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References
References

... Bonan, G.B. 1991a. Atmosphere-biosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in boreal forests. Journal of Geophysical Research 96D:7301-7312. Bonan, G.B. 1991b. A biophysical surface energy budget analysis of soil temperature in the boreal forests of interior Alaska. Water Resources Research 27:767-781. Bona ...
The Age of Consequences: The Foreign Policy
The Age of Consequences: The Foreign Policy

... Below is a synthesis and summary of some of the key findings from the various chapters, discussions, and presentations that have emerged over the course of the last several months. This is by no means an exhaustive list but is meant to provide a clear distillation of our key findings: • The expecte ...
The age of consequences—the foreign policy and national security
The age of consequences—the foreign policy and national security

... Below is a synthesis and summary of some of the key findings from the various chapters, discussions, and presentations that have emerged over the course of the last several months. This is by no means an exhaustive list but is meant to provide a clear distillation of our key findings: • The expecte ...
The Age of Consequences - The Web site cannot be found
The Age of Consequences - The Web site cannot be found

... Below is a synthesis and summary of some of the key findings from the various chapters, discussions, and presentations that have emerged over the course of the last several months. This is by no means an exhaustive list but is meant to provide a clear distillation of our key findings: • The expecte ...
Central Mekong Delta Region Connectivity Project
Central Mekong Delta Region Connectivity Project

... large flood events. On the other hand, the study found that navigation clearance should not be significantly affected. While potential risks were clearly identified, the consensus on the magnitude and scope of adaptation was only reached through continued dialogue and weighing response options and c ...
Biodiversity Areas under Threat: Overlap of Climate Change and
Biodiversity Areas under Threat: Overlap of Climate Change and

... and biodiversity over 30 years. Our two overarching questions are: 1. Where are biodiversity and conservation priorities vulnerable to climate change and population growth (primarily through agricultural extensification)? 2. Where might human populations be at risk from negatively impacted ecosystem ...
task force on climate remediation research
task force on climate remediation research

... II. Definition of “Climate Remediation” and the Rationale for Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 A. Definition of “Climate Remediation” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Coastal and Inland Wetlands in
Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Coastal and Inland Wetlands in

... water levels are likely to increase groundwater withdrawals for agriculture and other uses which may lead to the loss of additional wetlands currently supported by groundwater. Michigan is already experiencing increases in the agricultural irrigation water withdrawals as a result of the dry, hot sum ...
a prediction market for climate outcomes
a prediction market for climate outcomes

... intertwined with a variety of economic and professional interests, such that virtually no one can make an assertion about climate change without being accused of having some interest—economic, professional, or psychic—in convincing others. In prediction markets, it is simply too costly to sustain a ...
How the Great Barrier Reef and its industries can adapt to climate
How the Great Barrier Reef and its industries can adapt to climate

... the scenarios as ‘ideal adaptation’ actions. We developed these scenarios as tools to help focus public and industry discussion on potential GBR futures, under different levels of risk. They can be used for many other purposes, from planning a business to developing new industries. Feel free to use, ...
Seattle City Light Climate Change Analysis - CSES
Seattle City Light Climate Change Analysis - CSES

... provided  in  the  Excel  spreadsheets  on  the  DVD  that  accompanies  this  report.  The   spreadsheets  include  1)  statistical  summaries  for  all  parameters  with  results  of  statistical   significance  tests  for  changes  at  t ...
ece13 Wolff  19098590 en
ece13 Wolff 19098590 en

... agricultural research (Schlenker et al. 2006, Schlenker and Roberts 2009) reports that extreme temperatures, not averages, are especially harmful to crop yields. Third, following methods introduced by Bajari and Benkard (2005), we model unobserved heterogeneity in households’ preferences, thereby al ...
Malawi`s Strategy on Climate Change Learning
Malawi`s Strategy on Climate Change Learning

... concern, affecting the world’s poorest countries mainly in sub-Saharan Africa where most people are at immediate risk. In the light of the above, the developmental gains that the Malawi Government has achieved since independence in 1964 are coming under severe threat of being erased by the vagaries ...
PDF
PDF

... expressed in terms of exposure, i.e. the nature and degree to which a system is subject to climate change, and sensitivity, i.e. the degree to which systems are affected positively or negatively by climate change, which together describe the extent of potential climate change impacts. In contrast, s ...
Bradford, Mark A., et al. "Climate fails to predict wood decomposition
Bradford, Mark A., et al. "Climate fails to predict wood decomposition

... ecosystem carbon storage1 . In Earth-system models, climate is a predominant control on the decomposition rates of organic matter2–5 . This assumption is based on the mean response of decomposition to climate, yet there is a growing appreciation in other areas of global change science that projectio ...
From Davos to Copenhagen and Beyond
From Davos to Copenhagen and Beyond

