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BATES et al 2008 Climate Change and Water
BATES et al 2008 Climate Change and Water

... the relationship between climate change and freshwater resources is of primary concern to human society and also has implications for all living species. An interdisciplinary writing team of Lead Authors was selected by the three IPCC Working Group Bureaus with the aim of achieving a regional and to ...
Precipitation and temperatures extremes in East Africa in past and
Precipitation and temperatures extremes in East Africa in past and

... EA like most National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) around the world are generally aware of climate change, but find it difficult to include this notion and the available scientific results in their services and products. To improve the information services on extremes under clima ...
Afghanistan Initial National Communication
Afghanistan Initial National Communication

... vulnerable to the climatic hazards. The under-5 mortality rate decreased from 257 per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 161 in 2007/08, the maternal mortality rate at 1,600 deaths per 100,000 live births- is the second highest in the world. However, in terms of educational opportunities in Afghanistan in ...
Climate Change and Water
Climate Change and Water

... the relationship between climate change and freshwater resources is of primary concern to human society and also has implications for all living species. An interdisciplinary writing team of Lead Authors was selected by the three IPCC Working Group Bureaus with the aim of achieving a regional and to ...
Climate Change, Carbon, and Forestry in Northwestern North America:
Climate Change, Carbon, and Forestry in Northwestern North America:

... of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.” This consensus is based on a number of lines of evidence. CO2 is a recognized greenhouse gas, meaning that molecules present in the atmosphere absorb heat. Other greenhouse gases are also present in the atmosphere ( ...
Building climate change resilience for African livestock in sub
Building climate change resilience for African livestock in sub

... other parts of the world livestock is increasingly seen as a driver of climate change, rather than being affected by it. The study rightfully addresses this controversy, and places the African livestock in the perspective where it belongs, an asset to many poor with as yet untapped potential to adap ...
Forests and carbon: valuation, discounting and risk management
Forests and carbon: valuation, discounting and risk management

... to those expected to occur anyway. This fits with the position that carbon offsets are of value only when used in conjunction with, rather than as a substitute for, emissions reductions. However, where projects provide carbon benefits that are accounted for under existing national emission reduction ...
http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2146e/i2146e.pdf
http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2146e/i2146e.pdf

... according to the population of different country groupings in 2000; (b) distribution of regional GHG emissions per USD of GDP (PPP) over the GDP of different country groupings in 2000 ... 30 2.19 Share of different anthropogenic GHGs in total emissions in 2004 in terms of CO2-eq ............. 31 2.2 ...
As Goes The Arctic, So Goes The Planet
As Goes The Arctic, So Goes The Planet

... areas of the much darker ocean that absorb solar radiation rather than reflecting it. This increased warming alters weather patterns and climate in the northern hemisphere, will likely release additional greenhouse gases from carbon stores frozen in the Arctic permafrost, and may accelerate melting ...
Text (Open Access) - Reading`s CentAUR
Text (Open Access) - Reading`s CentAUR

... the chemistry of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), model sensitivity studies [Shindell et al., 2009; Stevenson et al., 2013] attribute much of the increase in tropospheric ozone since 1850 to the increase in methane and NOx , with only a minor contribution from NMVOCs. This suggests t ...
Baseline study for the Climate Change, Agriculture and Poverty
Baseline study for the Climate Change, Agriculture and Poverty

... and Chamwino Districts. The objective of the project is for Tanzania to be implementing policies and strategies that prioritise support to small-scale farmers to enable them to improve their livelihoods through the adoption of climate smart agriculture and sustainable land and natural resources mana ...
Global Catastrophic Risks - The Global Priorities Project
Global Catastrophic Risks - The Global Priorities Project

... more powerful than combustion engines, might also offer huge benefits and carry unforeseen risks. If we fail to manage this risk well, we might be caught out by consequences that fol- ...
1-Thesis Synthesis
1-Thesis Synthesis

