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magnitude and frequency
magnitude and frequency

... An objective weather classification was used to reconstruct the atmospheric constituent of fluvial flooding in England, Scotland and Wales since the 1880s. Flood rich episodes were identified in the periods 1908-1934, 1977-1988 and from 1998 onwards. Five weather types account for 68% of flood occur ...
Climate change policies and the WTO: Greening the GATT
Climate change policies and the WTO: Greening the GATT

... of countries. From a Realpolitik perspective, one must first understand how climate change policies fare under the current WTO mandate and ensuing legal discipline. The focus of the framers of the GATT was on tariff protection, leaving to members the freedom to design all domestic policies (includin ...
Trends in extreme weather events in Europe: implications
Trends in extreme weather events in Europe: implications

... EASAC – the European Academies Science Advisory Council – is formed by the national science academies of the EU Member States to enable them to collaborate with each other in giving advice to European policy-makers. It thus provides a means for the collective voice of European science to be heard. I ...
From mitigation to creativity: the agency of museums and science
From mitigation to creativity: the agency of museums and science

... by arguing for the primacy of education: ‘if more people are educated, then they will do other things on this list’.2 Education was viewed as a precursor to decision-making; empowering the individual to weigh up the options, make their own informed decisions and facilitate broadbased mobilization: Y ...
Durham Research Online
Durham Research Online

... computers; the goal is to simulate how Earth’s climate would change if greenhouse gas emissions were to rise at particular rates in the future. But there is uncertainty about how to build these climate models in such a way that predictions of future climate change will have desired accuracy. The unc ...
Building resilience to climate-related shocks: farmers` vulnerability to
Building resilience to climate-related shocks: farmers` vulnerability to

... resilience (Klein et al. 2003; Adger 2006). A farm-based livelihood system lacks resilience, as it is vulnerable, and is vulnerable due to lack of resilience (Klein et al. 2003). The ...
action kit - Climate Reality Project
action kit - Climate Reality Project

... community. You have friends, family, neighbors, work colleagues, and school connections – all these contacts add up to an incredibly vital network. Together, your network can achieve great change for your community. Imagine thousands upon thousands of communities standing up for climate action and d ...
Adaptation to climate change in Israel
Adaptation to climate change in Israel

... scientific report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concludes that warming of the climate system is unequivocal and that “most aspects of climate change will persist for many centuries even if emissions of carbon dioxide are stopped.” To address the challenges of climate change, both ...
PDF
PDF

... early part of the 20th century many were skeptical about the so-called climate change that is due to global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) defines climate change as follows: “climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified by ...
A review of the consideration of climate change in the planning of
A review of the consideration of climate change in the planning of

... Modern electricity services are important for human well-being and to a country’s economic development; however; worldwide there are over 1.3 billion people without access to power (IEA, 2011). Sub-Saharan Africa lags behind all other regions of the world in terms of households’ access to electricit ...
2011 CO Basin Assessment Capacity - CLIMAS
2011 CO Basin Assessment Capacity - CLIMAS

... The workshop, Evaluating Our Capacity: A Discussion of Capability for Ongoing Climate Assessment in the Colorado River Basin, was held in Boulder, CO, June 6-8, 2011. Sponsored by the Climate Assessment for the Southwest, the Western Water Assessment, and the California Nevada Applications Program, ...
Please amend title - International Association for Impact
Please amend title - International Association for Impact

... Adaptation is any adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities Understanding Current climate Extent of Climate Change The climate and weather variables interact ...
http://www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/019/k7582e.pdf
http://www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/019/k7582e.pdf

... indirect effects, e.g. through variations in fish meal supplies and trade issues. Regarding contributions to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, aquaculture has limited relevance and the primary mitigation route for the sector lies in the reduction of energy consumption, through fuel and raw material us ...
Financing an efficient adaptation programme to climate change: A
Financing an efficient adaptation programme to climate change: A

... of extreme climate change such as floods and unexpected temperatures could seriously affect the Malaysian economy and society. For example, an estimated RM 84 million (RM 10 = $ 2.4) worth of agricultural production was damaged due to the recent flood that affected 7000 farmers of Malaysia (Singh, 201 ...
rapid climate change
rapid climate change

