arctic atmospheric CO2 level tipping point” is at or below 400PPM (where ...
... “Arctic atmospheric CO2 level tipping point” (although it will take years for the “Arctic temperature tipping point” to be reached after the “Arctic atmospheric CO2 level tipping point” is reached) (5) It is possible that the “Arctic atmospheric CO2 level tipping point” is at or below 400PPM (where ...
Disturbance and the carbon balance of US forests: A quantitative
... 2. General forest carbon dynamics following disturbance Disturbance events have the potential to alter all aspects of the forest carbon cycle but a number of key perturbations are highlighted here, similar to those presented in Hicke et al. (2012) and elsewhere. Gross primary productivity (GPP) and ...
... 2. General forest carbon dynamics following disturbance Disturbance events have the potential to alter all aspects of the forest carbon cycle but a number of key perturbations are highlighted here, similar to those presented in Hicke et al. (2012) and elsewhere. Gross primary productivity (GPP) and ...
Climate Disruption
... Scientific evidence strongly indicates that the earth’s atmosphere has been warming at a rapid rate since 1975 and that human activities. In order of importance. ...
... Scientific evidence strongly indicates that the earth’s atmosphere has been warming at a rapid rate since 1975 and that human activities. In order of importance. ...
Methane as a Greenhouse Gas: Why the EPA Should Regulate Emissions
... today clearly contributes more than its share of greenhouse gas emissions. Perhaps more striking is that these emissions rose by 11.7 percent since 1990 and show no signs of slowing.41 A question that often arises is why are methane emissions from this industry growing disproportionately fast? Are w ...
... today clearly contributes more than its share of greenhouse gas emissions. Perhaps more striking is that these emissions rose by 11.7 percent since 1990 and show no signs of slowing.41 A question that often arises is why are methane emissions from this industry growing disproportionately fast? Are w ...
EnErgy EfficiEncy and grEEnhousE gas Emissions
... and Palm, 2007). Therefore, increasing fertilizer inputs (+37%) are regarded as an important component in improved productivity in future crop production. Erisman et al. (2008) estimate that today 48% of the total global population is nourished due to the use of mineral N fertilizers. Considering th ...
... and Palm, 2007). Therefore, increasing fertilizer inputs (+37%) are regarded as an important component in improved productivity in future crop production. Erisman et al. (2008) estimate that today 48% of the total global population is nourished due to the use of mineral N fertilizers. Considering th ...
What is carbon? Conceptualising carbon and capabilities in
... However, research has also pointed to the questionable sustainable development benefits of carbon sequestration projects, as well as limited benefits to local communities. While carbon and carbon reductions have become a new arena for capital investment and speculation, some critics question its value ...
... However, research has also pointed to the questionable sustainable development benefits of carbon sequestration projects, as well as limited benefits to local communities. While carbon and carbon reductions have become a new arena for capital investment and speculation, some critics question its value ...
Climate-friendly gardening
Climate-friendly gardening is gardening in ways which reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from gardens and encourage the absorption of carbon dioxide by soils and plants in order to aid the reduction of global warming.To be a climate-friendly gardener means considering both what happens in a garden and the materials brought into it and the impact they have on land use and climate.It can also include garden features or activities in the garden that help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions elsewhere.