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Climate change implications for fisheries and aquaculture
Climate change implications for fisheries and aquaculture

... and extreme weather events – is affecting the abundance and distribution of fisheries resources and suitability of geographical locations for aquaculture systems. Underlying climate-related physical and chemical changes are linked to yet growing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which are being absorb ...
Effects of Global Climate Change at the Virginia Coast Reserve
Effects of Global Climate Change at the Virginia Coast Reserve

... climate change. We examined effects to four ecosystems: barrier islands, coastal bays and lagoons, tidal salt marshes, and uplands. For all four of these ecosystems, we have developed hypotheses of how the resources might change due to specific climate factors and, where possible, identified key th ...
Sep 6, 2014 - Science and Environmental Policy Project
Sep 6, 2014 - Science and Environmental Policy Project

... The Climate Establishment has tried to dismiss the Little Ice Age as a European phenomenon. However, one of Lamb’s students, Tim Ball, uncovered the enormously rich climate and weather records of the Hudson Bay Company. The records cover the Hudson area as far south as the Dakotas and west to south ...
Scientists  - Environmental Defense Fund
Scientists - Environmental Defense Fund

... Rule 29(d), that it is not practicable for these scientists to file a joint amicus brief with the other amici supporting petitioners and that it is thus necessary for the scientists to file a separate brief to state their views. These scientists wish to address different issues than the other amici ...
Climate Relicts: Past, Present, Future
Climate Relicts: Past, Present, Future

... to assess how climate and other factors have influenced present-day distributions (Knowles 2009). Both developments have greatly helped with refining our understanding of past environments and resulting range dynamics. They also have unveiled some conceptual caveats concerning the conventional biogeog ...
Vulnerability to Climate Change and Reasons for
Vulnerability to Climate Change and Reasons for

... regional climate change impacts may be clearer in physical and biological systems than in socioeconomic systems, which also are simultaneously undergoing many complex changes that are not related to climate change, such as population growth and urbanization. Socioeconomic systems have complex and va ...
Minutes - Transcript - Appendix 1
Minutes - Transcript - Appendix 1

... our fair share of extreme weather incidents in the last decade or so? It seems that we have had an awful lot of events in the last decade or so, given the overall frequencies which you spoke about earlier, Dr Huddleston. It has been a very eventful decade. Dr Matt Huddleston (Met Office Climate Scie ...
Energy and the Protection of the Atmosphere
Energy and the Protection of the Atmosphere

... nature of these impacts, including their extent, variability and regional patterns, are subject to considerable scientific uncertainty. The climate system is by its nature difficult to predict. Therefore, future climate changes may also involve ‘surprises’ [6]. Many ecosystems, some agricultural act ...
Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) rainfall curves, for data series
Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) rainfall curves, for data series

... change and continuing land use change in the Gallocanta Basin (Spain), one of only a few bird sanctuaries. Therefore, in order to obtain an appropriate management of the bird sanctuary, it was important to understand the impact of climate change on basin hydrology in terms not only of total amount o ...
Arimura - Viessmann European Research Centre
Arimura - Viessmann European Research Centre

...  If a country does not have a comparable policy..  If a country has a comparable policy, then…  In either case, this requirement can increase the demand for foreign credits, CDM ...
climate change in the courts
climate change in the courts

... 38 cases, this category represents 23% of all claims. These cases were primarily challenges to regulations limiting emissions sources. Group C, with only 5% of cases, resulted in a few particularly interesting cases, such as the ruling that the practice of gas flaring in the Niger Delta violated hum ...
PDF Full-text
PDF Full-text

... and ambiguities. From a municipality’s perspective, the fact that climate change is an ongoing process implies that adaptation strategies involve developments that reach far into the future, which may lead municipalities to the erroneous conclusion that they can postpone action [16], especially beca ...
Sea-Level Rise
Sea-Level Rise

