Vitamins - College of Pharmacy Beed.
... Scurvy is an resulting from lack of vitamin C, since without this vitamin, the synthesised collagen is too unstable to perform its function. Scurvy leads to the formation of brown spots on the skin, spongy gums, and bleeding from all mucous membranes. The spots are most abundant on the thighs and le ...
... Scurvy is an resulting from lack of vitamin C, since without this vitamin, the synthesised collagen is too unstable to perform its function. Scurvy leads to the formation of brown spots on the skin, spongy gums, and bleeding from all mucous membranes. The spots are most abundant on the thighs and le ...
Vitamins
... Toxicity: hypervitaminosis A can occur at intakes exceeding about 10 times the RDA for a period of months. Vitamin A toxicity can only occur with the use of supplements and not with diet. Symptoms include changes in the skin (dryness), muscle and joint pain, liver enlargement and cirrhosis, and seve ...
... Toxicity: hypervitaminosis A can occur at intakes exceeding about 10 times the RDA for a period of months. Vitamin A toxicity can only occur with the use of supplements and not with diet. Symptoms include changes in the skin (dryness), muscle and joint pain, liver enlargement and cirrhosis, and seve ...
Vitamin D3 (natural) Health Benefits
... Epidemiological evidence that mental illness has increased as humans have migrated out of the sun followed by additional epidemiological evidence that associates vitamin D deficiency with mental illness. Vitamin D has a significant biochemistry in the brain. Nuclear receptors for vitamin D exist in ...
... Epidemiological evidence that mental illness has increased as humans have migrated out of the sun followed by additional epidemiological evidence that associates vitamin D deficiency with mental illness. Vitamin D has a significant biochemistry in the brain. Nuclear receptors for vitamin D exist in ...
Micronutrients For Healthy Hair: Biotin and Vitamin B12
... thought were particularly relevant to healthy hair. Biotin May Improve Hair Quality/Thickness Biotin, also known as Vitamin H is a micronutrient that is known to be essential for maintaining healthy hair and skin. (According to some sources the H actually stands for "haar und haut", German for "hair ...
... thought were particularly relevant to healthy hair. Biotin May Improve Hair Quality/Thickness Biotin, also known as Vitamin H is a micronutrient that is known to be essential for maintaining healthy hair and skin. (According to some sources the H actually stands for "haar und haut", German for "hair ...
Vitamins and Minerals
... The primary minerals low in the diets of athletes, especially female athletes, are calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium. Low intakes of these minerals are often due to energy restriction or avoidance of animal products. Calcium. Calcium is especially important for growth, maintenance and repair of bon ...
... The primary minerals low in the diets of athletes, especially female athletes, are calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium. Low intakes of these minerals are often due to energy restriction or avoidance of animal products. Calcium. Calcium is especially important for growth, maintenance and repair of bon ...
Community pharmacy Topic: 2 part(1) Vitamins supplements
... • established when evidence is insufficient to develop an RDA and is set at a level assumed to ensure nutritional adequacy. ...
... • established when evidence is insufficient to develop an RDA and is set at a level assumed to ensure nutritional adequacy. ...
Vitamin C, B1, B2 & B3
... Absorption: At low concentration by active transportation. At high concentration by passive diffusion. ...
... Absorption: At low concentration by active transportation. At high concentration by passive diffusion. ...
Water is essential for your body
... Some people don’t get enough minerals through their diet and may need help from mineral supplements. Different medications and health conditions may cause mineral deficiency. Some groups are more in need of mineral supplements than others. For example, if you are pregnant, vegetarian, under a lot of ...
... Some people don’t get enough minerals through their diet and may need help from mineral supplements. Different medications and health conditions may cause mineral deficiency. Some groups are more in need of mineral supplements than others. For example, if you are pregnant, vegetarian, under a lot of ...
BIOL 103 Review Materials Fall 2015 for Students
... • Vitamin A/Retinol 1. Food source: liver, egg yolks, milk ...
... • Vitamin A/Retinol 1. Food source: liver, egg yolks, milk ...
Radiation effects on vitamin A and β
... was found when raw shredded, steam cooking, water cooking with pressure, water cooking without pressure and moist/dry cooking were compared [12]. On the other hand, Getoff and colleagues established the transients and cooperative action of beta-carotene, vitamin E and C in biological systems in vitr ...
