Hawaii`s Changing Climate - School of Ocean and Earth Science
... over the past century, and accelerated since the 1970’s. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration23 global surface temperatures have increased about 1.44°F since the late-19th century, and the linear trend for the past 50 years of 0.36°F per decade is nearly twice that for the ...
... over the past century, and accelerated since the 1970’s. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration23 global surface temperatures have increased about 1.44°F since the late-19th century, and the linear trend for the past 50 years of 0.36°F per decade is nearly twice that for the ...
Dangerous human-made interference with climate
... tropical storm intensification, and ice sheet stability. We suggest that Arctic climate change has been driven as much by pollutants (O3 , its precursor CH4 , and soot) as by CO2 , offering hope that dual efforts to reduce pollutants and slow CO2 growth could minimize Arctic change. Simulated recent ...
... tropical storm intensification, and ice sheet stability. We suggest that Arctic climate change has been driven as much by pollutants (O3 , its precursor CH4 , and soot) as by CO2 , offering hope that dual efforts to reduce pollutants and slow CO2 growth could minimize Arctic change. Simulated recent ...
The Effects of Ocean Freshening on Marine and
... 2008). Due to lower surface salinity, there is less density-driven mixing of the water column. Because of this lower mixing, suspended nutrients decrease, which could alter the timing of phytoplankton blooms. If phytoplankton bloom timing were to change, it could disrupt the synchronization of syste ...
... 2008). Due to lower surface salinity, there is less density-driven mixing of the water column. Because of this lower mixing, suspended nutrients decrease, which could alter the timing of phytoplankton blooms. If phytoplankton bloom timing were to change, it could disrupt the synchronization of syste ...
Global Warming
... Change is happening already. Scientists agree that the most likely cause of the changes are man-made emissions of the so-called "Greenhouse Gases" that can trap heat in the earth's atmosphere in the same way that glass traps heat in a greenhouse. Although there are six major groups of gases that ...
... Change is happening already. Scientists agree that the most likely cause of the changes are man-made emissions of the so-called "Greenhouse Gases" that can trap heat in the earth's atmosphere in the same way that glass traps heat in a greenhouse. Although there are six major groups of gases that ...
Climate change in the Norwegian Arctic – Consequences for life in
... Arctic is important for the global climate, and in recent years, large changes have been charted in the region. The northern regions are in focus and it is important that the best and most updated information concerning ongoing and future climate change in the Arctic is available to decision makers. ...
... Arctic is important for the global climate, and in recent years, large changes have been charted in the region. The northern regions are in focus and it is important that the best and most updated information concerning ongoing and future climate change in the Arctic is available to decision makers. ...
Impact of Climate Change on Bowhead Whale Hunt
... to perilously low levels are members of the commission and set quotas for indigenous peoples of North America. The Alaskan Eskimo Whaling Commission, which consists of whaling captains and crewmembers from indigenous whaling communities, determines how many whales each community may take. The villa ...
... to perilously low levels are members of the commission and set quotas for indigenous peoples of North America. The Alaskan Eskimo Whaling Commission, which consists of whaling captains and crewmembers from indigenous whaling communities, determines how many whales each community may take. The villa ...
Climate Change and the Cryosphere
... global warming. Global ice melting accelerated during the 1990s, which was also the warmest decade on record. Ice is melting at sea, on land, and in the ground, with shrinking mountain glaciers and thawing permafrost. Ice melting is not limited to the polar areas, where it is melting at a dramatic p ...
... global warming. Global ice melting accelerated during the 1990s, which was also the warmest decade on record. Ice is melting at sea, on land, and in the ground, with shrinking mountain glaciers and thawing permafrost. Ice melting is not limited to the polar areas, where it is melting at a dramatic p ...
Contrasting effects of warming and increased snowfall on Arctic
... Recent changes in climate have led to significant shifts in phenology, with many studies demonstrating advanced phenology in response to warming temperatures. The rate of temperature change is especially high in the Arctic, but this is also where we have relatively little data on phenological change ...
... Recent changes in climate have led to significant shifts in phenology, with many studies demonstrating advanced phenology in response to warming temperatures. The rate of temperature change is especially high in the Arctic, but this is also where we have relatively little data on phenological change ...
