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... example, the benefits of irrigation would depend greatly on the extent to which it was used, rather than simply whether it was adopted or not. Secondly, even though adaptation is inherently a time-series phenomenon (conditions change and individuals react in turn), research that has quantitatively a ...
Evolving Comparative Advantage and the Impact of
Evolving Comparative Advantage and the Impact of

... future for many biological systems, such as agricultural plant life, on which human welfare depends. But just how much will living standards suffer as plants wilt in a hotter world? A large agronomic literature has modeled the implications of such climate change for crop yields, crop by crop and loc ...
Climate Change Adaptation Actions for Local
Climate Change Adaptation Actions for Local

... Over the twentieth century, average air temperatures at the earth’s surface increased by approximately 0.74 °C (IPCC, 2007). It is very likely that greenhouse gas emissions generated by human activities caused most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since mid-20th century (IP ...
Challenging Global Warming as a Social Problem
Challenging Global Warming as a Social Problem

... about environmental problems and thereby provided environmental activists, scientists, and policy-makers with new momentum in their efforts to promote environmental protection. Not surprisingly, opponents of these efforts mobilized in recent years to mount intense opposition to calls for major inter ...
Sea-level rise - Environmental Science Institute
Sea-level rise - Environmental Science Institute

... Produced by and for the Hot Science – Cool Talks Outreach Lecture Series of the Environmental Science Institute. We request that the use of any of these materials include an acknowledgement of Dr. David Vaughan and the Hot Science – Cool Talks Outreach Lecture Series of the Environmental Science Ins ...
- Macquarie University ResearchOnline
- Macquarie University ResearchOnline

... level, but only rarely to species level. These higher taxa tend to have distributions as coherent as lower taxa or species in climate space, even when species from different continents are included: this was first noted by Huntley et al. (1989) for Fagus, and has been confirmed by more recent work w ...
Document
Document

... other types of solar geoengineering To illustrate how the impacts of solar geoengineering would depend on the type of solar geoengineering deployed and the manner of its deployment, we present here some key differences among some forms of solar geoengineering. All forms of solar geoengineering are a ...
Accounting for Health Impacts of Climate Change
Accounting for Health Impacts of Climate Change

... ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.8 billion people who live on le ...
Future wave conditions at the German Baltic Sea Coast on
Future wave conditions at the German Baltic Sea Coast on

... coastline of Germany through a dialogue between academics, economists, policy-makers and the public. In the field of coastal protection, the most important task is the development of future protection strategies for the German Baltic Sea Coast. Therefore existing coastal protection strategies and me ...
Climate Change, Migration, and Displacement | Greenpeace
Climate Change, Migration, and Displacement | Greenpeace

... visibly and more alarmingly. 2016 was the world’s hottest year since record keeping began, and the third consecutive year of record warmth. The average global temperature was 1.1 degrees Celsius higher than temperatures before the beginning of the industrial age, which implies that the increase in a ...
Michael E. Schlesinger, Professor of Atmospheric Sciences
Michael E. Schlesinger, Professor of Atmospheric Sciences

... for a 10-year delay in initiating the transition to a reduced-greenhouse-gas scenario is small." In 1994 he discovered a 65-70 year temperature oscillation in observed surface temperatures for the North Atlantic Ocean and its bordering continental regions, a finding that was reported in Discover Mag ...
Heat Turn Down the 74455
Heat Turn Down the 74455

... And most importantly, a 4°C world is so different from the current one that it comes with high uncertainty and new risks that threaten our ability to anticipate and plan for future adaptation needs. The lack of action on climate change not only risks putting prosperity out of reach of millions of pe ...
Turn Down The heaT: why a 4°C warmer worlD musT Be avoiDeD
Turn Down The heaT: why a 4°C warmer worlD musT Be avoiDeD

... And most importantly, a 4°C world is so different from the current one that it comes with high uncertainty and new risks that threaten our ability to anticipate and plan for future adaptation needs. The lack of action on climate change not only risks putting prosperity out of reach of millions of pe ...
WETLANDS, CARBON STORAGE, AND FUTURE CLIMATE
WETLANDS, CARBON STORAGE, AND FUTURE CLIMATE

... Increase in CO 2 . Carbon dioxide has increased 30% since pre-industrial times. A doubling is anticipated by 2100. • Increase in air, water, and soil temperatures. Over the past century the global mean surface temperature has risen 0.5-1.10F (IPCC, 1996). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Chang ...
Scenario Planning for Solar Radiation Management
Scenario Planning for Solar Radiation Management

... The Yale Climate & Energy Institute (YCEI) seeks to understand Earth’s climate system, ecological and social impacts of climate change, the strengths and weaknesses of current political and economic system’s ability to respond to climate change, and to provide realistic, implementable solutions to s ...
11.2MB - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
11.2MB - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research

... ... however, RECOGNISES that recent scientific research and work under the IPCC indicates that it is unlikely that stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations above 550 ppmv CO2 equivalent would be consistent with meeting the 2°C long-term objective ... ... and that in order to have a reasonable ...
Title Climate Change-4 - Pakistan Institute of Development Economics
Title Climate Change-4 - Pakistan Institute of Development Economics

