Chapter 6
... role in climate change. Therefore, the science examining past, current, and future climate is extremely complex and interdisciplinary. You may not think of climate as a geological field of study, but the history of climate is recorded within rocks, the current climate is altered by geologic events, ...
... role in climate change. Therefore, the science examining past, current, and future climate is extremely complex and interdisciplinary. You may not think of climate as a geological field of study, but the history of climate is recorded within rocks, the current climate is altered by geologic events, ...
Climate change, the Food Energy Water Nexus
... It is becoming increasingly clear that climate change is an inevitable process. With likely long-term changes in rainfall patterns, rising temperatures and shifting climate zones (IPCC 2013), climate change is expected to increase the frequency of climate-related shocks, which in turn will put press ...
... It is becoming increasingly clear that climate change is an inevitable process. With likely long-term changes in rainfall patterns, rising temperatures and shifting climate zones (IPCC 2013), climate change is expected to increase the frequency of climate-related shocks, which in turn will put press ...
The Greenhouse Effect – A New Zealand perspective on
... the atmosphere increases by about half of the amount emitted that year. Plant growth and decay and ocean uptake of CO2 are affected by year-to-year climate variations, particularly in temperature and rainfall. Thus we expect to see yearto-year changes in the amount of CO2 removed from the atmosphere ...
... the atmosphere increases by about half of the amount emitted that year. Plant growth and decay and ocean uptake of CO2 are affected by year-to-year climate variations, particularly in temperature and rainfall. Thus we expect to see yearto-year changes in the amount of CO2 removed from the atmosphere ...
Environmental Variability and Climate Change
... activities, but these are superimposed on underlying natural variations. Climate on Earth naturally undergoes changes driven by external factors such as variations in solar output and internal factors like volcanic eruptions. How can we distinguish the human from the natural impacts? And what might ...
... activities, but these are superimposed on underlying natural variations. Climate on Earth naturally undergoes changes driven by external factors such as variations in solar output and internal factors like volcanic eruptions. How can we distinguish the human from the natural impacts? And what might ...
Climate Change and its Implications for the Nile Region
... Climate change is a serious threat, with potentially very adverse impacts on the socio-economic conditions in the Nile Basin, on its environment, and on the ongoing efforts to establish a mutually agreed upon mechanism to manage the shared Nile water resources. Because of the high sensitivity of key ...
... Climate change is a serious threat, with potentially very adverse impacts on the socio-economic conditions in the Nile Basin, on its environment, and on the ongoing efforts to establish a mutually agreed upon mechanism to manage the shared Nile water resources. Because of the high sensitivity of key ...
... game. Last year, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), reflecting the consensus opinion of the world’s top physical and social scientists, found with near certainty that human activities are changing the world’s climate. It is difficult to know exactly how these change ...
From adaptation to climate-resilient development: the costs of climate-proofing the Millennium Development Goals in Africa (388 kB ) (opens in new window)
... mean adaptation is seen as an “environmental” issue to be kept separate from financing for “development”. 1.1 The consequences from separating adaptation and development The separation between “development” and “adaptation” has understandable political reasons since negotiators aim to distinguish (b ...
... mean adaptation is seen as an “environmental” issue to be kept separate from financing for “development”. 1.1 The consequences from separating adaptation and development The separation between “development” and “adaptation” has understandable political reasons since negotiators aim to distinguish (b ...
2011 Climate Action Plan - Summary Report (pdf)
... Lower-‐bound estimates are based on the 2009-‐19 Capital Financial Plan (CFP),5 which represents budgeted enrollments (i.e., the number of students for whom UCSC receives State general funds). The CFP assumes ...
... Lower-‐bound estimates are based on the 2009-‐19 Capital Financial Plan (CFP),5 which represents budgeted enrollments (i.e., the number of students for whom UCSC receives State general funds). The CFP assumes ...
C.4: Climate Change - North American Duck Symposium
... Les Marais du Vigueirat, Arles, 13200, France Changes in waterfowl ranges over the last decades are increasingly reported, both in North America and in Europe. The relative importance of different winter quarters may fluctuate under the influence of changing local habitat conditions, as well as acco ...