... its standard projections. However, an illustrative example of how such an additional contribution from ice-sheet melt might scale under global warming is included. This potentially increases the upper end of the IPCC predictions to 0.76 m by the 2090s. In the assessment of the future damages of clim ...
GLOCHAMORE Research Strategy - Mountain Research Initiative
GLOCHAMORE Research Strategy - Mountain Research Initiative

... Human societies – not only within the mountains but also beyond them – exploit the diversity of resources available in and around mountain regions, but are also exposed to the unique hazards associated with these regions. Mountains have both unified and divided human societies, and have seen the dev ...
Accessing and Using Climate Data and Information in Fragile, Data
Accessing and Using Climate Data and Information in Fragile, Data

... Weather is the state of the atmosphere as it is experienced at any given moment and location. It is usually defined in terms of temperature, humidity, precipitation (a general term that includes rain, snow, sleet and hail), and wind. Weather conditions tend to be organized into distinct features kno ...
Going Global - The George Wright Society
Going Global - The George Wright Society

... practices for the establishment and management of protected area systems, and many of IUCN’s member organisations are the national parks and protected area management agencies of the world, including some of the largest and smallest agencies. The ability to develop and share lessons across these age ...
How Will I Be Remembered? Conserving the
How Will I Be Remembered? Conserving the

... Long time horizons and social distance are viewed as key psychological barriers to proenvironmental action, particularly regarding climate change. We suggest that these challenges can be turned into opportunities by making salient longterm goals and motives, thus shifting preferences between the pre ...
Implications of Climate Change for Armed Conflict
Implications of Climate Change for Armed Conflict

... and the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007), are generally more cautious in their references to conflict, but warn against potentially dire societal consequences of climate change. The issue of climate change and armed conflict is charact ...
10 Years of Advancing Knowledge on the Global Carbon Cycle and
10 Years of Advancing Knowledge on the Global Carbon Cycle and

... Contributions to accelerating atmospheric CO2 growth from economic activity, carbon intensity, and efficiency of natural sinks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104(47), 18866-18870. Doney SC & Schimel DS. 2007. Carbon and climate system coupling on timescales from the Precambrian to ...
Climate Change and Health in New Zealand
Climate Change and Health in New Zealand

... meningitis and environmental disasters) and that this number will increase to more than 650,000 deaths per year by 2030 if current emission patterns continue68. Most of the climate-health risk assessments to date are based on lower-range warming scenarios (around 2oC) and consider relatively near-fu ...
Overpeck and Cole, 2006
Overpeck and Cole, 2006

... types of millennial events (13). Dansgaard/Oeschger (D/O) events are alternations between warm (interstadial) and cold (stadial) states that recur approximately every 1500 years, although this rhythm is variable. Heinrich events are intervals of extreme cold contemporaneous with intervals of ice-raf ...
Paper - Wharton Marketing
Paper - Wharton Marketing

... Long time horizons and social distance are viewed as key psychological barriers to proenvironmental action, particularly regarding climate change. We suggest that these challenges can be turned into opportunities by making salient longterm goals and motives, thus shifting preferences between the pre ...
Risk-based assessment of climate change impacts
Risk-based assessment of climate change impacts

... conditions. Past observations establish a trend, although lengths of time series of different parameters at different locations vary. Projections from climate model outputs use assumptions about future anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions to estimate the anthropogenicallyinfluenced climate project ...
Climate change intensification of horizontal water vapor transport in
Climate change intensification of horizontal water vapor transport in

... distribution in the climate projections have been assessed [Kharin et al., 2013; Sillmann et al., 2013; Toreti et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2014; Polade et al., 2014]. These studies concluded that precipitation extremes will become more commonplace in many regions in the future, with the most extreme ...
The Recent Trend and Variance Increase of the
The Recent Trend and Variance Increase of the

... time series, that is, the variance of the winter-mean values, must arise from intraseasonal fluctuations. In this study, I examine the extent to which the picture in Fig. 2, that is, intraseasonal fluctuations accounting for interannual variability, applies to the AO index. I will use the intraseaso ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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