AGU - Global Heat Flow Database
... borehole T-z profiles, surface air temperatures (SAT), soil temperatures, and solar radiation. Our hypothesis is that radiative heating and heat exchange between the ground and the air directly control the ground surface temperature. Consequently, borehole T-z measurements at multi-year intervals sp ...
... borehole T-z profiles, surface air temperatures (SAT), soil temperatures, and solar radiation. Our hypothesis is that radiative heating and heat exchange between the ground and the air directly control the ground surface temperature. Consequently, borehole T-z measurements at multi-year intervals sp ...
Chapter 3 Climate and the General Circulation
... and sea, but the planetary-scale circulation is also important. The ITCZ, subtropical anticyclones, and the prevailing wind belts impose a roughly zonal pattern on precipitation distribution. In addition, the regular shifts of these circulation features through the year cause the seasonality of prec ...
... and sea, but the planetary-scale circulation is also important. The ITCZ, subtropical anticyclones, and the prevailing wind belts impose a roughly zonal pattern on precipitation distribution. In addition, the regular shifts of these circulation features through the year cause the seasonality of prec ...
Seasons, Temperature, Global Warming
... atmosphere, which reduces its intensity. 2. length of daylight determined by position of earth in its orbit around the sun. Need to compare fraction of line of latitude which is in daylight to that in dark to find # hours daylight vs # hours dark. Equator always has 12 hrs day, 12 hrs night At equin ...
... atmosphere, which reduces its intensity. 2. length of daylight determined by position of earth in its orbit around the sun. Need to compare fraction of line of latitude which is in daylight to that in dark to find # hours daylight vs # hours dark. Equator always has 12 hrs day, 12 hrs night At equin ...
Pacific Ocean waters absorbing heat 15 times faster over past 60
... The IPCC scientists agree that much of the heat that humans have put into the atmosphere since the 1970s through greenhouse gas emissions A recent slowdown in global warming has led some probably has been absorbed by the ocean. skeptics to renew their claims that industrial carbon However, the findi ...
... The IPCC scientists agree that much of the heat that humans have put into the atmosphere since the 1970s through greenhouse gas emissions A recent slowdown in global warming has led some probably has been absorbed by the ocean. skeptics to renew their claims that industrial carbon However, the findi ...
Temporal and Spatial Variations of Moist Enthalpy in the U.S.
... the specific humidity. The H is the moist enthalpy or moist static energy (J kg-1). The Te is the surface equivalent temperature, which will better represent surface air heat content. The statistical significance of regional temporal trends and individual station trends were evaluated using an adjus ...
... the specific humidity. The H is the moist enthalpy or moist static energy (J kg-1). The Te is the surface equivalent temperature, which will better represent surface air heat content. The statistical significance of regional temporal trends and individual station trends were evaluated using an adjus ...
Neighborhood-scale Climate Adaptation
... with relevant land use, land cover, transportation, and other data through a regressiontree analysis to identify specific stressors by neighborhood. The identification of neighborhood-scale stressors, for example, urban heat islands within socially vulnerable areas, enables stakeholders to gain leve ...
... with relevant land use, land cover, transportation, and other data through a regressiontree analysis to identify specific stressors by neighborhood. The identification of neighborhood-scale stressors, for example, urban heat islands within socially vulnerable areas, enables stakeholders to gain leve ...
Domain Parklands Master Plan Factsheet
... means that central Melbourne will reach threshold temperatures for heat-related illnesses in vulnerable populations more often, and for longer, than surrounding suburban and rural areas. The urban heat island is primarily a result of impervious hard surfaces that absorb heat, human activity that gen ...
... means that central Melbourne will reach threshold temperatures for heat-related illnesses in vulnerable populations more often, and for longer, than surrounding suburban and rural areas. The urban heat island is primarily a result of impervious hard surfaces that absorb heat, human activity that gen ...
18.7 Greenhouse gases and global warming
... are causing an increase in the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced by the burning of fossil fuels in motor vehicles and power stations (to make electricity), and in many industrial processes especially the manufacture of iron, steel and cement. Deforestation by burning and felling tr ...
... are causing an increase in the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced by the burning of fossil fuels in motor vehicles and power stations (to make electricity), and in many industrial processes especially the manufacture of iron, steel and cement. Deforestation by burning and felling tr ...
