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Going Global - The George Wright Society
Going Global - The George Wright Society

... The existing, and increasingly important role of protected area systems in contributing to the cost-effective conservation of intact, connected, and therefore resilient ecosystems, has been supported by scientific and socio-economic analysis, including the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and the rec ...
Effects of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle: concepts
Effects of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle: concepts

... (1992), and became widely acknowledged after the second IPCC assessment of climate change in 1995 (Nicholls & Alexander, 2007). These concerns were raised because many biological systems (including human societies) are more sensitive to climate extremes than to gradual climate change, due to typical ...
The cost of inaction: Recognising the value at risk
The cost of inaction: Recognising the value at risk

... point of view. The long time horizon, coupled with private-investor discount rates, can lead to a remarkable tolerance for systemic environmental risk. The value at risk assessed by this research should be considered the expected losses to global assets if emissions fail to be substantially reduced, ...
Climate Change and Collective Responsibility
Climate Change and Collective Responsibility

... upon others. In so doing, they would bear one kind of responsibility for their actions and resulting outcomes (i.e. warranting the harm that they impose upon themselves), but this responsibility would invite only prudential rather than moral critique. But in fact many suffer climate-related harm for ...
vulnerability analysis to climate change in the caribbean belize
vulnerability analysis to climate change in the caribbean belize

... Current and future effects of climate change are constantly more complex, creating more pressure on ecosystems and affecting the lifestyles of the people who depend on natural resources under constantly changing conditions. For this reason coastal communities need to anticipate and prepare for chang ...
By Harsimranjit Singh Brar (L-2014-A-32-M)
By Harsimranjit Singh Brar (L-2014-A-32-M)

... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges being faced by global community in 21st century. Air temperature near the earth surface rose by 0.74° C from 1906 to 2005 and it is estimated to increase as much as 6.4° C on average during the 21st century (Anonymous 2007a). Climate change refers to ...
Rechtspraak.nl - Print uitspraak
Rechtspraak.nl - Print uitspraak

... within reach (…) It is also clear that collective, global actions are required to keep climate change within acceptable limits. In this context of collective actions, the 25%-40% reduction you refer to in your letter was always the objective. The EU’s offer to pursue a 30% reduction by 2020, on the ...
Biosphere feedbacks and climate change
Biosphere feedbacks and climate change

... their estimated magnitudes still vary greatly among models. The models are also incomplete. Permafrost carbon, in particular, was not represented in any of the models reported in AR5. We review the evidence on biosphere feedbacks expected to be important during the 21st century (including results pu ...
Latest version - Broads Authority
Latest version - Broads Authority

... Climate science We notice changes in our day-to-day weather, and short-term variations in our climate such as the recent winter storm events. Climate change science, on the other hand, analyses the average weather trends or cycles at a particular place over much longer periods of time – generally ar ...
overcoming barriers to the adoption of climate-friendly
overcoming barriers to the adoption of climate-friendly

... A relatively less important role is attributed to barriers relating to the cost of adoption, hidden and transaction costs, social and cultural factors, the perception of carbon leakage, and access to credit and the misaligned policies. These factors should also be considered as priority areas for go ...
Climate change impact on meteorological, agricultural, and
Climate change impact on meteorological, agricultural, and

... released by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), droughts have become longer and more intense, and have affected larger areas since the 1970s; the land area affected by drought is expected to increase and water resources availability in affected areas could decline as much as 30% by ...
Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide
Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide

... large warming at intermediate ocean depths in response to initial surface warming are consistent with the concept of a methane hydrate role in hyperthermal events. The hyperthermals confirm understanding about the long recovery time of the Earth’s carbon cycle [21] and reveal the potential for thresh ...
Assessment of Climate Variability Impact on Water Resources within
Assessment of Climate Variability Impact on Water Resources within

... influence the spatial distribution and availability of natural resources, ecosystems, and human economy (American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2007). The IPCC described climate change as a significant long-term shift or change in weather conditions identified by changes in temp ...
ADAPTATION OPTIONS IN AGRICULTURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
ADAPTATION OPTIONS IN AGRICULTURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE

... promote and facilitate adaptation, and deploy adaptation technologies to address climate change (UNFCCC 1998). Canada, like many other countries, recognizes adaptation as an important component of its climate change response strategy and is exploring adaptation options in several sectors (Canada 200 ...
Chapter 3 RESPONDING TO CLIMATE CHANGE: ADAPTATION
Chapter 3 RESPONDING TO CLIMATE CHANGE: ADAPTATION

... Approaches to adaptation can vary greatly across sectors, across climate impacts, and across geographic scales. Regardless of this variability, adaptation is mostly about integrating projections of climate impacts into the development planning of a specific country, region, or city. Thus, the genera ...
Climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in
Climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in