... Tourism  and  travel  is  one  of  the  largest  global  economic  sectors  and  is  a  significant  contributor  to  many national and local economies around the world. In 2008, there were 922 million international  tourist  arrivals  with  tourism  receipts  of  US$944  billioni.    It  is  estima ...
II. Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability: Technical Summary
II. Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability: Technical Summary

... and frozen ground, and (ii) there is now evidence of effects on hydrology and water resources, coastal zones and oceans. The main evidence from regions of snow, ice and frozen ground is found in ground instability in permafrost regions, and rock avalanches; decrease in travel days of vehicles over f ...
Polish National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change
Polish National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change

... phenomena, taking place in the last few decades, tend to deepen and therefore they have become a matter of interest to governments and the international community. The results of scientific research clearly indicate that phenomena caused by climate change are a threat to the social and economic deve ...
Change - UNDP Climate Change Adaptation
Change - UNDP Climate Change Adaptation

... •Sea level rise due to thermal expansion and loss of mass from ice sheets would continue for centuries even if radiative forcing were to be stabilised. ...
migratory species and climate change
migratory species and climate change

... beha­viour of a large number of species are the consequence of shifts in local or regional climate, weather patterns and result­ ing changes of vegetation and habitat quality. The work of the Inter­governmental Panel on Climate Change has also made us all aware that Climate Change is likely to be th ...
Environmental Change and Infectious Disease - ECDC
Environmental Change and Infectious Disease - ECDC

... This report presents the key findings and discussions from a meeting organised by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), in collaboration with the WHO Regional Office for Europe (WHO EURO), the European Environment Agency (EEA), and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) at Ispra. T ...
Climate Change Scenarios + cov.
Climate Change Scenarios + cov.

... and its applicability. It is important that adaptation decisions are based on a range of climate scenarios accounting for the many uncertainties associated with projecting future climate (Section 3). These are most conveniently derived by groups of neighbouring countries working together over a cert ...
Resilient Midwestern Cities - Neighborhood Solutions Inc.
Resilient Midwestern Cities - Neighborhood Solutions Inc.

... Introduction and summary The Midwest is known as America’s heartland and breadbasket, home to the Great Lakes. Despite the constancy of these iconic images, however, cities across the nation’s central region are adjusting to a new normal: more frequent and intense storms; heavy downpours; heat wave ...
Mountains and Climate Change: A global concern - EDA
Mountains and Climate Change: A global concern - EDA

... warming has not been spatially uniform. The continents have warmed faster than the oceans and higher latitudes have warmed faster than lower ones. The Arctic has warmed especially fast (Figure 1.1). Rates of temperature increase have also changed over time. The last 50 years have seen a higher rate ...
Relationship with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Relationship with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate

... With an increasing number of events and technical workshops held by the UNFCCC thematic bodies, the engagement of GCF has so far focused on information exchange. The annual meeting, as set out in Decision B.13/11, paragraph (a), aims to further enhance the cooperation and coherence of the engagement ...
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Climate change denial

Climate change denial, or global warming denial, involves denial, dismissal, or unwarranted doubt about the scientific consensus on the rate and extent of global warming, the extent to which it is caused by humans, its impacts on nature and human society, or the potential for human actions to reduce these impacts. Climate change skepticism and climate change denial form an overlapping range of views, and generally have the same characteristics; both reject to a greater or lesser extent current scientific opinion on climate change. Climate change denial can also be implicit, when individuals or social groups accept the science but divert their attention to less difficult topics rather than take action. Several social science studies have analyzed these positions as forms of denialism.In the global warming controversy, campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science has been described as a ""denial machine"" of industrial, political and ideological interests, supported by conservative media and skeptical bloggers in manufacturing uncertainty about global warming. In the public debate, phrases such as climate skepticism have frequently been used with the same meaning as climate denialism. The labels are contested: those actively challenging climate science commonly describe themselves as ""skeptics"", but many do not comply with scientific skepticism and, regardless of evidence, continue to deny the validity of human caused global warming.Although there is a scientific consensus that human activity is the primary driver of climate change, the politics of global warming has been impacted by climate change denial, hindering efforts to prevent climate change and adapt to the warming climate. Typically, public debate on climate change denial may have the appearance of legitimate scientific discourse, but does not conform to scientific principles.Organised campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science is associated with conservative economic policies and backed by industrial interests opposed to the regulation of CO2 emissions. Climate change denial has been associated with the fossil fuels lobby, the Koch brothers, industry advocates and libertarian think tanks, often in the United States. Between 2002 and 2010, nearly $120 million (£77 million) was anonymously donated, some by conservative billionaires via the Donors Trust and Donors Capital Fund, to more than 100 organizations seeking to undermine the public perception of the science on climate change. In 2013 the Center for Media and Democracy reported that the State Policy Network (SPN), an umbrella group of 64 U.S. think tanks, had been lobbying on behalf of major corporations and conservative donors to oppose climate change regulation.
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