High impact, low probability (revised for Climatic Change)
... understanding of the problem shifts away from one cast largely in terms of a relatively sure intergenerational investment, where the key consideration is equity, towards one cast largely in terms of insuring against very unlikely but catastrophic risks. ...
... understanding of the problem shifts away from one cast largely in terms of a relatively sure intergenerational investment, where the key consideration is equity, towards one cast largely in terms of insuring against very unlikely but catastrophic risks. ...
Climate change impacts and adaptation strategies in the
... According to the EC Joint Research Centre, mean temperatures have increased in Europe by 0.8oC since 1900. Annual precipitation has increased by between 10% and 40% in northern Europe over the last 100 years, while the Mediterranean basin has experienced a 20% reduction (JRC, 2005). Predictions by t ...
... According to the EC Joint Research Centre, mean temperatures have increased in Europe by 0.8oC since 1900. Annual precipitation has increased by between 10% and 40% in northern Europe over the last 100 years, while the Mediterranean basin has experienced a 20% reduction (JRC, 2005). Predictions by t ...
Climate Change: Potential Effects on Human Health in New Zealand
... only be given as a range of possible scenarios. Future refinement of global climate models could lead to projections that are not necessarily captured by the range of current climate models represented in this report. The scenarios and the impact assessment in this report should therefore only be se ...
... only be given as a range of possible scenarios. Future refinement of global climate models could lead to projections that are not necessarily captured by the range of current climate models represented in this report. The scenarios and the impact assessment in this report should therefore only be se ...
Velocity of climate change algorithms for guiding conservation and
... fax (780) 492-4323, e-mail: [email protected] The copyright line for this article was changed on 26 January, 2015 after original online publication. ...
... fax (780) 492-4323, e-mail: [email protected] The copyright line for this article was changed on 26 January, 2015 after original online publication. ...
Global Climate Risk Index 2015
... the relative indicators (see chapter “Methodological Remarks” for further details on the calculation). The countries ranking highest are the ones most impacted and should see the CRI as a warning sign that they are at risk for either frequent events or rare, but extraordinary catastrophes. The Clima ...
... the relative indicators (see chapter “Methodological Remarks” for further details on the calculation). The countries ranking highest are the ones most impacted and should see the CRI as a warning sign that they are at risk for either frequent events or rare, but extraordinary catastrophes. The Clima ...
Climate Trends in the Casco Bay Region
... In 2012, Casco Bay was subject to an “ocean heat wave”—the largest and most intense such event that the Northwest Atlantic has experienced in three decades—which stretched from North Carolina to Iceland (with especially marked warming in the Gulf of Maine) (Mills et al. 2013). In response to a 1-3°C ...
... In 2012, Casco Bay was subject to an “ocean heat wave”—the largest and most intense such event that the Northwest Atlantic has experienced in three decades—which stretched from North Carolina to Iceland (with especially marked warming in the Gulf of Maine) (Mills et al. 2013). In response to a 1-3°C ...
Multi-hazard assessment in Europe under climate change
... uncertainty) and S values the percentage of area subject to significant changes (5 % level). The frequency analysis is complemented with the corresponding variations in Expected Annual Fraction Exposed (EAFE) shown in Fig. 2 both in terms of its magnitude and relative change with respect to the base ...
... uncertainty) and S values the percentage of area subject to significant changes (5 % level). The frequency analysis is complemented with the corresponding variations in Expected Annual Fraction Exposed (EAFE) shown in Fig. 2 both in terms of its magnitude and relative change with respect to the base ...
Topic 12: Agriculture, Climate Change and Adaptation
... Adaptation and the treadmill Climate change and its continual progression raises a new demand on agriculture research and extension Traditionally in agriculture we did research on yield improvement and some maintenance for say pest resistance We could count on weather being stationary but now this ...
... Adaptation and the treadmill Climate change and its continual progression raises a new demand on agriculture research and extension Traditionally in agriculture we did research on yield improvement and some maintenance for say pest resistance We could count on weather being stationary but now this ...
Adapting agriculture to climate change
... The farming community is sceptical about the reality of climate change or, at very least, about the need for action now. Generally, education and extension work around adaptation does not engage in this debate. Rather, the message is about the need for actions that address climate variability and so ...
... The farming community is sceptical about the reality of climate change or, at very least, about the need for action now. Generally, education and extension work around adaptation does not engage in this debate. Rather, the message is about the need for actions that address climate variability and so ...
Ocean of Grass: A Conservation Assessment for the Northern Great
... magnitude of the change varies by scenario. For this analysis, we have chosen to examine the A1B and A2 scenarios based on their widespread use in modeling exercises and because they represent a “business as usual” scenario (A1B) and an increase in emissions (A2). To note, the A1B scenario suggests ...
... magnitude of the change varies by scenario. For this analysis, we have chosen to examine the A1B and A2 scenarios based on their widespread use in modeling exercises and because they represent a “business as usual” scenario (A1B) and an increase in emissions (A2). To note, the A1B scenario suggests ...