... In response, a growing number of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and research organisations, including United Nations (UN) agencies, are engaging in adaptation and development activities using a variety of approaches including community-based adaptation (CBA). Many of the projects demonstrate ...
Climate variability and change: adaptation to drought in Bangladesh
Climate variability and change: adaptation to drought in Bangladesh

... In Bangladesh where agriculture is the largest sector of the economy, agricultural production is under pressure from increasing demands for food. A large percentage of the population is already vulnerable to a range of natural hazards with increasing climate variability and climate change expected t ...
Rethinking Private Land Conservation in the
Rethinking Private Land Conservation in the

... undermine these purposes. Even here, however, climate change can pose concerns. Flooding or sea-level increases, for example, could threaten urban parks or historic buildings. As noted, climate change will not only undermine the purposes of private land conservation but also make it more difficult t ...
The Effect of Urban Heat Island on Climate Warming in the Yangtze
The Effect of Urban Heat Island on Climate Warming in the Yangtze

... Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, industrial and agricultural activities, such as fossil fuel burning and land use change, have significantly increased the concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG), such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), ozone (O3), nitrous oxide (N2O), and chlo ...
Mexico - Met Office
Mexico - Met Office

... available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with human health. In this case, these impacts are strongly dependant on local factors and do not easily le ...
An Inconvenient Trial - Digital Commons @ Liberty University
An Inconvenient Trial - Digital Commons @ Liberty University

... climate change. . . . I know a lot of really good scientists at NASA,8 and NOAA,9 and at our major universities. The best scientists in the world are all telling us that [human] activities are changing the climate, and if we do not act forcefully, we’ll continue to see rising oceans, longer, hotter ...
Climate Change Adaptation and Development
Climate Change Adaptation and Development

... since the beginning of human presence on Earth (Smithers and Smit, 1997). Charles Darwin’s 1859 The Origin of Species represents one of the roots of the concept of biological adaptation because his work provided evidence of evolution, which formed the basis for evolutionary biology. Adaptive strate ...
Managing Coastal Vulnerability under Climate Change
Managing Coastal Vulnerability under Climate Change

... In many developing nations in particular, exposure of the poor and disadvantaged segments of urban populations to flooding and storm surge hazards, lack of sanitation, and access to only the most marginal resources and degraded ecosystems is all too common (7). Even in developed nations like the Uni ...
Climate Change Predicted Impacts on Juneau
Climate Change Predicted Impacts on Juneau

... known scientifically about current and future impacts. The panel has reviewed scientific reports on climate change and presents current and potential impacts to Juneau. The panelists preferred to refer to global climate change rather than global climate warming to emphasize that the manifestations o ...
My Little COP Pocket Book
My Little COP Pocket Book

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Climate change denial

Climate change denial, or global warming denial, involves denial, dismissal, or unwarranted doubt about the scientific consensus on the rate and extent of global warming, the extent to which it is caused by humans, its impacts on nature and human society, or the potential for human actions to reduce these impacts. Climate change skepticism and climate change denial form an overlapping range of views, and generally have the same characteristics; both reject to a greater or lesser extent current scientific opinion on climate change. Climate change denial can also be implicit, when individuals or social groups accept the science but divert their attention to less difficult topics rather than take action. Several social science studies have analyzed these positions as forms of denialism.In the global warming controversy, campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science has been described as a ""denial machine"" of industrial, political and ideological interests, supported by conservative media and skeptical bloggers in manufacturing uncertainty about global warming. In the public debate, phrases such as climate skepticism have frequently been used with the same meaning as climate denialism. The labels are contested: those actively challenging climate science commonly describe themselves as ""skeptics"", but many do not comply with scientific skepticism and, regardless of evidence, continue to deny the validity of human caused global warming.Although there is a scientific consensus that human activity is the primary driver of climate change, the politics of global warming has been impacted by climate change denial, hindering efforts to prevent climate change and adapt to the warming climate. Typically, public debate on climate change denial may have the appearance of legitimate scientific discourse, but does not conform to scientific principles.Organised campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science is associated with conservative economic policies and backed by industrial interests opposed to the regulation of CO2 emissions. Climate change denial has been associated with the fossil fuels lobby, the Koch brothers, industry advocates and libertarian think tanks, often in the United States. Between 2002 and 2010, nearly $120 million (£77 million) was anonymously donated, some by conservative billionaires via the Donors Trust and Donors Capital Fund, to more than 100 organizations seeking to undermine the public perception of the science on climate change. In 2013 the Center for Media and Democracy reported that the State Policy Network (SPN), an umbrella group of 64 U.S. think tanks, had been lobbying on behalf of major corporations and conservative donors to oppose climate change regulation.
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