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Junk Mail`s Impact on Global Warming
Junk Mail`s Impact on Global Warming

... our planet is warming at an unsustainable rate. Taking on climate change is going to require some hard choices. But there’s one choice we can make that won’t be hard at all: getting rid of junk mail that we never wanted in the first place. This report reveals one of the most appalling and little-kno ...
Development of a Methodology and a Tool for the Assessment of Vulnerability of Roadways to Flood Induced Damage
Development of a Methodology and a Tool for the Assessment of Vulnerability of Roadways to Flood Induced Damage

... water and ground water level (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has stated that the frequencies of heavy precipitation, as well as rainfall from tropical cyclones, are likely to continue to increase in this century (7). Evidence from three recent hurricanes, Kat ...
PDF - AMS Journals - American Meteorological Society
PDF - AMS Journals - American Meteorological Society

... the characteristics of contemporary extremes, attribution studies alone are limited in ...
Climate and Atmosphere-- Bosnia and Herzegovina
Climate and Atmosphere-- Bosnia and Herzegovina

... Total CO2 emissions represent the mass of CO2 produced during the combustion of solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels, from gas flaring and the manufacture of cement. These estimates do not include bunker fuels used in international transportation due to the difficulty of apportioning these fuels among t ...
West Lothian Council Climate Change Strategy 2015-2020
West Lothian Council Climate Change Strategy 2015-2020

... The direct impacts in West Lothian will not be as severe as in some coastal areas, or in developing countries where the effects of drought, food shortages, flooding and land loss will be profound. This will inevitably impact on us all through supply chain impacts and increased demand for limited res ...
Green Resilience: Climate Adaptation + Mitigation Synergies
Green Resilience: Climate Adaptation + Mitigation Synergies

... With this background on how the process of connecting adaptation and mitigation, we can now delve into how climate A+M fits into the policy, research, and funding aspects at the community and national levels. Susan Ruffo provided a brief overview of the Administration’s climate actions. On June 25, ...
Climate change, ocean processes and ocean iron fertilization
Climate change, ocean processes and ocean iron fertilization

... would qualify for offset credits. Recent global models incorporating increasingly explicit biology give much reduced sequestration relative to the 2 earlier models (Table 2). Aumont & Bopp (2006), with a more realistic ecosystem and biogeochemical cycles, obtain a cumulative uptake by 2100 of 70 Pg ...
Impacts of climate change on the worldTs most exceptional ecoregions
Impacts of climate change on the worldTs most exceptional ecoregions

... rarity, and their representation of biomes (16). However, the majority of these regions are threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation, with 147 of 185 terrestrial and freshwater regions being classified as either vulnerable or critically endangered (CE) (16). Exposure of these ecoreg ...
Report on WCRP developments/response post Review
Report on WCRP developments/response post Review

... After 30 years of high achievement, the breadth of WCRP activities has outgrown the ability of society to support all the necessary research, infrastructure, and coordination. Yet the need for WCRP’s work is more important than ever WCRP has earned renown for excellence over its 30-year lifetime. Th ...
Normative aspects of climate adaptation policies
Normative aspects of climate adaptation policies

... is choice. One crucial question in this respect is whether adaptation measures, or the legal and institutional system on which they are based, must be aimed wholly and specifically towards maintaining the current situation and protecting existing interests, or whether changes in the current situatio ...
The World Meteorological Organization at a glance
The World Meteorological Organization at a glance

... foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change,” the IPCC was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007, also the year in which it published its Fourth Assessment Report, which stated that global climate is unequivocally warming, very likely as a result of human activities. Conse ...
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PDF

... 2.15 billion to the losses; pushing 74.000 more people below poverty line. Ciscar et al. (2009) uses various impact-specific model with a CGE (GEM-E3) model in which most EU countries are modeled individually. DSSAT crop models have been used to quantify the physical impacts on agriculture. Their fi ...
A Logical Argument Against Man Made Global Warming for the
A Logical Argument Against Man Made Global Warming for the