... was found when raw shredded, steam cooking, water cooking with pressure, water cooking without pressure and moist/dry cooking were compared [12]. On the other hand, Getoff and colleagues established the transients and cooperative action of beta-carotene, vitamin E and C in biological systems in vitr ...
Calcium and Vitamin D 2012 - Cincinnati Children`s Hospital
... Why Are Calcium and Vitamin D So Important? Osteoporosis and bone fractures are often seen in children with DMD. About 20% of males with DMD have had a fracture. Bone growth is nearly complete by the end of puberty, with only a small increase in bone strength occurring after the late teenage years. ...
... Why Are Calcium and Vitamin D So Important? Osteoporosis and bone fractures are often seen in children with DMD. About 20% of males with DMD have had a fracture. Bone growth is nearly complete by the end of puberty, with only a small increase in bone strength occurring after the late teenage years. ...
Does Food Fortification With Folate Pose a Risk of Vitamin B
... Vitamin B-12 is the largest known vitamin. It is a complex molecule, stored in the liver, kidneys, and tissues of the body. Vitamin B-12 is consumed through food sources such as meat, liver, fish, yogurt, and many dairy products and can also be taken through oral supplement and injections. Vitamin B ...
... Vitamin B-12 is the largest known vitamin. It is a complex molecule, stored in the liver, kidneys, and tissues of the body. Vitamin B-12 is consumed through food sources such as meat, liver, fish, yogurt, and many dairy products and can also be taken through oral supplement and injections. Vitamin B ...
Vitamin K
Vitamin K refers to a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins the human body needs for complete synthesis of certain proteins that are required for blood coagulation, and also certain proteins that the body uses to control binding of calcium in bone and other tissues. The vitamin K-related modification of the proteins allows them to bind calcium ions, which they cannot do otherwise. Without vitamin K, blood coagulation is seriously impaired, and uncontrolled bleeding occurs. Low levels of vitamin K also weaken bones and promote calcification of arteries and other soft tissues.Chemically, the vitamin K family comprises 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (3-) derivatives. Vitamin K includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Vitamin K2, in turn, consists of a number of related chemical subtypes, with differing lengths of carbon side chains made of isoprenoid groups of atoms.Vitamin K1, also known as phylloquinone, phytomenadione, or phytonadione, is synthesized by plants, and is found in highest amounts in green leafy vegetables because it is directly involved in photosynthesis. It may be thought of as the ""plant"" form of vitamin K. It is active as a vitamin in animals and performs the classic functions of vitamin K, including its activity in the production of blood-clotting proteins. Animals may also convert it to vitamin K2.Vitamin K2, the main storage form in animals, has several subtypes, which differ in isoprenoid chain length. These vitamin K2 homologues are called menaquinones, and are characterized by the number of isoprenoid residues in their side chains. Menaquinones are abbreviated MK-n, where M stands for menaquinone, the K stands for vitamin K, and the n represents the number of isoprenoid side chain residues. For example, menaquinone-4 (abbreviated MK-4) has four isoprene residues in its side chain. Menaquinone-4 (also known as menatetrenone from its four isoprene residues) is the most common type of vitamin K2 in animal products since MK-4 is normally synthesized from vitamin K1 in certain animal tissues (arterial walls, pancreas, and testes) by replacement of the phytyl tail with an unsaturated geranylgeranyl tail containing four isoprene units, thus yielding menaquinone-4. This homolog of vitamin K2 may have enzyme functions distinct from those of vitamin K1.Bacteria in the colon (large intestine) can also convert K1 into vitamin K2. In addition, bacteria typically lengthen the isoprenoid side chain of vitamin K2 to produce a range of vitamin K2 forms, most notably the MK-7 to MK-11 homologues of vitamin K2. All forms of K2 other than MK-4 can only be produced by bacteria, which use these forms in anaerobic respiration. The MK-7 and other bacterially derived forms of vitamin K2 exhibit vitamin K activity in animals, but MK-7's extra utility over MK-4, if any, is unclear and is a matter of investigation.Three synthetic types of vitamin K are known: vitamins K3, K4, and K5. Although the natural K1 and all K2 homologues and synthetic K4 and K5 have proven nontoxic, the synthetic form K3 (menadione) has shown toxicity.