Have the Tropical Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions
... a strong influence on global climate changes on millennial and orbital time scales (Cane, 1998; Clement et al., 1999). This hypothesis needs to be tested by understanding whether the tropical interactions are a driver or a passive player in global climate changes. Here we review recent paleoceanogra ...
... a strong influence on global climate changes on millennial and orbital time scales (Cane, 1998; Clement et al., 1999). This hypothesis needs to be tested by understanding whether the tropical interactions are a driver or a passive player in global climate changes. Here we review recent paleoceanogra ...
Melting snow and ice: a call for action
... cally impossible, from the Himalayas to the Arctic and even in Antarctica, is occurring now. Arctic sea ice has been shown to be more endangered, Greenland runoff has risen to unprecedented rates, and glaciers continue to shrink and disappear. Such changes already have begun to seriously impact wate ...
... cally impossible, from the Himalayas to the Arctic and even in Antarctica, is occurring now. Arctic sea ice has been shown to be more endangered, Greenland runoff has risen to unprecedented rates, and glaciers continue to shrink and disappear. Such changes already have begun to seriously impact wate ...
Chapter 4 The Ocean`s Role in the Hydrological Cycle
... The spatial distributions of these freshwater fluxes drive important patterns in regional and global ocean circulation, which are discussed in Chapter 5. The Southern Ocean (defined as all ocean area south of 60°S) deserves special mention due to its role in the storage of heat (and carbon) for the ...
... The spatial distributions of these freshwater fluxes drive important patterns in regional and global ocean circulation, which are discussed in Chapter 5. The Southern Ocean (defined as all ocean area south of 60°S) deserves special mention due to its role in the storage of heat (and carbon) for the ...
Climate-biosphere interactions on glacial
... climate change. Typical estimates for climate sensitivity to increased CO2 would attribute about 2C of the 6 C glacial-interglacial temperature change to different greenhouse gas concentrations [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC ), 2001]. The remainder of the warming was due to a de ...
... climate change. Typical estimates for climate sensitivity to increased CO2 would attribute about 2C of the 6 C glacial-interglacial temperature change to different greenhouse gas concentrations [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC ), 2001]. The remainder of the warming was due to a de ...
New Observations Show - The Science and Public Policy Institute
... done for no other reason than to imply that these weather extremes were caused by global warming, which flies in the face of their earlier contention that record-breaking low temperatures in any year say nothing about the long-term thermal tendency of the planet. Last of all, the Report states that ...
... done for no other reason than to imply that these weather extremes were caused by global warming, which flies in the face of their earlier contention that record-breaking low temperatures in any year say nothing about the long-term thermal tendency of the planet. Last of all, the Report states that ...
From the report accepted by Working Group I
... by changes in the composition of the atmosphere are much more predictable than individual weather events. As an example, while we cannot predict the outcome of a single coin toss or roll of the dice, we can predict the statistical behaviour of a large number of such trials. While many factors contin ...
... by changes in the composition of the atmosphere are much more predictable than individual weather events. As an example, while we cannot predict the outcome of a single coin toss or roll of the dice, we can predict the statistical behaviour of a large number of such trials. While many factors contin ...
Global Warming - Atmospheric Aerosol Group
... GLOBAL WARMING ALARM! HUMANS CREATED IT, THE EFFECTS ARE DIRE AND ...
... GLOBAL WARMING ALARM! HUMANS CREATED IT, THE EFFECTS ARE DIRE AND ...
Expanding the Concept of Human - Caused Climate
... Policy Statement on Climate Variability and Change by the American Association of State Climatologists 1. Past climate is a useful guide to the future - Assessing past climate conditions provides a very effective analysis tool to assess societal and environmental vulnerability to future climate, re ...
... Policy Statement on Climate Variability and Change by the American Association of State Climatologists 1. Past climate is a useful guide to the future - Assessing past climate conditions provides a very effective analysis tool to assess societal and environmental vulnerability to future climate, re ...
CIRCUMPOLAR BIODIVERSITY MONITORING PROGRAM
... The program for the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) of the Arctic Council was established to address the special needs of Arctic ecosystems, species and their habitats in the rapidly developing Arctic region. It was initiated as one of four programs of the Arctic Environmental Protecti ...