... body because it reflects on the scientific process that is used. This is an error that the IPCC's peer-review process should have uncovered. Also, as a lead author, it was inappropriate for Mann to rely so heavily on his own work. An analysis by the Science & Public Policy Institute has shown that I ...
Global Warming — Scientific Facts, Problems and
Global Warming — Scientific Facts, Problems and

... changed to 0.120C /decade [22]. The current version (Figure 2C) has a trend value about 0.140C / decade, which is very close to that in RSS series (Figure2B). In spite of some past disagreement, both UAH and RSS records show that the temperature rise in the low troposphere is unlikely less than at t ...
Climate Change Adaptation in the Water Sector
Climate Change Adaptation in the Water Sector

... In order to tackle this future challenge, immediate and imperative actions are required as IPCC scientists still consider the climate change phenomena in its inertia stage but could grow out of control if not seriously addressed. With 385 parts per million (ppm) by volume in the Earth's atmosphere i ...
Forest, mitigation and adaptation: Exploring evidence, synergies
Forest, mitigation and adaptation: Exploring evidence, synergies

... pilot programmes, and few structural programme. Many actions are short term, what it needed is continuous guaranteed efforts. 2. Another aspect is that many public policies might be suitable to integrated objectives between mitigation and adaptation, but are not explicitly oriented towards such inte ...
The dynamics of vulnerability: why adapting to climate variability climate change
The dynamics of vulnerability: why adapting to climate variability climate change

... Furthermore, it is asserted, ‘actions taken today to reduce vulnerability—actions which have been justified for a long time—will increase resilience and security by providing a buffer against vulnerability to future consequences of climate change’(Ref 21, p. 15). The argument is also made that clima ...
Governing the future under climate change: contested visions of
Governing the future under climate change: contested visions of

... Climate change adaptation is a Trojan horse of contested, ideological meanings under the guise of a  largely technical and apolitical process. Careful analysis is needed to better understand what is going  on when we use the term adaptation and, in particular, what specific futures are more or less  ...
Science Communication - Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program
Science Communication - Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program

... Tivo uncomfortable. Tivo then starts dating Clinton Carew, host of the environmental TV program Hot Stove Planet. While Tivo and Clinton’s relationship develops, Al gets sick and eventually falls into a coma. We learn that he has contracted West Nile Virus after being bitten by an infected mosquito ...
mitigation commitments or actions
mitigation commitments or actions

...  The agreed full costs of enabling activities undertaken by the national coordinating bodies shall be met by developed country Parties. The administration costs of national coordinating bodies shall be covered through international financial resources made available specifically for this purpose. A ...
Does climate adaptation policy need probabilities?
Does climate adaptation policy need probabilities?

... probabilities for future greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, decision-makers need to rely on robustness. That is to say, policy solutions should be based on strategies that work reasonably well for all possibilities (Lempert and Schlesinger, 2000). In their reply, Pittock et al. (2001) propose a risk-ma ...
Climate Justice Action Kit for Secondary Schools
Climate Justice Action Kit for Secondary Schools

... the world’s poorest are bearing the most severe consequences of climatic disruption despite having done the least to cause it. Their voices are often excluded from international climate discussions, fostering a ‘globalisation of indifference’ [52]. “ Climate change is a global problem with grave im ...
Adaptation strategies to increase human resilience against climate
Adaptation strategies to increase human resilience against climate

... published in AIACC Working Papers have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication in the on-line series as being (i) fundamentally sound in their methods and implementation, (ii) informative about the methods and/or findings of new research, and (iii) clearly written for a broad, multi-discipli ...
PDF - sudan academy of sciences
PDF - sudan academy of sciences

... species that forms an important component of the country's wealth of biodiversity. The forestry sector contributes some 12% of the Sudanese GDP, besides the indirect benefits it renders in the way of environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, soil amelioration, work opportunities for rural ...
Climate Change Policies in New York State
Climate Change Policies in New York State

... Other climate change policy initiatives in place or being considered by the European Union include [33]: ¾ Renewable Energy: In March 2007, the EU set new binding energy targets, requiring the use of 20% energy from renewable sources by 2020. This will require a massive growth in all three renewable ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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