... Ordinance (EPO) of 1983. Under this ordinance various Environment Protection Agencies were created at the federal as well as at provincial level and Pakistan Environmental Protection Council was established in 1984 to act as a supreme body for formulation and implementation of the national environme ...
Characterizing and attributing the warming trend in sea and land
Characterizing and attributing the warming trend in sea and land

... warming trend. Year 2015 was the warmest on record by a considerable margin, does this imply that the slowdown in the warming has ended? Does it imply that the slowdown never really existed? Recent papers have analyzed unfiltered global temperature series and have concluded that the recent slowdown ...
Turn Down - Climate Analytics
Turn Down - Climate Analytics

... And most importantly, a 4°C world is so different from the current one that it comes with high uncertainty and new risks that threaten our ability to anticipate and plan for future adaptation needs. The lack of action on climate change not only risks putting prosperity out of reach of millions of pe ...
Climate Variability and Change with Implications for Transportation
Climate Variability and Change with Implications for Transportation

... and solar irradiance variations in some of the models but these were not simulated in the future scenarios by any of the models. The three scenarios chosen for this study are taken from the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES; Nakicenovic et al., 2000). In increasing order of total gree ...
Summary Report CwD Project Profile 2012
Summary Report CwD Project Profile 2012

... climate change is likely to intensify the gender dimensions of vulnerability, especially among femaleheaded households. In response, a growing number of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and research organisations, including United Nations (UN) agencies, are engaging in adaptation and developmen ...
V. Objectives of the Inter-Regional Technical Support Component
V. Objectives of the Inter-Regional Technical Support Component

... Africa is particularly vulnerable to climate change. It will exacerbate the economic, political and humanitarian stresses that countries in the region already face, and greatly reduce their capacity to eradicate extreme poverty. The poorest segments of society will be the most severely affected beca ...
Hydrologic impacts of climate change on the Nile River Basin
Hydrologic impacts of climate change on the Nile River Basin

... increase at nearly the same rate as in the A2 scenario, but then level off around midcentury and reach 550 ppm by 2100. 2.3 VIC land surface hydrologic model The Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model of Liang et al. (1994, 1996) is a semi-distributed grid-based land surface hydrological model w ...
climate change, disasters, and human mobility in south asia and
climate change, disasters, and human mobility in south asia and

... and Human Mobility in South Asia and Indian Ocean,” taking place in Khulna, Bangladesh from 3 – 5 April 2015, which aims at exploring the issues related to human mobility (displacement, migration and planned relocation) in the context of disasters and climate change. It will focus on South Asia and ...
National Park Service - Montana State University
National Park Service - Montana State University

... Embedded with these millennial scale changes (largely related to variations in the seasonal cycle of solar radiation), are centennial climate variations such as the Medieval Climate Anomaly (ca. 950–1250) and the Little Ice Age (ca. 1400–1700). These variations had less dramatic impacts on vegetatio ...
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Climate change denial

Climate change denial, or global warming denial, involves denial, dismissal, or unwarranted doubt about the scientific consensus on the rate and extent of global warming, the extent to which it is caused by humans, its impacts on nature and human society, or the potential for human actions to reduce these impacts. Climate change skepticism and climate change denial form an overlapping range of views, and generally have the same characteristics; both reject to a greater or lesser extent current scientific opinion on climate change. Climate change denial can also be implicit, when individuals or social groups accept the science but divert their attention to less difficult topics rather than take action. Several social science studies have analyzed these positions as forms of denialism.In the global warming controversy, campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science has been described as a ""denial machine"" of industrial, political and ideological interests, supported by conservative media and skeptical bloggers in manufacturing uncertainty about global warming. In the public debate, phrases such as climate skepticism have frequently been used with the same meaning as climate denialism. The labels are contested: those actively challenging climate science commonly describe themselves as ""skeptics"", but many do not comply with scientific skepticism and, regardless of evidence, continue to deny the validity of human caused global warming.Although there is a scientific consensus that human activity is the primary driver of climate change, the politics of global warming has been impacted by climate change denial, hindering efforts to prevent climate change and adapt to the warming climate. Typically, public debate on climate change denial may have the appearance of legitimate scientific discourse, but does not conform to scientific principles.Organised campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science is associated with conservative economic policies and backed by industrial interests opposed to the regulation of CO2 emissions. Climate change denial has been associated with the fossil fuels lobby, the Koch brothers, industry advocates and libertarian think tanks, often in the United States. Between 2002 and 2010, nearly $120 million (£77 million) was anonymously donated, some by conservative billionaires via the Donors Trust and Donors Capital Fund, to more than 100 organizations seeking to undermine the public perception of the science on climate change. In 2013 the Center for Media and Democracy reported that the State Policy Network (SPN), an umbrella group of 64 U.S. think tanks, had been lobbying on behalf of major corporations and conservative donors to oppose climate change regulation.
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