The Cool Surfaces Opportunity in Los Angeles
... The Global Cool Ci-es Alliance is dedicated to advancing policies and ac-ons that increase the solar reflectance of our buildings and pavements as a cost-‐effec-ve way to promote cool buildings, cool ci-es ...
... The Global Cool Ci-es Alliance is dedicated to advancing policies and ac-ons that increase the solar reflectance of our buildings and pavements as a cost-‐effec-ve way to promote cool buildings, cool ci-es ...
Measures To Reduce The Urban Heat Island Effect In Rosemont
... vegetation, contributing to the urban heat island effect. Ruelle Verte (or green alleyways) are citizen-led projects where residents, with the support and approval of the local borough, transform the alleyways by removing asphalt (where possible) and planting trees, bushes, climbing plants and flowe ...
... vegetation, contributing to the urban heat island effect. Ruelle Verte (or green alleyways) are citizen-led projects where residents, with the support and approval of the local borough, transform the alleyways by removing asphalt (where possible) and planting trees, bushes, climbing plants and flowe ...
Urban Climate
... • Thin layer of atmosphere traps some of the Sun’s energy and heat • Problem = Thickening layer (“Greenhouse gases”) • Average global temperatures are rising ...
... • Thin layer of atmosphere traps some of the Sun’s energy and heat • Problem = Thickening layer (“Greenhouse gases”) • Average global temperatures are rising ...
Indian City Offers Way to Beat the Heat as 1786 Killed in Heat
... "The spiking temperatures underscore the need for local heat adaptation plans and early warning systems to reduce the health effects of heat stress and increase resilience in local communities to rising temperatures," said Anjali Jaiswal from the U.S.-based Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). ...
... "The spiking temperatures underscore the need for local heat adaptation plans and early warning systems to reduce the health effects of heat stress and increase resilience in local communities to rising temperatures," said Anjali Jaiswal from the U.S.-based Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). ...
PPT
... • Warming earth causes more clouds = increase in earth’s albedo (less SW absorbed) = temperature stays nearly the same ...
... • Warming earth causes more clouds = increase in earth’s albedo (less SW absorbed) = temperature stays nearly the same ...
File
... ● later frosts, earlier spring plantings, longer growing seasons in cooler climates ● growing season & greater heat damage to crops in warmer, drier climates ● changes in ecosystems due to poleward shift of plant and animal species ● increased risk of drought and forest wildfires ...
... ● later frosts, earlier spring plantings, longer growing seasons in cooler climates ● growing season & greater heat damage to crops in warmer, drier climates ● changes in ecosystems due to poleward shift of plant and animal species ● increased risk of drought and forest wildfires ...
un-habitat dr1-2
... d. Suggest Member States participate in the City Resilience Profiling Programme; Encourages implementing an environmental awareness education program through workshops held at community centers such as town halls, schools, or outdoor areas, depending on availability of a specific area, with the foll ...
... d. Suggest Member States participate in the City Resilience Profiling Programme; Encourages implementing an environmental awareness education program through workshops held at community centers such as town halls, schools, or outdoor areas, depending on availability of a specific area, with the foll ...
Medicine and the Environment
... Assistant Professor, Emergency Medicine, Environmental Health Emory University Schools of Medicine and Public Health ...
... Assistant Professor, Emergency Medicine, Environmental Health Emory University Schools of Medicine and Public Health ...
Human Influence on Weather
... – Cities are warmer, on average, than their suburbs Urban Heat Island Increased emission of heat (cars, people) Changes in water cycling Changes in surface area and heat capacity ...
... – Cities are warmer, on average, than their suburbs Urban Heat Island Increased emission of heat (cars, people) Changes in water cycling Changes in surface area and heat capacity ...
Diagnosis of Impacts of Climate Change on Urban Areas
... Urban areas, especially those of high-density population, are among all other sectors vulnerable to climate changes. In addition to deteriorating quality of air and sea level rise impacts on coastal cities, the temperature rise in urban is higher than in other natural areas for the following reasons ...
... Urban areas, especially those of high-density population, are among all other sectors vulnerable to climate changes. In addition to deteriorating quality of air and sea level rise impacts on coastal cities, the temperature rise in urban is higher than in other natural areas for the following reasons ...