Dynamics of Culture and Climate Change and their Implications on
... ‘natural’ environment, and how adaptive (or maladaptative) cultural patterns come about, are fundamentally important steps that can complement the development of technological, engineering, managerial coping and adaptation strategies. Cruikshank encapsulates this perspective in her statement that ‘o ...
... ‘natural’ environment, and how adaptive (or maladaptative) cultural patterns come about, are fundamentally important steps that can complement the development of technological, engineering, managerial coping and adaptation strategies. Cruikshank encapsulates this perspective in her statement that ‘o ...
Environmental refugees: The impact of climate change on emigration
... The causes of migration are complex and, to a large degree, context-specific (Hartman 2010). People choose to migrate only as a last resort as costs are associated with migration as well (Black et al. 2013; Penning-Rowsell et al. 2013). Hence, migration might be driven by a series of factors that ar ...
... The causes of migration are complex and, to a large degree, context-specific (Hartman 2010). People choose to migrate only as a last resort as costs are associated with migration as well (Black et al. 2013; Penning-Rowsell et al. 2013). Hence, migration might be driven by a series of factors that ar ...
Self-Governance and Peer Review in Science-for
... submitting to dozens of interviews. The drain on his time and energy during this period kept him from his scientific work, he said (personal communication, 1996). Both the public and the private exchanges themselves became objects of further press reports, widely disseminated by the news wire servic ...
... submitting to dozens of interviews. The drain on his time and energy during this period kept him from his scientific work, he said (personal communication, 1996). Both the public and the private exchanges themselves became objects of further press reports, widely disseminated by the news wire servic ...
Agriculture and food systems in sub
... is fitted to a calibration dataset of over 10 000 weather stations worldwide, clustered into some 700 climate clusters, using monthly values of precipitation and maximum and minimum temperatures. All weather stations in the dataset have at least 12 years of daily data, and a few have 100 years or mor ...
... is fitted to a calibration dataset of over 10 000 weather stations worldwide, clustered into some 700 climate clusters, using monthly values of precipitation and maximum and minimum temperatures. All weather stations in the dataset have at least 12 years of daily data, and a few have 100 years or mor ...
WP4.2 - NCAS
... Study the mechanisms to assess the regional features of climate change, including changes that may result from a modification of the patterns of natural variability. In collaboration with RT5, research will be carried out to advance understanding of the mechanisms that govern modes of natural climat ...
... Study the mechanisms to assess the regional features of climate change, including changes that may result from a modification of the patterns of natural variability. In collaboration with RT5, research will be carried out to advance understanding of the mechanisms that govern modes of natural climat ...
Into Unknown Territory. The Limits to Adaptation and Reality of Loss
... The concept of loss and damage is increasingly important because we have not mitigated or adapted to climate change in time: whatever we do now, there will still be losses and irreversible impacts. Current emission reduction commitments are out of step with the scientific urgency of tackling climate ...
... The concept of loss and damage is increasingly important because we have not mitigated or adapted to climate change in time: whatever we do now, there will still be losses and irreversible impacts. Current emission reduction commitments are out of step with the scientific urgency of tackling climate ...
The Influence of Climate Variability and Change on the Science and
... Studies of paleoclimate and paleoecology allow us to put current species distributions in a longer-term context. Using records derived from tree rings, pollen analysis, packrat middens, and other sources, changes in space and time of many species distributions can be mapped in considerable detail. G ...
... Studies of paleoclimate and paleoecology allow us to put current species distributions in a longer-term context. Using records derived from tree rings, pollen analysis, packrat middens, and other sources, changes in space and time of many species distributions can be mapped in considerable detail. G ...
U.S. Global Change Research Program · 1717 Pennsylvania... Washington, D.C. 20006 USA · 1-202-223-6262 (voice) ·...
... sponsor of this activity was the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) led and coordinated the project. The time horizon considered was 1900 to 2100, but the main focus was on the recent past and the next 25 to 50 years, which fall within the plan ...
... sponsor of this activity was the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) led and coordinated the project. The time horizon considered was 1900 to 2100, but the main focus was on the recent past and the next 25 to 50 years, which fall within the plan ...
National Sustainable Materials Management Action Plan
... Contribute to NRC National SMM Action Plan prepared based on the Summit ...
... Contribute to NRC National SMM Action Plan prepared based on the Summit ...
The design of a legacy indicator tool for measuring climate change
... Paul’s Cathedral on surface erosion and surface change (including accretion) [30–32]. This study uses microerosion meters4 to measure changes in the surface elevation of a limestone balustrade, concentrating on near-horizontal surfaces [30]. The results showed a general decrease in erosion rates att ...
... Paul’s Cathedral on surface erosion and surface change (including accretion) [30–32]. This study uses microerosion meters4 to measure changes in the surface elevation of a limestone balustrade, concentrating on near-horizontal surfaces [30]. The results showed a general decrease in erosion rates att ...