... The program for the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) of the Arctic Council was established to address the special needs of Arctic ecosystems, species and their habitats in the rapidly developing Arctic region. It was initiated as one of four programs of the Arctic Environmental Protecti ...
Long-Term Climate Trends and Extreme Events in Northern
... and autumn temperatures and to a lesser extent summer temperatures increased significantly in the study region, the observed changes being the greatest for daily minimum temperatures. The number of frost days declined both in spring and autumn. Rarely cold winter, spring, summer and autumn seasons h ...
... and autumn temperatures and to a lesser extent summer temperatures increased significantly in the study region, the observed changes being the greatest for daily minimum temperatures. The number of frost days declined both in spring and autumn. Rarely cold winter, spring, summer and autumn seasons h ...
global warming and global, climate changes
... years before atmospheric CO2 rose, showing that climatic warming causes CO2 to rise, not vice versa. No doubt exists that the present high levels of atmospheric CO2 are the result of human input, but the contribution that it makes to global warming remains to be proven. Assertions by the ICPP and ot ...
... years before atmospheric CO2 rose, showing that climatic warming causes CO2 to rise, not vice versa. No doubt exists that the present high levels of atmospheric CO2 are the result of human input, but the contribution that it makes to global warming remains to be proven. Assertions by the ICPP and ot ...
Polar Regions - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental
... • Raise the scientific capital of society by improving access to scientific education and information • Develop training and educational skills to help us adapt to the needs of the new energy economy • Promote investment in research • Develop networks for cooperation with like minded organisations • ...
... • Raise the scientific capital of society by improving access to scientific education and information • Develop training and educational skills to help us adapt to the needs of the new energy economy • Promote investment in research • Develop networks for cooperation with like minded organisations • ...
Antarctic climate change and the environment: an update
... the atmosphere have ranged from ∼3000 ppm (parts per million) in the early Cretaceous 130 million years ago (Ma) to ∼1000 ppm in the late Cretaceous (at 70 Ma) and early Cainozoic (at 45 Ma), leading to global temperatures 6◦ or 7◦ C warmer than present. These high CO2 levels were products of Earth’ ...
... the atmosphere have ranged from ∼3000 ppm (parts per million) in the early Cretaceous 130 million years ago (Ma) to ∼1000 ppm in the late Cretaceous (at 70 Ma) and early Cainozoic (at 45 Ma), leading to global temperatures 6◦ or 7◦ C warmer than present. These high CO2 levels were products of Earth’ ...
Understanding the Science of Climate Change Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/NRR—2010/210
... are expected to closely track the projections for changes in regional air temperatures, and will be especially vulnerable to increasing warming (Twilley et al. 2001). ...
... are expected to closely track the projections for changes in regional air temperatures, and will be especially vulnerable to increasing warming (Twilley et al. 2001). ...
Conservation and sustainable management of peatlands in
... square kilometers of northern soils hold about 1,700 billion tones of organic carbon — the remains of plants and animals that have been accumulating in the soil over thousands of years. That is about four times more than all the carbon emitted by human activity in modern times and twice as much as i ...
... square kilometers of northern soils hold about 1,700 billion tones of organic carbon — the remains of plants and animals that have been accumulating in the soil over thousands of years. That is about four times more than all the carbon emitted by human activity in modern times and twice as much as i ...
lepidoptera larvae as an indicator of multi
... observations began prior to when phenotypes of larvae (hairy, spiky, or study sites were completely snow smooth-skinned) free. ...
... observations began prior to when phenotypes of larvae (hairy, spiky, or study sites were completely snow smooth-skinned) free. ...
A Tipping-Elements Expedition in the Footsteps of
... Figure 1 depicts a map of potential tipping elements that will be discussed. We do not present an exhaustive overview of currently investigated or suspected tipping elements. Instead, we limit our discussion to some tipping elements that are located along Humboldt’s expedition routes.1 Tipping eleme ...
... Figure 1 depicts a map of potential tipping elements that will be discussed. We do not present an exhaustive overview of currently investigated or suspected tipping elements. Instead, we limit our discussion to some tipping elements that are located along Humboldt’s expedition routes.1 Tipping eleme ...