Climate change and cities
... At present, more than 75% of Europeans live in urban areas (56.5% in Slovakia). The urban environment differs from the neighbouring landscape in a number of characteristics (temperature, humidity and air quality and others). It can be expected that due to climate change these adverse trends will eve ...
... At present, more than 75% of Europeans live in urban areas (56.5% in Slovakia). The urban environment differs from the neighbouring landscape in a number of characteristics (temperature, humidity and air quality and others). It can be expected that due to climate change these adverse trends will eve ...
Green infrastructure and the urban heat island
... LUCID is developing more localised tools for quantifying the effects of building structure and form, climate, energy use and effects on human health. Further details can be found on the project website at www.lucid-project.org.uk. The effects of vegetation on urban climate have been looked at in a n ...
... LUCID is developing more localised tools for quantifying the effects of building structure and form, climate, energy use and effects on human health. Further details can be found on the project website at www.lucid-project.org.uk. The effects of vegetation on urban climate have been looked at in a n ...
urban heat islands - Lakehead University
... Provides shade Changes albedo Reduces need for air conditioning ...
... Provides shade Changes albedo Reduces need for air conditioning ...
Climate Wire - Researchers find `hidden benefits` of electric vehicles
... By examining energy use and heat island intensity in Beijing, a city of 21 million that has come to represent the brunt of steady global warming, a study published yesterday in Scientific Reports outlined a man-made response to a man-made problem: electric vehicles. According to the authors, phasing ...
... By examining energy use and heat island intensity in Beijing, a city of 21 million that has come to represent the brunt of steady global warming, a study published yesterday in Scientific Reports outlined a man-made response to a man-made problem: electric vehicles. According to the authors, phasing ...
Variaciones del clima de la Ciudad de México durante el siglo XX.
... Vulnerability of human population • If slightly abnormal rain (or drought) causes disasters, the city is NOT in the adaptation process to climate change • Concatenated disasters (flooding, pollution, disease, economic deterioration, etc.). • Poverty: mainly children, women and seniors. ...
... Vulnerability of human population • If slightly abnormal rain (or drought) causes disasters, the city is NOT in the adaptation process to climate change • Concatenated disasters (flooding, pollution, disease, economic deterioration, etc.). • Poverty: mainly children, women and seniors. ...
Meterological March madness` mostly random" (Source
... For much of March, record temperatures hit as high as 35 degrees above normal and averaged about 18 degrees warmer than usual. The United States broke or tied at least 7,733 daily high temperature records in March, which is far more than the number of records broken in last summer's heat wave or in ...
... For much of March, record temperatures hit as high as 35 degrees above normal and averaged about 18 degrees warmer than usual. The United States broke or tied at least 7,733 daily high temperature records in March, which is far more than the number of records broken in last summer's heat wave or in ...
Urban heat island
An urban heat island (UHI) is a city or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities. The phenomenon was first investigated and described by Luke Howard in the 1810s, although he was not the one to name the phenomenon. The temperature difference usually is larger at night than during the day, and is most apparent when winds are weak. UHI is most noticeable during the summer and winter. The main cause of the urban heat island effect is from the modification of land surfaces. Waste heat generated by energy usage is a secondary contributor. As a population center grows, it tends to expand its area and increase its average temperature. The less-used term heat island refers to any area, populated or not, which is consistently hotter than the surrounding area.Monthly rainfall is greater downwind of cities, partially due to the UHI. Increases in heat within urban centers increases the length of growing seasons, and decreases the occurrence of weak tornadoes. The UHI decreases air quality by increasing the production of pollutants such as ozone, and decreases water quality as warmer waters flow into area streams and put stress on their ecosystems.Not all cities have a distinct urban heat island. Mitigation of the urban heat island effect can be accomplished through the use of green roofs and the use of lighter-colored surfaces in urban areas, which reflect more sunlight and absorb less heat.There are concerns raised about possible contribution from urban heat islands to global warming. Research on China and India indicates that urban heat island effect contributes to climate warming by about 30%. On the other hand, one 1999 comparison between urban and rural areas proposed that the urban heat island effects have little influence on global mean temperature trends. Many studies reveal increases in the severity of the effect with the progress of climate change.