... The social institutions of industrial society have been confronted with the historically unprecedented possibility of the destruction though decision making of all life on this planet. Urlich Beck, 1992, From Industrial Society to the Risk Society, 101. The paradox arising from the human capacity to ...
Human Adaptation to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Its
Human Adaptation to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Its

... The social institutions of industrial society have been confronted with the historically unprecedented possibility of the destruction though decision making of all life on this planet. Urlich Beck, 1992, From Industrial Society to the Risk Society, 101. The paradox arising from the human capacity to ...
Arctic air pollution: Challenges and opportunities for the next decade
Arctic air pollution: Challenges and opportunities for the next decade

... potential to impact Arctic climate (Shindell and Faluvegi, 2009; Sand et al., 2015). The sensitivity of ...
A C I
A C I

... It also looks at several recent proposals on how to treat adaptation in a post-2012 agreement on climate change. While these proposals address many important issues relevant to adaptation, they are not always linked with the international climate change negotiating process. Further, they tend to foc ...
Macarthy, J.M. 12 - Newcastle University eTheses: Home
Macarthy, J.M. 12 - Newcastle University eTheses: Home

... research uses a variety of data collection techniques (quantitative and qualitative) to investigate the constraints placed on actors at different levels in shaping the city’s development process and how this will be affected by climate change. The thesis proposes a framework to offer insights into s ...
as PDF
as PDF

... atmosphere has made oceans 0.1 pH unit more acid, negatively affecting tens of thousands of species that depend on calcium carbonate to build skeletons. On land, the alteration of the hydrological cycle has increased the probability of wildfire, which is devastating to biodiversity in regions with n ...
Addressing Environmental Challenges and their Social
Addressing Environmental Challenges and their Social

... Weather extremes, environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity and heritage, depletion of natural resources and other environmental phenomena are happening all around us. Indeed, climate change, combined in some cases with environmental mismanagement, affects all segments of society, but it is th ...
Climate-Induced Population Movement: The Issue
Climate-Induced Population Movement: The Issue

... internally or externally, due to the impacts of climate change (such as sea-level rise, increasing intensity of storms and droughts, flooding and natural disasters) therefore adds tremendously to contemporary challenges. According to scientific estimations, the number of those likely to relocate due ...
DISCUSSION PAPER Paving the Way for U.S. Climate
DISCUSSION PAPER Paving the Way for U.S. Climate

... government. Although the President leads our diplomatic efforts, Congress initiates legislation to strengthen our economy, manage government spending, and protect our general welfare. Climate change is a global problem that requires international solutions, but climate solutions will affect nearly e ...
Climate Time Series Analysis
Climate Time Series Analysis

... also reported “stories”—comments, discussions and replies on certain papers in a scientific journal. Such exchanges, as also the “discussion” parts in read statistical papers, provide insight into the production of science—often more intimate than what polished journal articles reveal. The chapters ...
Building Resilience for Adaptation to Climate Change in the Agriculture Sector
Building Resilience for Adaptation to Climate Change in the Agriculture Sector

... adapted to changing conditions. It also briefly reviewed national adaptation plans for least developed countries (LDCs) as related to agriculture. The presentations stressed the fact that various biophysical risks (weather, animal diseases, plant pests) are going to change – in terms of their nature ...
global climate change as seen by zoo and aquarium visitors
global climate change as seen by zoo and aquarium visitors

... solution to environmental problems [9]. Research suggests, furthermore, that zoos can provide positive emotional contexts for visitors [18], that the zoo context supports a social identity related to concern for animals and the environment [5], that it is possible to connect emotional affinity for a ...
Climate Change, Humidity, and Mortality in the United States
Climate Change, Humidity, and Mortality in the United States

... conditions. Incorporating the costs of this self-protection is important for developing credible estimates of the “heath-related” costs of climate change (Deschênes and Greenstone, 2007). In this paper, I make two key contributions to the literature: First, I provide comprehensive estimates of the e ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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