... Les Marais du Vigueirat, Arles, 13200, France Changes in waterfowl ranges over the last decades are increasingly reported, both in North America and in Europe. The relative importance of different winter quarters may fluctuate under the influence of changing local habitat conditions, as well as acco ...
Man-‐Made Global Warming is a Scam
... Importantly, CO2 is produced by the decomposition of plant matter, and released from the oceans and other natural processes including volcanoes. A minor amount is produced by man – man-‐made CO2 emissions ...
... Importantly, CO2 is produced by the decomposition of plant matter, and released from the oceans and other natural processes including volcanoes. A minor amount is produced by man – man-‐made CO2 emissions ...
Developing site scale projections of climate change in the Scottish
... maritime upland areas. Scale-dependent local controls, e.g. on climate in upland regions, are not adequately captured in the present generation of global and regional climate models (GCMs and RCMs, respectively) due to the relatively coarse resolution of the model grids. Therefore, until advances in ...
... maritime upland areas. Scale-dependent local controls, e.g. on climate in upland regions, are not adequately captured in the present generation of global and regional climate models (GCMs and RCMs, respectively) due to the relatively coarse resolution of the model grids. Therefore, until advances in ...
Food and Agriculture on the Sidelines: A
... greenhouse gas emissions2, notes the contribution of agriculture to climate change, and proposes ways for agriculture to be rolled into climate policy. On an international scale, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – which is the global leader in compiling scientific research on cl ...
... greenhouse gas emissions2, notes the contribution of agriculture to climate change, and proposes ways for agriculture to be rolled into climate policy. On an international scale, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – which is the global leader in compiling scientific research on cl ...
brief
... incorrect. DOE deliberately selected a global perspective for the SCC values because a global perspective directly advances U.S. national interests. A domestic-only view of climate change, by contrast, would prevent DOE from setting conservation standards at economically efficient levels, and would ...
... incorrect. DOE deliberately selected a global perspective for the SCC values because a global perspective directly advances U.S. national interests. A domestic-only view of climate change, by contrast, would prevent DOE from setting conservation standards at economically efficient levels, and would ...
Projecting australian climate change
... For climate variables that exhibit only a limited range of natural variability, small deviations can be significant. The role of human influence can be attributed with some confidence. Global average temperature is one such factor. Changes in climate variables such as rainfall, which can exhibit hig ...
... For climate variables that exhibit only a limited range of natural variability, small deviations can be significant. The role of human influence can be attributed with some confidence. Global average temperature is one such factor. Changes in climate variables such as rainfall, which can exhibit hig ...
Supporting decision-making for effective adaptation
... Social and economic changes: The nature and extent of the impact is not dictated by the magnitude and rate of climate change alone, but together with the context – socio-economic, demographic, environmental, institutional and technological – in which climate change occurs. Uncertainties also surroun ...
... Social and economic changes: The nature and extent of the impact is not dictated by the magnitude and rate of climate change alone, but together with the context – socio-economic, demographic, environmental, institutional and technological – in which climate change occurs. Uncertainties also surroun ...
Global Climate Change - Vanderbilt University
... Estimates are that by the year 2100 climate-related deaths will be in the hundreds of millions and economic losses will be trillions of dollars. A 3°C rise in average global temperature could also put 30-50% of plants and animals at risk of extinction (IPCC 2007). Passing a tipping point that leads ...
... Estimates are that by the year 2100 climate-related deaths will be in the hundreds of millions and economic losses will be trillions of dollars. A 3°C rise in average global temperature could also put 30-50% of plants and animals at risk of extinction (IPCC 2007). Passing a tipping point that leads ...
Supplementary Information - Stockholm Resilience Centre
... climate evolutions considered tolerable. Tolerability is related to two basic normative principles, “preservation of the Creation” and “prevention of excessive costs”, which are treated as equally important constraints (WBGU 1995 p. 7). The principles are operationalised through the definition of im ...
... climate evolutions considered tolerable. Tolerability is related to two basic normative principles, “preservation of the Creation” and “prevention of excessive costs”, which are treated as equally important constraints (WBGU 1995 p. 7). The principles are operationalised through the definition of im ...