... The Atlantic array pilot scheme: it is now possible to make continuous, daily measurements of the strength and structure of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation or Atlantic Heat Conveyor. The system made its first observations on 29 March 2004 and has been in continuous operation since th ...
- CReaTE - Canterbury Christ Church University
- CReaTE - Canterbury Christ Church University

... Ballantyne, 2007) and 60% in 2008 (Ipsos MORI, 2008) agreed with the statement that “many leading experts still question if human activity is contributing to climate change,” and in 2008, 42% agreed with the statement “I sometimes think climate change might not be as bad as people say” (Ipsos MORI, ...
Climate Actions in EU and Globally
Climate Actions in EU and Globally

... • Climate Leaders is an EPA industry/government partnership that works with companies to develop comprehensive climate change strategies – Partner companies (numbering more than 200) commit to setting aggressive greenhouse gas reduction goals and annually reporting progress to EPA • An important obj ...
PDF
PDF

... It has been proven that climate change, has significant impacts on the natural environment and human health (MEA, 2005). This, in turn, has led to an increasing number of scientific studies focusing on the mapping and identification of the scale of climate change impacts on ecosystem performance and ...
A framework for modelling fish and shellfish
A framework for modelling fish and shellfish

... statistical downscaling where environmental variables are projected and incorporated into existing stock projection models using existing knowledge of mechanisms linking fish and shellfish response to biophysical forcing. Time-series generated for this effort can be used in retrospective analyses to ...
A Climate of Concern: Climate Change and Health Strategy
A Climate of Concern: Climate Change and Health Strategy

... our health. Whether our focus is on the creeping effects of gradual climate change or the unexpected and often violent effects of severe weather, serious health implications exist. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013) has found that the warming of the climate is unequivocal, an ...
Club Club - OECD.org
Club Club - OECD.org

... promote strong action on future mitigation and adaptation. The argument that climate change impacts will be strongest in areas considered particularly vulnerable due to their low adaptive capacity2, like the Sahel, reinforces a sense of urgency. Hence, depending on the schools of thought cited earli ...
rapid climate change - BADC
rapid climate change - BADC

... The Atlantic array pilot scheme: it is now possible to make continuous, daily measurements of the strength and structure of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation or Atlantic Heat Conveyor. The system made its first observations on 29 March 2004 and has been in continuous operation since th ...
Palaeoclimatic insights into future climate challenges
Palaeoclimatic insights into future climate challenges

... carbon dioxide concentration appears to have globalized deglacial warming, with climate sensitivity near the upper end of values from general circulation models (GCMs) used to project human-enhanced greenhouse warming; data from the warm Cretaceous period suggest a similarly high climate sensitivity ...
PDF
PDF

... price variables are the market year prices received for the major field crops (corn, soybeans, wheat, and hay) and the mean per-capita value of inventory for the major livestock animals (cattle and swine). The latter two variables performed better than beef and pork prices and the per-capita cattle ...
The Met Office Hadley Centre climate modelling capability: the
The Met Office Hadley Centre climate modelling capability: the

... major source of uncertainty when considering estimates of climate sensitivity from contemporary models (Ringer et al. 2006; Soden & Held 2006; Webb et al. 2006). In HadGEM1, we have succeeded in improving the distributions of different cloud types (low or high altitude, optically thick or thin) whil ...
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Climate resilience

Climate resilience can be generally defined as the capacity for a socio-ecological system to: (1) absorb stresses and maintain function in the face of external stresses imposed upon it by climate change and (2) adapt, reorganize, and evolve into more desirable configurations that improve the sustainability of the system, leaving it better prepared for future climate change impacts. With the rising awareness of climate change impacts by both national and international bodies, building climate resilience has become a major goal for these institutions. The key focus of climate resilience efforts is to address the vulnerability that communities, states, and countries currently have with regards to the environmental consequences of climate change. Currently, climate resilience efforts encompass social, economic, technological, and political strategies that are being implemented at all scales of society. From local community action to global treaties, addressing climate resilience is becoming a priority, although it could be argued that a significant amount of the theory has yet to be translated into practice. Despite this, there is a robust and ever-growing movement fueled by local and national bodies alike geared towards building and improving climate resilience.
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