Climate change impacts in urban coastal
... Historically, approaches to coastal protection in Australia have involved hard engineering, such as construction of seawalls, revetments, groynes and breakwalls to mitigate sea-level rise and storm-surge or constructing dams to mitigate flooding. More recently, use of soft engineering, such as beach ...
... Historically, approaches to coastal protection in Australia have involved hard engineering, such as construction of seawalls, revetments, groynes and breakwalls to mitigate sea-level rise and storm-surge or constructing dams to mitigate flooding. More recently, use of soft engineering, such as beach ...
Expert Consensus on the Economics of Climate Change
... • On average, economic experts predicted far higher economic impacts from climate change than the estimates found in older surveys of economists and other climate experts. Respondents predicted a global GDP loss of roughly 10% if global mean temperature increases by 3°C relative to the pre-industri ...
... • On average, economic experts predicted far higher economic impacts from climate change than the estimates found in older surveys of economists and other climate experts. Respondents predicted a global GDP loss of roughly 10% if global mean temperature increases by 3°C relative to the pre-industri ...
Links between the Built Environment, Climate and Population Health
... with long-term increases in mean annual surface temperatures of the earth’s atmosphere, increased climate variability and projected increases in extreme weather events expressed differentially across the planet.4 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report projects ...
... with long-term increases in mean annual surface temperatures of the earth’s atmosphere, increased climate variability and projected increases in extreme weather events expressed differentially across the planet.4 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report projects ...
CPUC Workshop on Societal Cost Test
... All of the current TRC carbon costs are meant to reflect near-term expected cost outlays for compliance or mitigation SCT perspective takes into account the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) that is not captured in the TRC. SCC can be approached in two different ways: • Approach 1: Long-term damage costs ...
... All of the current TRC carbon costs are meant to reflect near-term expected cost outlays for compliance or mitigation SCT perspective takes into account the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) that is not captured in the TRC. SCC can be approached in two different ways: • Approach 1: Long-term damage costs ...
Why join a carbon club? A study of the banks participating
... Pinkse, 2004). Many firms work with business partners to identify new approaches that benefit business while dealing with an environmental issue. Among the possible ways companies can organize themselves to pursue knowledge, green clubs are particularly noteworthy, for they generally involve sharing k ...
... Pinkse, 2004). Many firms work with business partners to identify new approaches that benefit business while dealing with an environmental issue. Among the possible ways companies can organize themselves to pursue knowledge, green clubs are particularly noteworthy, for they generally involve sharing k ...
The Medieval Quiet Period - Department of Geosciences
... Associated feedbacks (principally snow cover and sea-ice expansion) would have reinforced the overall negative radiative forcing (Zhong et al., 2011; Miller et al., 2012). But unless the magnitude of TSI reduction during solar minima is much greater than current models indicate, with the higher irra ...
... Associated feedbacks (principally snow cover and sea-ice expansion) would have reinforced the overall negative radiative forcing (Zhong et al., 2011; Miller et al., 2012). But unless the magnitude of TSI reduction during solar minima is much greater than current models indicate, with the higher irra ...
How do recent population trends matter to climate change?
... Based on existing scientific evidence, this paper explores (1) how population changes affect the growth of global greenhouse gas emissions and resulting climate change; (2) how anticipated population trends affect future adaptive strategies for coping with the impacts of climate variation and change ...
... Based on existing scientific evidence, this paper explores (1) how population changes affect the growth of global greenhouse gas emissions and resulting climate change; (2) how anticipated population trends affect future adaptive strategies for coping with the impacts of climate variation and change ...
“It won`t be any good to have democracy if we don`t have a country
... the Maldivian claim to be the climate change “synecdoche” (Connell, 2003), the country’s coral atoll ecosystem became a synecdoche for the fragile democratic political culture to which the new administration aspired. To discern the significance of the Maldives’ global environmental project for its in ...
... the Maldivian claim to be the climate change “synecdoche” (Connell, 2003), the country’s coral atoll ecosystem became a synecdoche for the fragile democratic political culture to which the new administration aspired. To discern the significance of the Maldives’ global environmental project for its in ...